Endocrine Abstracts

Endocrinopathy is common in patients with HIV and presents a distinct series of challenges. Polypharmacy is common (both of prescribed and non-prescribed drugs) with the potential for drug-drug interactions and endocrine adverse effects of longterm medication. Structural pathology is also commoner than in the general population with the potential for both tumours and atypical infections affecting endocrine organs. Altered binding proteins are common, particularly high SHBG, af...

Paget’s disease of bone is the second most common metabolic bone disease after osteoporosis. It is a condition characterised by abnormal bone cellular activity resulting in the formation of disorganised (and weaker) bone. Paget’s disease can affect single or multiple bones. In many cases it may be asymptomatic, however it can often be associated with pain affecting the pagetic bone or there may be ‘peri-pagetic’ pain related to altered biomechanics due to c...

Evidence is emerging from the UK and elsewhere that: (a) endocrine clinics are reservoirs of undiagnosed thyroid eye disease (TED); (b) the interval from onset of symptoms of TED to diagnosis and treatment often exceeds 1 year; (c) simple interventions that can be initiated in the endocrine clinic can reverse mild TED and prevent progression; (d) immunosuppressive treatments work best in the first 9 months. Early detection of TED is a fundamental part of management and can be ...

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The physiological effects of glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) are of great interest because of their potential clinical relevance. GLP-1 is secreted by the L-cells of the distal ileum and colon in response to nutrient ingestion. It acts as an incretin hormone and augments glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the pancreas. The use of GLP-1 agonists for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) is well established. However, GLP-1 has several other physiological functions. It acts ...

Sweating in the absence of any physiological precipitant can be extremely distressing and unpleasant. Primary hyperhydrosis, usually affecting the palms of the hands, soles of the feet and the axillae, usually presents in teenage years and is managed by dermatologists. Secondary hyperhydrosis usually develops later in life, is more generalised and may be associated with flushing. The differential diagnosis is very long and includes systemic illness (such as lymphoma and chroni...