Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular

ea0028p163 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Testosterone replacement therapy has beneficial effects on Cardiovascular risk factors and liver function in hypogonadal men

Brooke Jonathan , Walter Debbie , Muraleedharan Vakkat , Jones T Hugh

Introduction: Low testosterone levels are associated with cardiovascular morbidity and an increased risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH is closely associated with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.AIM: We studied the effect of long-term testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on liver function and cardiovascular risk factors in hypogonadal men.Method: Retrospective audit of 308 hypogonadal men receiving TRT as in...

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ea0028p164 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

The role of metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in adipose tissue inflammation and the development of type 2 diabetes

Fenech Matthew , Swingler Tracey , Gavrilovic Jelena , Sampson Mike , Turner Jeremy

The development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in obesity involves (a) adipose inflammation, and (b) restricted adipose expansion with ectopic lipid deposition. Metalloproteinases (MPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) constitute a key regulatory system in inflammation and tissue remodelling. Evidence of MP and TIMP involvement in adipose tissue inflammation and modulation of adipose expansion is currently restricted to work in adi...

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ea0028p165 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Epigenetic changes in hypothalamic energy regulating pathways implicated in programming of adult offspring

Begum Ghazala , Stevens Adam , Jaquiery Anne , Challis John , Bloomfield Frank , White Anne

There is increased prevalence of obesity and diabetes in offspring from mothers subjected to adverse conditions during pregnancy. Our previous work demonstrated that maternal undernutrition causes epigenetic changes in hypothalamic energy regulating networks in foetal sheep. We hypothesise that these changes will persist into adulthood. Therefore, this study examined the impact of maternal undernutrition on epigenetic and mRNA expression of hypothalamic regulators of energy ba...

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ea0028p166 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Association between low concentration of serum sex hormone binding globulin and insulin resistance is independent of adiposity, but may be attributable to fasting insulin concentration

Wallace Ian , McEvoy Claire , Hamill Lesley , Woodside Jayne , Ennis Cieran , Bell Patrick , Young Ian , McKinley Michelle , Hunter Steven

Introduction: Recently low circulating levels of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) have been shown to be a strong predictor of the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Genetic studies suggest that this may be a primary causal abnormality and the mechanism may relate to effects on insulin resistance.Methods: Insulin resistance was assessed using a two-step euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp (EHC) in 87 (59 male and 28 post-menopausal female) overweight ...

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ea0028p167 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

The Hepatokine Fetuin-A is increased in PCOS women. Association with metabolic syndrome and regulation by metformin

Aghilla Mohamed , Adya Raghu , Tan Bee , Lehnert Hendrik , Ashawesh Khaled , Randeva Harpal

Introduction: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance, visceral obesity -metabolic syndrome (MS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Fetuin-A, human protein: α2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein is an abundant serum protein exclusively expressed in the liver and has been suggested to act as a link between obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and MS.Aims: A) To determine levels of Fetuin-A in PCOS women. B) To invest...

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ea0028p168 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Cholestatic pregnancy has a gender-specific programming effect in mouse adult offspring

Papacleovoulou Georgia , Abu-Hayyeh Shadi , Nikolopoulou Evanthia , Owen Bryn , Nikolova Vanya , Jansen Eugene , Knisely Alex , Williamson Catherine

Alterations in maternal metabolism can programme disease in the offspring. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is a liver disease of pregnancy that presents with increased maternal serum bile acids (BA) and dyslipidaemia. We aimed to investigate whether cholestatic pregnancy affects the subsequent health of the offspring. We developed a cholestatic mouse model by supplementation of a normal chow (NC) diet with 0.5% cholic acid during pregnancy. 18 weeks old female and male o...

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ea0028p169 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Pravastatin does not prevent macrosomia in pregnancy complicated by maternal diabetes

Nadif Raja , Baker Bernadette , Lewis Renshall , Dilworth Mark , Sibley Colin , Baker Philip , Davidge Sandra , Aplin John , Westwood Melissa

Pregnancy complicated by pre-existing or gestational diabetes is associated with increased risk of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. The most common complication, macrosomia, occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy as a result of abnormal placental growth and increased transfer of nutrients to the fetus. We have previously demonstrated using an explant model of human placenta, that statins have the potential to limit placental growth. In this study we tested t...

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ea0028p170 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

The effect of specific micronutrients on appetite

Greenwood Hannah , McGavigan Anne , Ghatei Mohammad , Bloom Stephen , Murphy Kevin

Ingested protein has a greater satiating effect than other macronutrients. The underlying mechanism is unknown, but it has been shown that protein induces greater increases in anorectic gut hormone levels than carbohydrate or fat. It was hypothesised that these effects could be mediated by specific amino acids comprising the protein. We therefore examined the effects of specific amino acids on food intake and gut hormone release. Fasted male Wistar rats received an oral gavage...

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ea0028p171 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Arterial stiffening and increased pressure wave reflection in HIV recipients of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART): the influence of insulin sensitivity, adipokines and autonomic nerve function

Bunce Susan , Sinclair Daivd , Smith Jamie

Background: Treatment of HIV patients with antiretroviral therapies may confer an increased cardiovascular risk, possibly mediated through metabolic perturbations induced by these therapies. We sought to determine whether large arterial stiffening, an early marker and predictor of cardiovascular disease, occurs in HIV recipients of HAART, and if so the plausible mechanisms involved.Methods: In this case-control analysis, 56 HIV subjects (mean age 46 &#17...

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ea0028p172 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Effect of secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (sFRP2) from adipose tissue on pancreatic cell function.

