Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11 β-HSD1) converts cortisone into its active metabolite, cortisol. Mechanisms regulating the promoter-activity of 11β-HSD1 are of considerable importance to understand the basics of intracellular cortisol, lipid and glucose metabolism. The incretine glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has been suggested to affect insulin sensitivity. However, the mechanisms of this effect are unclear yet....

Objectives: Insulin interacts with the GH – insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system by a reciprocal regulation of IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and GH, which in turn interact to regulate insulin sensitivity (IS). We previously showed that IGFBP-2 is involved in the insulin-induced reduction in IGF1 bioactivity. We here address the modulation of IGF1 bioactivity during acute lipid-induced insulin resistance.Methods: 18 healthy men (30.8±2.6 year...

Objectives: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiac hormone that is known to play an essential role in regulation of blood pressure and vascular endothelial function. However, the metabolic regulation of ANP is not fully understood. In patients with the metabolic syndrome, hyperglucagonemia is a common feature, besides hypertension and hyperinsulinemia. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of glucagon on proANP and the possible mechanisms underlying this effect.<p clas...

Objectives: Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) plays a fundamental role in regulation of metabolism and energy homeostasis. Low BDNF levels have been identified as possible biological causes for development of obesity and BDNF administration has been shown to induce weight loss and to improve insulin sensitivity in diabetic animal models. Acute exercise is known to induce a transient increase of peripheral BDNF but no information is yet available regarding the exercise-i...

Objectives: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiac hormone that is known to play an essential role in regulation of blood pressure and vascular endothelial function. However, the metabolic regulation of ANP is not fully understood. In patients suffering from metabolic syndrome hypertension, hyperinsulinemia and postprandial hyperglucagonemia are common features. It was the aim of the present study to evaluate the impact of glucagon on proANP and the possible mechanisms ...

Objectives: Gastrointestinal hormones are known to modulate satiety. The mechanisms underlying the impact of glucagon on satiety are so far unknown. However, it can be postulated that the glucagon-induced reduction in hunger feeling is mediated through changes in Cholecystokinin (CCK), which is known to play a role in meal termination. It was the aim of the present study to evaluate the impact of glucagon on CCK and the modulation of these effects in obesity.<p class="abst...

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone secreted by K-cells of proximal small intestine that is secreted postprandial in response to glucose and fat ingestion. Its effect is mediated through a GIP receptor (GIPR) which is widely expressed in different tissues, e.g. pancreatic islets, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, adrenal cortex, heart, pituitary and in some regions of the brain. However, only the effect of GIP in pancreatic beta-cells is we...

The development of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is affected by genetic and lifestyle factors. Polymorphisms within the KIR6.2 gene seem to be associated with a higher risk for T2DM. The protein encoded by this gene represents a potassium channel, which plays an essential role in insulin and glucagon secretion by the pancreas.A hyperglycaemic clamp without insulin was performed over 2 h in 10 healthy persons with the Kir6.2 E23K wild type Glu/Glu, 10 a...

Background: Long term exposure of INS-1 beta cells to elevated glucose concentrations has been observed to impair insulin expression, a phenomenon termed as glucose toxicity. Despite its potential relevance in the progression of diabetes, the underlying mechanisms is not yet fully understood.Aim: Target analysis of single, or a sub-group of metabolites has until now been the method of choice in mammalian cells to investigate the pathological state in ter...

Background & Aims: NutriAct is a 36-month randomized controlled multi-center trial aiming to analyze the effects of a dietary pattern focusing on a high-protein and high-unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) intake on healthy aging. We aimed to explore changes in intake of macronutrients and determine factors associated with a successful modulation of dietary pattern after 36 months in elderly community dwelling participants.Methods: 502 participants were ra...