Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Pregnancy presents a state of insulin resistance that can predipose diabetes development in some women, and is associated with increased risk for neonate and for mother. Gestational diabetes is a period of glucose intolerance that manifests at the beginning of the third trimester.

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse glycoregulation in healthy pregnant women.

Materials and methods: This study included 77 healthy pregnant women in third trimester registered in centre for endocrinology CC Kragujevac that were tested, according to positive 3 h OGTT with 100 g glucose (ADA Criteria), with specifying glycaemia and insulinaemia in 0, 60, 120, and 180 min, and HbA1c. According to OGTT results we divided patients in two groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Results: Patients were average 30.8±4.7 (19–41) years old. It was shown that there was impact the number of risk factors on degree of glucose tolerance disorder (P=0.034), while most of patients had no risk factor (48%). The average glycaemia during OGTT in NTG vs GDM in 0 min was 3.92±0.43 vs 4.39±0.46 in 120 min, 6.34±0.99 mmol/l vs 7.14±1.4 mmol/l. From 77 patients, 18 was with GDM (23.3%). As pregnancy progress, disorder of glucose tolerance increased (in second and third trimesters), while 4 weeks after delivery all were with NGT. The average insulinaemia during pregnancy was the greater during third trimester in 0 and 60 min in GDM group, in NTG vs GDM in 0 min was 30.81±14.81 vs 33.33±16.29, while in 120 min was 198.1±144.25 μIU/ml vs 200.77±120.82 μIU/ml. The average HbA1c during pregnancy was: NTG vs GDM 5.06±0.29% vs 5.1±0.27%.

Conclusion: This research brought for the first time established values of glycaemia during OGTT in healthy women in our population during third trimester, and showed increased prevalence of GDM.