Bujalska Iwona , Rabbitt Elizabeth , Stewart Paul

Background: The detrimental effect of excessive obesity on insulin resistance has been well established. The expansion of adipose tissue is closely dependent on two processes: adipogenesis and angiogenesis and the Wnt signalling pathway has been reported to affect both. In adipose tissue the Wnt signalling pathway functions in a converse manner: increasing commitment of mesenchymal stem cells to preadipocytes and inhibiting differentiation of preadipocytes to mature adipocytes...

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ea0028p173 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Saturated fatty acid-activated macrophage-conditioned medium activates MAP kinases and impairs insulin sensitivity in C2C12 myotubes

Talbot Nicola , Wheeler-Jones Caroline , Cleasby Mark

Skeletal muscle is the principal site for insulin-stimulated glucose disposal but its ability to utilise glucose is diminished by insulin resistance associated with obesity and consequent elevations of free fatty acids (FFAs). Chronic sub-clinical inflammation, characterized by increased macrophage infiltration into obese adipose tissue is a hallmark of the insulin resistance syndrome. However, little is known about the potential role of muscle macrophages in mediating local e...

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ea0028p174 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Reducing glucocorticoid action improves hyperinsulinaemia but not insulin-sensitive glucose or fatty acid turnover in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without fatty liver

Macfarlane David , Raubenheimer Peter , Bastin Mark , Marshall Ian , Andrew Ruth , Walker Brian

Background & Aims: Observational studies implicate glucocorticoid excess, principally due to altered steroid metabolism in target tissues, in both the insulin resistance and liver fat accumulation that accompanies type 2 diabetes. To test the contribution of glucocorticoid signalling to metabolic dysfunction we blocked cortisol secretion (with metyrapone) and action (with the GR antagonist mifepristone) simultaneously in men with type 2 diabetes ± fatty liver.<p c...

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ea0028p175 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

6q24 Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus (TNDM)-16 years of data collection.

Kabwama S , Docherty L , Cook E , Harrison L , Ellard S , Ennis S , Shield J , Mackay D , Temple I

Introduction: TNDM due to genetic aberrations at 6q24 is the commonest cause of diabetes presenting within the first week of life. TNDM predisposes to diabetes mellitus in later life. We report on the clinical presentation of the largest worldwide cohort of 6q24 TNDM cases.Results: 164 cases were analysed. The mean age of presentation was 8 days with a mode of 1 day and maximum age of presentation of 90 days. On average, babies recovered by 4.5 months wi...

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ea0028p176 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Expression of genes regulating mitochondrial fusion and fission in human adipose tissue are influenced by adiposity and bariatric surgery

McCarthy Ciara , Voyias Philip , Antonysunil Adaikala , McGee Kirsty , Harte Alison , Saravanan Ponnusamy , Kyrou Ioannis , Kumar Sudhesh , McTernan Philip , Tripathi Gyanendra

Mitochondria are essential for synthesising ATP required for cellular metabolism. In response to changes in their cellular environment, mitochondria are able to alter their morphology and abundance through the balance of fusion and fission events. The aim of this study was to profile the expression of mitochondrial genes in the abdominal subcutaneous (AbSc) adipose tissue (AT) of lean, obese and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) individuals and determine ...

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ea0028p177 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

The effects of bariatric surgery on the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway in human adipose tissue

Voyias Philip , McCarthy Ciara , Antonysunil Adaikala , Kumasaiyai Warunee , Al Naji Fadi , McGee Kirsty , Harte Alison , Saravanan Ponnusamy , Kyrou Ioannis , McTernan Philip , Tripathi Gyanendra

Background: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in adipose tissue (AT) is critical to the initiation and integration of inflammation and insulin signalling pathways in obese and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. It induces an unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore functional integrity which leads to upregulation of three master regulators of ER; PKR-like ER-regulated kinase (PERK), inositol requiring enzyme1α (IRE1α) and activating transcription factor6 (AT...

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ea0028p178 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Ablation of Peptide YY cells in adult mice reveals a role in beta-cell maintenance

Sam Amir , King Aileen , Hostomska Klara , Persaud Shanta , Liu Bo , Ghatei Mohammad , Bloom Stephen , Bewick Gavin

In the pancreas, PYY is expressed in a subpopulation of non-beta cells in the islets of Langerhans. The role of PYY-expressing cells in the adult pancreas is unknown. We generated a mouse model in which administration of diphtheria toxin (DT) produced specific ablation of PYY-expressing cells in the colon, pancreas and brainstem. Interestingly, DT administration to adult mice resulted in severe hyperglycaemia associated with significant loss of pancreatic insulin and disrupted...

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ea0028p179 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Heterozygosity in the leptin receptor gene predisposes to placental and fetal overgrowth

Nadif Raja , Renshall Lewis , Baker Bernadette , Dilworth Mark , Sibley Colin , Aplin John , Westwood Melissa

Mutations in the leptin receptor gene (Lepr) occur spontaneously in humans and mice and are linked to early onset obesity and diabetes. Mice heterozygous for a signalling-deficient receptor (db/+) are widely used as a model of gestational diabetes that results in fetal macrosomia, but the contribution of the fetal genotype has yet to be evaluated. Eight week old wild type (wt) females (n=8) were mated to db/+ males and db/+ females (n=10) were mated to wt males i...

