Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common not transmised disease in the world. Obesity is the main risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Both conditions are responsible of a significant increase in morbidity and mortality.

The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of diabetes and fasting hyperglycemia in the general population and to compare this prevalence in obese and non-obese subjects.

Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted among a sample of individuals aged between 18 and 64 years living in the province of Algiers. The diabetes is defined by blood glucose levels >1.26 g/l in fasting blood twice or >2 g/l whatever the time of day. The IFG is defined by a fasting glucose between 1.10 and 1.26 g/l.

Results: Our survey covered a sample of 2210 individuals (1583 men and 627 women).

- The average blood glucose is 1.023 g/l (0.24–1.8).

- A moderate fasting hyperglycemia is found in 15.52% of individuals.

- A history of known diabetes was found in 7.65% of individuals.

- A diabetes mellitus was detected in 11.45% of sample.

The multi-varied analysis of subjects with global obesity (BMI>30 kg/m²) showed that the known diabetics were not more obese than non-diabetics: OR 1.17 (95% CI 0.77–1.78) P=0.471. The pre diabetics and diabetes screened during our survey are more obese than non-diabetics. Pre diabetes: OR=1.4 (95% CI 1.04–1.87) P<0.02. Diabetics screened: OR=1.4 (95% CI 1.67–3.17) P<0.001.

Concerning abdominal obesity (IDF criteria) the same observation was made for known diabetics with global obesity OR =1.22 (95% CI 0.66–1.188) P>0.05. Pre- diabetics screened have not more risk for abdominal obesity than non-diabetic OR =1.25 (95% CI 0.91–1.72) P>0.05 unlike screened diabetes OR =1.62 (95% CI 1.68–2.42) P=0.018.

Conclusion: Obesity plays a key role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, early treatment of obesity is essential in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.