Endocrine Abstracts

The classical diagnostic strategy of internal medicine, including medical history, physical examination and additional diagnostic test, is unable to assess the activity of the autonomous nervous system in detail and, consequently, has resulted in negligence of the involvement of the autonomic nervous system. Nonetheless, evidence is emerging that the autonomous nervous system is involved in the pathophysiology of complex diseases. These conditions include insulin resistance, t...

The neuroprotective and promyelinating actions of progesterone, now well documented by experimental studies, make it a particularly promising therapeutic agent for neuroinjury. This concept has recently been translated into clinical practice. Progesterone can also be locally produced in the nervous system by neurons and glial cells. Importantly, increased progesterone synthesis after brain injury may be part of endogenous neuroprotective responses. However, the mechanisms by w...

Introduction: Despite early demonstrations that sympathetic activation elevates blood pressure and early clinical inklings that human hypertension may have a psychosomatic component, the pivotal role of the nervous system in human hypertension is only recently being clarified. We studied the effect of nutrition with different salt concentrations on autonomic nervous response.Method: Eight groups of rats, six in each group, (one male and five female) havi...

The central nervous system (CNS) is crucial in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Apart from endocrine signaling and nutrient sensing, there is an important neuronal network that connects the CNS with peripheral metabolic processes. Many neuroanatomical studies have shown that the white adipose tissue (WAT) and the liver are innervated by the autonomic nervous system. For instance, there is evidence that, as the levels of various peripheral signals change, specific neuronal...

Sex hormones act both as endocrine signals as well as local paracrine or autocrine factors in the nervous system. In addition to target to classical endocrine and reproductive brain areas, sex hormones and its metabolites affect learning and cognition and regulate the development and plasticity of brain regions that are not directly related to reproduction. Estrogen and progesterone exert neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system and may affect the onset and progre...

The link between thyroid hormone deficiency and optimal neurodevelopment in early childhood is well established. More recently, data from animal model experiments and epidemiological databases have indicated that perturbations in maternal and fetal thyroid hormone concentrations may affect fetal outcome and, in particular, have an adverse effect on neurodevelopmental outcome. Epidemiological evidence in human pregnancies has indicated that hypothyroxinaemia in the fetus in the...

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is accompanied by brain injury manifested as cognitive, emotional and vascular impairment.Purpose: To study prevalence and degree of disorders of central nervous system in children with diabetes mellitus type I (TIDM).Objects and methods: Examination of nervous system in 100 children - age 7-18 yrs [9.0-17.8] with TIDM was provided. The control group consisted of healthy children (n...

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes damage to many organs and systems. The consequences of diabetes mellitus in the central nervous system are less known than diabetic peripheral neuropathy and autonomic nervous system neuropathy. Damage to the brain and the spinal cord is less common.Aim: The aim of study is to show the importance of motor and somatosensory evoked potentials (MEP and SEP) for early diagnosis of unapparent central nervous system (C...

Introduction: Subclinical hyperthyreosis (SH) affects about 1.5% population at least. The diagnosis of this disease leans on the laboratory criteria only: decreased of TSH and normal FT3 and FT4 levels. SH increases mortality and there is no unequivocal procedure algorithm to manage patients with this desease.Aim: To estimate an influence of cure of SH on heart rate and on autonomous nervous sytem and to find the relationships between parameters of Holte...

Leptin is a crucial hormone in the regulation of body weight. It is produced by adipose tissue and acts centrally decreasing appetite and increasing energy expenditure. Leptin has been shown to stimulate sympathetic nervous system activity in vitro although the physiological relevance of this remains unclear. Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and a greatly increased cardiovascular risk. We have the...