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ea0028p180 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Circadian dietary rhythms: association with the metabolic syndrome in the 1946 British birth cohort

Almoosawi Suzana , Prynne Celia , Hardy Rebecca , Lennox Alison

Epidemiological evidence suggests that timing of eating and nutrient composition of meals can predict obesity development. However, few studies have examined the association between nutrient composition of eating occasions and prevalence of metabolic syndrome. We examined the association between time-of-day and nutrient composition of eating occasions and long-term development of metabolic syndrome in the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (1946 British birth cohort...

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ea0028p181 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Endothelial function, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis (RAAS) and hypertension: the therapeutic role of potassium supplementation

Graham Una , McCance David , Young Ian , Mullan Karen

There is limited evidence on the effect of potassium (K+) supplementation on endothelial function. Three studies suggest a beneficial effect in healthy volunteers and mild hypertensives. However potassium increases aldosterone due to a direct effect on the adrenal gland and there is evidence that aldosterone excess is detrimental to cardiovascular health. We therefore aimed to determine the effect of potassium supplementation on endothelial function in patients with...

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ea0028p182 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Testosterone Inhibits Key Enzymes of Fatty Acid Synthase and Protects Against Hepatic Steatosis in the Tfm Mouse

Kelly Daniel , Brooke Jonathan , Muraleedharan Vakkat , Akhtar Samia , Channer Kevin , Jones Hugh

Objectives: A clinical feature of insulin resistance is the development of fatty liver (hepatic steatosis). Testosterone deficiency is common in men with type-2 diabetes and is associated with insulin resistance. The testicular feminised mouse (Tfm) exhibits a non-functional androgen receptor (AR) and low circulating testosterone. We have previously shown that a high-cholesterol diet promotes hepatic steatosis in Tfm mice, and testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) attenuates ...

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ea0028p183 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Investigation of the cellular basis of severe hypoglycaemia associated with the AKT2 p.Glu17Lys mutation

Minic Marina , Challis Ben , Rocha Nuno , Huang-Doran Isabel , Barroso Ines , O'Rahilly Stephen , Semple Robert

AKT serine-threonine kinases are critical mediators of both growth and metabolic actions of insulin. AKT2 is believed to exert predominantly metabolic effects, while AKT1 has been more strongly implicated in growth. We have recently reported that the de novo AKT2 p.Glu17Lys mutation produces a sporadic syndrome of severe persistent hypoinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia associated with left-sided hemihypertrophy. Glucose requirements in affected patients are far lower than seen in hyp...

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ea0028p184 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

The adipocyte as an active source of PLA2 isoforms influenced by adiposity, depot specificity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Kumsaiyai Warunee , Harte Alison , Saravanan Ponnusamy , Kyrou Ioannis , Aldaghri Nasser , Al-Attas Omar , Kumar Sudhesh , Tripathi Gyanendra , McTernan Philip

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a member of the phospholipase A2 super family of enzymes that hydrolyse phospholipids, and is upregulated in arterial inflammation, obesity and cardiovascular disease. Secreted soluble Lp-PLA2 (sPLA2) increases arterial inflammation in addition to cytosolic calcium dependent PLA2 (cPLA2) and calcium independent PLA2 (iPLA2). These studies examined the influence of adipose tissue (AT) depots (abdominal subcutaneous (Abd Sc), ...

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ea0028p185 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Association between rs1801260 of the circadian gene CLOCK and lipid and glucose metabolism in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Pernicova Ida , Akinci Baris , Prasai Madhu , Baxter Paul , Scott Eleanor

Introduction: The circadian clock controls numerous aspects of mammalian physiology across the 24 hour day, including lipid and glucose metabolism. Disruption of the core circadian gene CLOCK is associated with the development of obesity, diabetes and the metabolic syndrome in mice. Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) are at increased risk of developing diabetes, dyslipidemia and the metabolic syndrome. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship o...

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ea0028p186 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Mutations of the Chloride/Proton Antiporter, CLC-5, lead to Impaired Endosomal Acidification in Human Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cell-lines

Gorvin Caroline , Wilmer Martijn , Piret Sian , Harding Brian , Lippiat Jonathan , O'Hare Michael , Jat Parmjit , Wrong Oliver , van den Heuvel Lambertus , Levtchenko Elena , Thakker Rajesh

Dents disease is a renal proximal tubular disorder characterised by low-molecular-weight proteinuria, glycosuria, hypercalciuria, phosphaturia, nephrolithiasis and abnormal urinary loss of other proteins which include insulin, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D-binding protein, due to defective receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME). Mutations in CLC-5 cause Dents disease-1 whilst mutations in OCRL1 cause Dents disease-2 and the oculocerebrorenal syndrome o...

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ea0028p187 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Not another case of PCOS

Srinivas V , Temple R , Krishnan L , Hadaddin F

A 17 year old girl was referred to us from the gynaecology department with history of primary amenorrhea. She was otherwise well and previous medical history included severe acne requiring referral to ENT, plastic surgery and dermatology services at age 13 and hirsutism for which she had privately funded laser treatment. On examination she had acanthosis nigricans and BMI of 22 but was virilised with clitoromegaly, hypertrophied labia majora and hirsuitism. Pelvic ultrasound r...

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ea0028p188 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Insulin degludec has a two-fold longer half-life and a more consistent pharmacokinetic profile compared with insulin glargine

Heise Tim , Hovelmann Ulrike , Nosek Leszek , Bottcher Susanne , Granhall Charlotte , Haahr Hanne

Insulin degludec (IDeg) is an ultra-long-acting basal insulin that forms soluble multi-hexamers after injection. These release monomers slowly and continuously to produce a flat and stable glucose-lowering effect. We describe the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of IDeg compared with insulin glargine (IGlar) under steady-state conditions in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This was a randomised, double-blind, two-period crossover study in 66 patients with T1D...

