Endocrine Abstracts

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative diseasethat is manifested by a progressive loss of cognitive and behavioral function. In previous studies, we have constructed a predictive model for the classification of AD patients based on levels of circulating steroids and their polar conjugates.Both AD and Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) are well known to affect the levels of some steroid hormones, however, in the opposite direction, and in a gen...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that manifests itself in the gradual loss of cognitive and behavioral functions. In humans, glucagon is processed in pancreatic alpha cells located next to insulin-secreting beta cells, suggesting a local interaction. Glucagon is also produced in the intestinal L-cells and in small amounts in the hypothalamus. The main function of glucagon is to counteract the effects of insulin and thus maintain balanced blood gluco...

Introduction: Melatonin is a crucial hormone for controlling sleep rhythms and disruption of its natural secretory rhythmicity is considered to be one of the causes of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The MTNR1B gene encodes the melatonin receptor. Polymorphism rs10830963 in this gene shows an association with fasting blood glucose and impaired glucose tolerance. Current studies suggest that carriers of the minor allele G have a slightly shifted cycle of melatonin secretion toward a ...

Introduction: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary tumor syndrome. Common manifestations include more than 20 tumors of the parathyroid, pituitary and pancreatic glands and others non-endocrine tumors. The majority of patients carry a germline mutation in a tumor-suppressor gene MEN1, that encodes nuclear protein menin, ubiquitously expressed. So fare, more than 600 germline or somatic mutations have been reported over the...

KCNJ11 as well as UCP2 genes are involved via modulation of ATP concentration in pancreatic beta-cells in control of insulin secretion. The aim of study was to compare genotypic distribution of E23K (KCNJ11) and G-866A (UCP2) polymorphisms between diabetics, their offspring and controls and to study the possible association of these polymorphisms with biochemical and anthropometric parameters.The study entered 302 diabetics, 165 offspring, 241 controls. ...

Introduction: Graves’ disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. The first-choice therapy is administration of thyreostatic drugs. However, approximately half of patients relapse within two years of discontinuation. It is then necessary to decide whether to re-initiate thyreostatic treatment, which may have serious side effects, or to choose a radical approach (TTE, radioiodine). Familial forms of GD indicate that the disease has a significant genetic compo...

Introduction: The SNP rs7578597 (Thr1187Ala) of THADA gene was identified in GWA studies as a novel type 2 diabetes risk locus. Nevertheless, subsequent studies of this SNP effect have been inconclusive. In some studies, rs7578597 has been associated with insulin secretion but no significant correlation with type 2 diabetes has been reported. Product of THADA gene is considered to be involved in apoptosis. Whether rs7578597 affects insulin secretion throught the apoptosis of p...

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate derivative (DHEA-S) are major adrenal secretory products in humans, but their biological function is not still fully explained. Some studies reported negative correlation of DHEA(S) with BMI, fat distribution, and correlations with insulin sensitivity or lipid spectra, but the results are often controversial. Our objective was to assess the correlations of DHEA and DHEA-S levels in Czech non-diabetic population with anthropometric,...

SHBG (sex hormone-binding globulin) is a transport protein specific for dihydrotestosterone, testosterone and estradiol. The missense mutation in exon 8 (GAC→AAC) causing the amino acid exchange D327N correlates accordingly to literature data with higher SHBG levels.We studied the possible association of this polymorphism with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its influence on anthropometric and biochemical parameters in 247 PCOS patients in com...

IntroductionThe MTNR1B gene encodes a receptor for melatonin, a hormone that controls biorhythms. The gene is expressed primarily in the brain, but also in human pancreatic cells. Genetic studies suggest that variability in the MTNR1B gene is one of the factors sought to influence the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The single nucleotide polymorphism rs10830963 shows the strongest association. Our aim was to compare ...