Endocrine Abstracts

Many surveys have shown that children are ubiquitously exposed to endocrine disruptors (EDs) like bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, and many laboratory studies have shown these EDs have adverse effects related to hormone secretion, while the evidence on infants’ mini-puberty has not been observed yet. A prospective cohort was recruited at the early maternal pregnancy stage by the Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Daishan, China, from March 2012...

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism of gene regulation that can be modified during intrauterine and postnatal life. Pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) present elevated androgen and insulin levels, which can affect the DNA methylation pattern of their offspring. Then, we studied the global DNA methylation pattern (GDNAm) in daughters and sons born to PCOS women compared to controls. Daughters (99 born to PCOS and 87 born to control women) and sons (74 b...

Background: 50% of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) will have dental involvement of some degree including dentinogenesis imperfecta and a severe malocclusion. OI is the most common inherited disorder of bone fragility in children, increasing fracture risk 100-fold.Aim: To assess the utilisation of tertiary dental services by children and young people with OI attending a supra-regional multidisciplinary OI service and review of the pathology ide...

Background: The age at adiposity rebound (AR), at which BMI begins to rise after infancy around the age of 5 years, is associated with obesity and metabolic alteration in later life. Given that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has strong metabolic components, early growth patterns could reveal predisposition for PCOS. Thus, we aimed to investigate the associations of growth trajectories from birth to puberty with PCOS diagnosis,vbody composition and hyperandrogenism later in a...

Research indicates the relationship between beast and thyroid gland. Breast tissue contains the highest concentrations of iodine, so shortfalls in this essential mineral needs have a highly negative impact on breast tissue (R. Thompson, 2015).Purpose: The study was undertaken to estimate the frequency of the breasts diseases in adolescent girls with endemic goiter.Patients and methods: The study included 2371 girls (aged 10–18...

PCOS is one of the most common cause of infertility in women during their reproductive years. High proportion of women with PCOS develop IR in peripheral tissues like skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, which may begin at the adolescent years when young women exhibit an increase in circulanting androgens. Studies in women with PCOS and animal models of PCOS have suggested alterations in insulin signaling pathways in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. However, at the present t...

Introduction: The demand of health care for people with gender incongruence (IG) has grown exponentially especially in young population. Due to this, there is a growing number of studies that show psychological conflicts and social functioning in those individuals who have not received gender-affirming treatment with medical intervention (pubertal block, hormone or surgical treatment) and social intervention. However, the data published so far do not represent the European cou...

Background: Birth weight is a marker and predictor of metabolic diseases in adult life. Fetal growth depends on the availability of nutrients, in turn cross the placental barrier by means of special cells called syncytiotrophoblasts, which express specific transporters for each type of nutrient. Glucose, the main energetic substrate for fetal development, is transported via facilitated diffusion, through glucose transporter proteins (GLUTs). Several investigations have focused...

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is known to predispose offspring to metabolic diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms has not been thoroughly studied yet. The glucocorticoid receptor gene or nuclear receptor sub-family 3, group C, member 1 (NR3C1) may predispose to type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and depression. NR3C1 gene showed significantly decreased methylation levels in cord blood and placenta from GDM women compared wit...

Background: Turner syndrome (TS) predisposes to autoimmune diseases such as thyroiditis, coeliac disease, diabetes mellitus type 1, inflammatory bowel diseases, alopecia and vitiligo. The prevalence of autoimmunity increases with age and more than one autoimmune disease can coexist together in one patient. The possible factors leading increased autoimmunity in TS are not clear.Aim: To compare the panel of autoimmunity markers in 37 TS girls (40.5% with 4...