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ea0028p189 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Consumption of ground green coffee influences 11B-HSD1 activity and improves blood pressure and body composition in healthy individuals

Revuelta-Iniesta Raquel , Al-Dujaili Emad

Background: We have recently shown that consumption of green coffee bean extract rich in chlorogenic acid reduces blood pressure and urinary free cortisol levels1. Increased 11β HSD1 (Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type1) activity is implicated in the development of obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of consuming green (GC) and black (BC) coffees on cardiovascular, anthropometrical markers and urinary free glucocor...

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ea0028p190 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Investigating the sites and mechanisms by which peripheral prokineticin 2 administration reduces food intake and body weight in mice

Beale Kylie , Gardiner James , Bewick Gavin , Hostomska Klara , Patel Neekhil , Hussain Syed , Ebling Francis , Jethwa Preeti , Prosser Haydn , Ghatei Mohammad , Bloom Stephen , Dhillo Waljit

Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a neuropeptide expressed in hypothalamic nuclei involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis, and has been shown to acutely reduce food intake in rodents. PK2 binds to and activates two G protein-coupled receptors, the PK receptor 1 (PKR1) and the PK receptor 2 (PKR2). We aimed to determine the sites and receptors which mediate the anorectic effects of peripherally administered PK2 within the CNS. We investigated neuronal activity in the hypothalamu...

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ea0028p191 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Maternal Obesity in Human Pregnancy is Associated with Altered Placental Expression of Key Genes in Fetal Growth During the First Trimester, but not at Term

O'Reilly James , Drake Amanda , Jones Rebecca , Critchley Hilary , Riley Simon , Seckl Jonathan , Reynolds Rebecca

Background: Maternal obesity during pregnancy is associated with adverse effects on fetal growth and development. As the placenta is a key organ regulating fetal growth, we hypothesized that maternal obesity is associated with altered placental expression and DNA methylation of genes regulating fetal growth and glucocorticoid metabolism and aimed to investigate this in first trimester (F; <12 weeks gestation) and term (T;>37 weeks gestation) placental tissues.<p cl...

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ea0028p192 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

The role of metabolic dyslipidaemia in screening for impaired glucose regulation in polycystic ovary syndrome

Aye Myint M , Kahal Hassan , Smith H , Sandeman D , Kilpatrick Eric , Atkin S

Background: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are commonly associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and a family history of diabetes mellitus (DM). They are therefore at risk of diabetes and dyslipidaemia. Diabetes UK (2006) recommends screening for diabetes in PCOS patients who have a body mass index (BMI) ≥30. The recommended test is fasting plasma glucose (FPG). We therefore investigated 55 PCOS patients and 33 healthy volunteers to test the hy...

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ea0028p193 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Annexin A1, an anti-inflammatory regulator, is expressed in human adipocytes

Kosicka-Knox Anna , Cunliffe Adam , Mackenzie Richard , Zariwala Mohammed , Renshaw Derek

Annexin A1 (AnxA1), an endogenous glucocorticoid regulated protein, is a pivotal homeostatic regulator of the magnitude of the inflammatory response. We have previously demonstrated that plasma AnxA1 protein is significantly inversely correlated with waist to hip ratio (P=0.017). Given that low-level systemic inflammation is seen in metabolic syndrome-associated chronic pathologies, here, we investigate if AnxA1 is also involved in the regulation of adipose tissue infla...

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ea0028p194 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Dual effect of arachidonic acid on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ)-dependent action in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Nikolopoulou Evanthia , Parker Malcolm , Christian Mark

Dietary fat has been correlated with obesity since it induces the proliferation and differentiation of pre-adipocytes. However it has become clear that the effect of fat on human health depends on the composition and the nature of fatty acids. Arachidonic acid (AA) is a major omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) with a controversial role in adipocyte differentiation. We investigated the effect of a brief AA exposure on pre-adipocyte differentiation. We show that a short t...

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ea0028p195 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Third agents in treatment of diabetes mellitus, patient motivation and weight reduction

Siddiqi Ahmed

Aim: To review the local clinical practice of use of third agent in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and comparison of clinical efficacy of available third agents and patient motivation with these agents. Method: We used the computerized records of type 2 diabetic patients who were started on third pharmacological agent (tablets, insulin, exenatide or liraglutide) or GLP-1 agonists which may not be the third agent and followed them up for 6 months. Medical notes were used if a...

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ea0028p196 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

The effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients having suboptimal vitamin D level, in an open label, randomized control trial

AlZahrani Mansour , El Nasieh Abdul Rahman , AlShahrani Fahad

Background: Recently, there is evidence to suggest that altered vitamin D and calcium homeostasis may play a role in the development and control of type 2 DM. Objective: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 DM patients.Material and Methods: This is a Randomized controlled clinical trial. The study trial passed through two phases. Phase one: screening of diabetic patients to est...

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ea0028p197 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Superinduction of leptin mRNA in mouse hypothalamic neurons

Imran Ali , Brown Russell , Wilkinson Diane , Wilkinson Paul , Wilkinson Michael

Introduction: We previously reported the novel finding that leptin, and several other fat-derived hormones (adipokines), is expressed and regulated in rat hypothalamus (1). Subsequently leptin (ob) mRNA was found in human, sheep and pig brain, but was surprisingly undetectable in mouse brain. In the present experiments we used a mouse hypothalamic neuronal cell line to investigate possible inhibitory mechanisms that may prevent mouse neurons from expressing ob mRNA. These incl...

