Endocrine Abstracts

The acceleration in linear growth at puberty is attributed to the combined physiological effects of both somatotropic and gonadal axes. In synergy, growth hormone (GH) and gonadal steroids (testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2)) stimulate longitudinal bone growth through direct stimulation of chondrocytes and osteoblast. Nutrition such as sufficient amount of nutrients including calcium, phosphate, sodium, potassium and iron and vitamins like vitamin D, vitamin A and vitamin C p...

The short children have lower social competence and show more social problems than children with normal stature. The physical appearance has consequences in terms of how short stature children are judged and treated by others as they can be teased or bullied due to short stature, which may affect future prospects of finding a job or a spouse. These psychosocial stressors are risk factors for the psychological adjustment for children of short stature. Stress responses are activ...

Puberty onset is sensitive to the energy reserves of the organism, especially in females where there is an association between obesity and early puberty. Studies have shown that in the presence of growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a) mutations, there is a decrease in ghrelin-mediated appetite, resulting in relatively low BMI, which contributes to the delayed onset of puberty. Furthermore, delayed puberty is observed in clinical conditions associated with low IGF1, ...

The combined physiological effects of somatotropic and gonadal axes have been demonstrated to cause acceleration in linear growth at puberty. In synergy, growth hormone (GH) and gonadal steroids (testosterone [T] and estradiol [E2]) stimulate longitudinal bone growth through direct stimulation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Amongst others, the secretion of GH is stimulated by ghrelin through its receptor called GH secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a). Ghrelin is a peptide secre...

Background: Knowledge of glucocorticoid use during acute illness is widely known, however, knowledge of Diabetes Insipidus (DI) is suboptimal amongst healthcare professionals. In 2009, a series of medical and management failures led to the death of 22 year old from DI in a London hospital. Since then increased efforts have been made to raise awareness about the inpatient management of DI and dangers associated with delay and/or omission of desmopressin. An NHS England patient ...

Background: Our bodies function optimally when we align our eating & sleeping patterns with our circadian rhythms, the innate 24-hour cycles that tell our bodies when to wake up, when to eat and when to fall asleep. Chronically disrupting this rhythm by eating late night meals & sleep could be a recipe for Hypertension, CVD, and metabolic trouble.Aim and objective: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there was a relationship between m...

The oxyntic mucosa of digestive tract secretes two peptide hormones, ghrelin and obestatin, which are derived from the same gene transcript and play an important role in food intake, metabolic responses and growth and reproduction. Ghrelin and obestatin bind GH secretagogue receptor GHSR1α and G-protein coupled receptor GPR39 respectively, in the pituitary. A limited data in the literature demonstrate that levels of ghrelin peak during first 2 years of life and thereafter...

Background: Our bodies function optimally when we align our eating & sleeping patterns with our circadian rhythms, the innate 24-hour cycles that tell our bodies when to wake up, when to eat and when to fall asleep. Chronically disrupting this rhythm by eating late night meals & sleep could be a recipe for Diabetes, CVD, and metabolic trouble.Aim and objective: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there was a relationship between morni...

Introduction: Acromegaly is caused by excessive growth hormone production and elevated IGF-1 levels. Annual incidence rates are reported to be between 0.2 and 1.1 cases/100 000 people, with a prevalence of 2.8–13.7 cases/100 000 people. Small numbers make it difficult to differentiate any differences between sex. A recent increase in the number of females diagnosed with acromegaly at our centre, voiced a need for peer and psychological support. It is known that acromegaly...

Introduction: Hypercalcaemia is a common electrolyte disturbance in patients presenting acutely and can be cause or effect of a multitude of disorders. We present four cases, in which the hypercalcaemia masked or unmasked underlying pathology that may have otherwise gone undiagnosed.Case series: A 36-year old man presented with acute pancreatitis after completing a marathon. Bloods: adjusted calcium (cCa) 3.16 mmol/L, phosphate 0.5...