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ea0028p198 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

A novel genetic mutation causing MODY 1

Brady Sally , Edwards Mark

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a group of autosomal dominant inherited disorders causing non-insulin-dependent diabetes. MODY is the most common form of monogenic diabetes, accounting for 1-2 % of diabetes in Europe; however it is often misdiagnosed as Type 1 or 2 Diabetes. MODY is caused mainly by mutations in the GCK, HNF1A or HNF4A genes, the two former accounting for 70% of all cases. A molecular genetic diagnosis is important as it can directly alter patie...

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ea0028p199 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Clinical and metabolic profiles of very severely obese pregnant women and their associations with birth weight

Forbes Shareen , Reynolds Rebecca , Harold Graham , Howie Forbes , Denison Fiona , Norman Jane

Introduction: During gestation diminished maternal insulin sensitivity (IS) increases the availability of fuels allowing fetal growth. Very severe obesity (Class III obesity (OB), BMI≥40 kg/m2) is associated with reduced IS but it is 28 how nutrient availability differs and how this impacts on birth weight versus normal pregnancies (CON). Methods: 213 OB (median (interquartile range) 43.2(41.146.3) kg/m2) and 87 CON (BM...

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ea0028p200 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Salt sensitive blood pressure in glucocorticoid receptor deficient mice

Richardson Rachel , Evans Louise , Moorhouse Rebecca , Chapman Karen , Kenyon Christopher , Bailey Matthew

Salt-sensitive hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity. Humans and mice with glucocorticoid receptor haploinsufficiency (GR+/−) are hypertensive, which in mice reflects activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Furthermore, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene polymorphisms associate with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Here we investigated the effect of dietary salt intake on blood pressure, heart and kidney in GR+/− mice...

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ea0028p201 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

24-hour urinary glucocorticoid metabolites are associated with hyperinsulinaemia independent of BMI in patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome

O'Reilly Michael , Hazlehurst John , Lebbe Marie , Stewart Paul , Tomlinson Jeremy , Arlt Wiebke

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a triad of insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and anovulation. PCOS is associated with increased adrenocortical drive and 5alpha-reductase activity, which may have adverse metabolic consequences. Here we analysed the relationship of urinary androgen and glucocorticoid metabolite excretion with markers of insulin resistance in a large PCOS cohort. We compared results from 127 PCOS patients fulfilling Rotterdam diagnostic criteria with 100 B...

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ea0028p202 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Bariatric surgery and Vitamin D deficiency: Pre-operative treatment or post-operative supplementation

Ataullah Zahid , Cheruvu Chandra , Clayton Richard , Varughese George , Varadhan Lakshminarayanan

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is an important treatment option for morbid obesity. The current guidelines recommend testing and supplementation of vitamin D postoperatively. The aim of our study was to assess the need for preoperative proactive supplementation of vitamin D. Methods All patients who had restrictive bariatric surgery (laparoscopic gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy) between January 2010 and June 2011 were included. Data was collected retrospectively from com...

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ea0028p203 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Epigenetic signature of endothelial cells and muscle tissue in the diabetic models of limb ischemia

Mitic Tijana , Floris Ilaria , Meloni Marco , Madeddu Paolo , Emanueli Costanza

Endothelial cells (ECs) may display distorted epigenetic features in diabetes mellitus (DM) but this has not been investigated under combined conditions of diabetes and limb ischemia. Initial screening for histone H3 and H4 trimethylation (me3) and panacetylation of lysine residues (causing transcriptional repression and activation) were conducted using two models of hyperglycemia and ischemia. Human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) were cultured in EGM2 or EBM2 media (low growth f...

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ea0028p204 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Post-partum gestational diabetes management: is fasting blood glucose sufficient?

Narayanaswamy Shakunthala , Ahlquist James

NICE guidelines (2008) recommend that patients with gestational diabetes (GDM) should no longer have post-partum review with glucose tolerance test (GTT), but that fasting blood glucose is sufficient. We have undertaken a retrospective study of post-partum GTT in patients with GDM, to examine whether the 2 hour glucose value adds useful additional information. Notes of 208 patients with GDM in 20032008 were reviewed, and the results of post-partum GTT were collected. 175...

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ea0028p205 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Circadian clock gene BMAL1 is associated with blood pressure but not autonomic function in man

Pernicova Ida , Prasai Madhu , Maqbool Azhar , Robert West , Mary David A.S.G. , Scott Eleanor

Introduction: The circadian clock controls numerous aspects of mammalian physiology across the 24 hour day. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the master clock which coordinates the peripheral clocks in the body, including the pineal clock that receives SCN input via a multisynaptic noradrenergic pathway. Murine studies have shown a role for the core clock gene BMAL1 in the regulation of blood pressure. Selected haplotypes of BMAL1 have previously been associated...

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ea0028p206 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Retention of Leukocytes in the Diabetic Wound Environment

Charnock Jayne , Gallego Enrique , Mace Kimberly

Inadequate wound repair, observed in 15% of diabetics, leads to a chronic wound phenotype and is the leading cause of non-traumatic amputation in the developed world today. Injury induces recruitment of bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) to the wound in response to chemoattactant signals, which then contribute to the repair and regeneration process, initially through their role in the inflammatory response. Both granulocytes and monocytes are fundamental at this early stage, bu...

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ea0028p207 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Effects of Syzygium aromaticum-derived maslinic acid on blood glucose of streptozotocin induced-diabetic rats

Mkhwanazi Blessing , Khathi Andile , Bubuya Masola , van Heerden Fanie , Musabayane Cephas

Available evidence suggests that Syzygium spp ethyl acetate solubles (EAS) contain triterpene mixtures (oleanolic/ursolic acid and methyl maslinate/methyl corosolate) with hypoglycaemic properties in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Accordingly, maslinic acid (MA) was isolated from S. aromaticum. Air-dried powdered flower buds of S. aromaticum were sequentially extracted thrice at 24 h intervals with 3 litres on each occasion of hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetat...

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ea0028p208 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Abstract unavailable....

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ea0028p209 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Expression and metabolic function of androgen receptor in mouse adipose tissue

Turton James , Rosell Mane Meritxell , Daniel Eleni , Parker Malcolm , Cinti Saverio , Frontini Andrea , Hardy Kate , Franks Stephen , Christian Mark

Hyperandrogenism in women, most typically in polycystic ovary syndrome, is associated with insulin resistance and altered morphology and function of adipose tissue but little is known about the direct effects of androgen on adipose. The aims of this study were to investigate (1) distribution and relative abundance of androgen receptor (AR) in mouse adipose tissue (2) effect of temperature on AR expression in brown and white adipose depots (BAT, WAT) and (3) effects of androgen...

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ea0028p210 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

High Ankle Brachial Index and its associations in South Asians

Brockway Michael , Merick Minnie , Ishfaq Tasneem , Mahmood Hadiyah , Scally Andrew , Kain Kirti

Introduction: South Asians have low prevalence of peripheral arterial disease as measured only by low Ankle-Brachial-Index (ABI<0.9). Prevalence of high ABI is 5.58% (ABI≥1.3) and is associated with cardiovascular risk in Europeans.Aim: We studied high ABI: its prevalence and cardiovascular risk factor associations in South Asians.Methods: Adult South Asians (Indians, Pakistanis, and Bangladeshis) (n=274) and...

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ea0028p211 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Effect of Testosterone on Cholesterol Synthesis and Efflux in the Liver of the Testicular Feminised (Tfm) Mouse

Kilby Elizabeth , Kelly Daniel , Akhtar Samia , Muraleedharan Vakkat , Channer Kevin , Jones Hugh

Objectives: Symptomatic hypogonadism is common in obese men with type-2 diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and is now an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) improves cholesterol metabolism in hypogonadal men with T2DM and/or MetS. We have previously shown that a non-functional androgen receptor (AR) and low levels of circulating testosterone in the testicular feminised (Tfm) mouse is associated with elevated ch...

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ea0028p212 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Exposure to elevated glucose prior to differentiation re-programs the cellular secretory pathway in fetal hepatocytes

Gardner David , Wells Catherine , Welham Simon

Various programming stimuli have been postulated to permanently influence fetal development with the common result that offspring exhibit differing degrees of insulin resistance. We set out to establish whether protein restriction, high glucose, glucocorticoid or alcohol exposure might exert their effects directly using a derived population of fetal hepatocytes. Cells were isolated from fetal mouse livers (n=10) at embryonic day 12. Fetal livers were rinsed in phosphate...

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ea0028p213 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Chronic or intermittent exposure to Oleic acid (MUFA) induces a greater NFκB activated inflammatory response than Eicosapentaenoic acid (PUFA) in differentiated human adipocytes

Piya Milan , Harte Alison , McGee Kirsty , Reddy Narendra , Tripathi Gyanendra , McTernan Philip , Kumar Sudhesh

Replacement with mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) or poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) reduces inflammation in the pre-diabetic subjects but the benefits are unclear in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our aim was to investigate whether saturated fatty acids (SFA), MUFA and PUFA produce a similar adipocyte inflammatory response, which may explain the rationale for maintained systemic inflammation noted in subjects with T2DM. The differentiated human preadipo...

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ea0028p214 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Effects of Syzygium aromaticum-derived maslinic acid on blood glucose of streptozotocin induced-diabetic rats

Mkhwanazi Blessing , Masola Bubuya , van Heerden Fanie , Musabayane Cephas

Available evidence suggests that Syzygium spp ethyl acetate extract solubles (EAS) contain triterpene constituents; oleanolic acid (OA), ursolic acid (UA) and methyl maslinate with hypoglycaemic properties. The effects of maslinic acid (MA) on blood glucose in type 1 diabetes mellitus are, however, unclear. Accordingly, we evaluated anti-hyperglycaemic effects of MA in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, an experimental model for type 1 diabetes. Extraction and fractio...

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ea0028p215 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Investigation and Management of Primary Aldosteronism - A Review of Cases and Audit of Outcomes in a Tertiary Referral Centre

Currie Gemma , O'Dwyer Patrick , Connell John , Freel Marie

Primary aldosteronism (PA) accounts for up to 15% of cases of hypertension, and associates with increased cardiovascular morbidity. Specific treatment options include mineralocorticoid antagonists or adrenalectomy; the latter offers cure although reported rates vary between 2060%. The role of adrenal vein sampling (AVS) in diagnosing PA remains controversial. By reviewing casenotes of PA patients treated surgically and comparing with matched medically managed PA patients...

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ea0028p216 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Severe Acute Mountain Sickness and Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Humans

Stacey Mike , Mellor Adrian , Boos Christopher , Smith Chris , Hooper Tim , Jo Yarker , Hodkinson Pete , Green Nic , Woods David

We have previously reported that exercise at high altitude (HA) led to a significant increase in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels. In contrast two other publications have reported no change in resting BNP at HA. We therefore measured BNP and Lake Louise (LL) Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) scores in a further 20 subjects at rest in Kathmandu (Kat; 1300 m); and following exercise and at rest at 4270 m and 5150 m. Compared with the baseline BNP level at Kat (9.2+/−2 pg...

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ea0028p217 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Haemoglobin A1c in diagnosis of impaired glucose regulation in polycystic ovary syndrome

Aye Myint M , Kahal H. , Hooson F. , Sathyapalan T. , Atkin S. , Kilpatrick E.

Introduction: Impaired glucose regulation (IGR) is usually defined as impaired fasting glucose (IFG, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is between 6.1 to 6.9 mmol/L) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT, 2 hour postprandial glucose (PPG) is 7.8 to 11 mmol/L). More recently, a haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 42 but <47 mmol/mol has been suggested to indicate an increased diabetes risk. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are strongly associated with insulin resistance a...

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ea0028p218 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Unique roles of CRH-Rs controlling adipocyte biology and transdifferentiation

Lu Buyu , Markovic D. , Pessin Jeff , Lehnert Hendric , Grammatopoulos Dimitris

In addition to well established role in coordinating mammalian adaptive responses to stressful stimuli, the family of stress peptides that includes corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and urocortins (Ucns) are emerging as important regulators of the homeostatic mechanisms regulating energy balance and metabolism. CRH acting through specific G-protein coupled receptors, CRH-R1 and R2 can target multiple peripheral tissues such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue...

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ea0028p219 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Metabolic profile of Type 2 diabetes Indian Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery – a Tertiary Care Centre experience

Siddiqui Mohammad , Wangnoo Subhash

With increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in India, macrovascular complications are also on the rise. We undertook a retrospective study to evaluate the metabolic profile of type 2 diabetes patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) at our centre. Clinical data on 672 consecutive patients undergoing elective CABG was included from the hospital data base after informed consent and ethics committee approval. Mean age of the patients was 49.7±9.5 years; 5...

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ea0028p220 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Regulation of Hypothalamic Resistin and FIAF gene expression by Rosiglitazone and All-Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA)

Brown Russell , Imran Ali , Wilkinson Michael

Introduction: Adipokines, such as resistin and fasting-induced adipose factor (FIAF), are implicated in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and regulated by nuclear receptors like peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), and retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα). Primarily expressed in murine fat, we also showed that these adipokines are expressed in the mouse hypothalamus, as well as in N-1 hypothalamic neurons. We hypothesized that rosiglitazone (R...

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ea0028p221 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Screening for Anxiety and Depression in type 2 diabetes

Jolly Karan , Chohan Tanveer , Sara Jaskanwal , Shakher Jayadave

Introduction: Patients with diabetes are twice as likely to have anxiety and depression compared to general population. Diabetic patients with depressive symptoms are less likely to adhere to dietary recommendations and treatment regime leading to poor glycaemic control. Evidence has shown that the treatment of psychological conditions can lead to improvement in health outcomes.Aims: To investigate the effectiveness of using a brief questionnaire to scre...

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ea0028p222 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Exercise increases plasma adiponectin and bound leptin, and decreases Plasma free leptin in Overweight Young Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Ashawesh Khaled , Aghilla Mohammed , Randeva Harpal

Introduction: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity, lipid abnormalities, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and hypertension. Exercise is reported to lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and improve reproductive health. The effect of exercise on plasma adiponectin and the components of leptin system, namely plasma free (FL) and bound (BL) leptin concentrations, have not been previously...

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ea0028p223 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Inpatient hypoglycaemia management

Sobajo Cassandra , Rao-Balakrishna Prasanna

Introduction: Inappropriate meal to insulin timing, poor appetite, tight glycaemic control, cardiac, renal or hepatic impairment and sepsis are seen in association with hypoglycaemia. Poor understanding of these risks and management of hypoglycaemia(hypo) remain challenging. Hypo management guidelines and hypoboxes with standardized 15 g of dextrose in various forms were introduced throughout the hospital in November 2010 after an audit in 2009 revealed poor understanding of t...

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ea0028p224 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

A comparison of the neuronal populations within the nucleus tractus solitarius activated by peripheral administration of glucagon, GLP-1 and oxyntomodulin

Parker Jennifer , Tadross John , Field Benjamin , Minnion James , Bloom Stephen

The preproglucagon derived peptides glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and oxyntomodulin are all known to inhibit appetite and have been previously shown to activate the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in the brainstem. The NTS is involved in the processing of signals transmitted from the periphery to the brain via the vagus nerve. The anorectic effects of peripherally administered glucagon and GLP-1 have been shown to be diminished or ablated by subdiaphragmatic vagot...

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ea0028p225 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Pulse wave velocity, ankle-brachial index and transient ischaemic Attack

Khatoon Mehvish , Kain Kirti

Introduction: Increased pulse wave velocity (PWV) has a U-shaped relation with low <0.9 and high >1.3 abnormal ankle-brachial index (ABI). Increased PWV and abnormal ABI are associated with increased stroke risk. Transient Ischaemic Attack increases the 90-day stroke risk by 2050%. Studies of PWV in TIA, however, are limited.Methods: A detailed medical history was taken from 17 TIA patients and 28 controls. PWV was measured using the Vicord...

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ea0028p226 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Severe insulin resistance syndrome with leptin resistance

Gregorio Maria Tamiko , Manabat Cynthia , Llanto Nelia Frances

Case summary: A 69-year-old female, known hypertensive and diabetic, with history of hyperthydroidism, s/p Subtotal Thyroidectomy, s/p TAHBSO secondary to Myoma uteri, consulted for a regular check-up. Patient presented with a fasting blood glucose of 17.7 mmol/L and HBA1C was 11.4%. Pertinent physical findings includes ancanthosis nigrican, bilateral grade II pitting edema, and elevated blood pressure (200/100 mMHg) hence, was advised to be admitted. During the course of admi...

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ea0028p227 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Evaluation of overnight dexamethasone suppression test in obese individuals

Hafeez Kashif , Meshykhi Layla

Introduction: Obesity is becoming a major health concern and it is one of the common referrals seen in the Endocrine clinics for evaluation and further management. Cushings syndrome is one of the rare causes of Obesity particularly central but may be general.Overnight Dexamethasone suppression test(ODST)is used as screening test for Cushings Syndrome.Suppression of Cortisol to 80 nmol/l after ODST is expected in most of the normal individuals,one of the difficultie...

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ea0028p228 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Lithium induced diabetes insipidus presenting with a hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state triggered by H1N1 influenza

Venkataraman Hema , Shah Pooja , Merza Zayd

A 69 year old lady with a known history of bipolar disorder presented with confusion, falls, cough and pyrexia. Initial blood test revealed a sodium of 153 mmol/l, potassium 4.7 mmol/l, urea 13.1 mmol/l and creatinine 230 μmol/litre, PH 7.35 and bicarbonate 23. A repeat test few hours later revealed a sodium of 164 mmol/l, serum osmolality 349 mosm/kg and blood glucose 30.3 mmol/l. Urine ketones negative. Her 24 hours urine output went up to 9000 ml and her sodium to 175 ...

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ea0028p229 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

A putative role for amino acids in appetite regulation

McGavigan Anne , Greenwood Hannah , Kinsey-Jones James , Ghatei Mohammed , Bloom Stephen , Murphy Kevin

Obesity is a major worldwide health problem with limited treatment options. Recent research has highlighted the importance of gastrointestinal (GI) nutrient sensing in the regulation of food intake and metabolism. Protein as a macronutrient induces the strongest feeling of satiety per calorie. However, different types of protein have varying effects on appetite, suggesting protein induced satiety may be due to the specific amino acids generated by protein digestion. We have id...

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ea0028p230 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Devolving diabetes care to general practice

Hussain Arshad , Durkan Maeve , Alarrayed Hamed , Asfour Jude

In Ireland, we are devolving management of diabetes to primary care. Recent studies highlight the importance of early glycemic (metabolic memory) & multifactorial control. Our hospitalnewpatient waiting lists average 18 months and for best practice, this is time lost. We established a pilot program for a rapid assessment to reduce waiting times and ensure specialist input. This is a retrospective review of our 50 patients thus far. 30% w...

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ea0028p231 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Improvement in testosterone post bariatric surgery

Rajeswaran Chinnadorai , Stewart Jennifer , Thida Myat , Min AyeAye , Chadha Mehak , Sowdi Poornima , Thiagarajan Srinivasan Balasubramanian

Introduction: Obesity is known to be associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Hypogonadism is an established risk factor for cardio vascular disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). However there is paucity on the evidence on improvement in testosterone with bariatric surgery. We report two patients with normalisation of testosterone after bariatric surgery.Case Reports: Patient One 69 year old with BMI 40 and T2DM, hypertension, ischaemic hear...

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ea0028p232 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Is obesity the maine cause of metabolic syndrome in Saudi female

Bahathiq Adil , Murad Nadea

Abstract: The present work aim to find out if obesity is one of the major causes of metabolic syndrome in Saudi females.Material and Methods: 1356 volunteers were participated in this study ,they were from three age group from (612), (1315) and (1618). According to (BMI) and WC percentage the participated children were divided into four groups 10.8% were under weight, 58.6% were normal, 15.2% were overweight and 15.3% were obese BMI and...

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ea0028p233 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

A case of protamine allergy- why is immunological investigations important?

Gururaj Sowmya , Gallagher Alison

Insulin allergy has become uncommon (<1%) with the wider use of human and analogue insulin in recent decades. We report a case of multiple analogue insulin allergy. A 71 year old woman with an eleven year history of Type 2 diabetes was referred to our Diabetes service. She had a BMI of 37.5 kg/m2. She was in tolerate of metformin. HbA1c was 12.4% on gliclazide and sitagliptine. She was commenced on Novomix 30. Within four days of therapy, she developed generalis...

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ea0028p234 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Renal sodium dependent glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2): A neoteric target for treatment of type2 diabetes mellitus

Ahmed Danish

Contemporary therapies to trim down the hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) generally involve insulin-dependent mechanisms and lose their effectiveness as pancreatic b-cell function decreases to a greater extent. Kidney emerges out as a novel and potential target to trim down the T2DM. The filtered glucose is reabsorbed principally through the sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2), a low affinity transport system, which are present at the luminal surface cells ...

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ea0028p235 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2012

Hypoglycaemia documented with continuous glucose sensing in a case of “dead in bed”

Waheed Najeeb , Butt Muhammad , Dayan Colin

We report a 41 yr old man who was found dead in his bed with a continuous glucose monitoring device in situ. He had type 1 diabetes diagnosed at age 14 years. He had poor glycaemic control during his teenage years and suffered from severe hypoglycaemic episodes and reduced hypoglycaemic awareness resulting in three road traffic accidents. His diabetes was complicated by proliferative retinopathy, nephropathy and peripheral neuropathy. He began continuous subcutaneous insulin p...

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Society for Endocrinology BES 2012

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