Endocrine Abstracts

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Hypercalcaemia is common and can represent a broad spectrum of underlying diseases that range from common to extremely rare. Furthermore, causes of hypercalcaemia can be mild and indolent or may be rapidly progressive and represent serious underlying diseases such as cancers. It is thus important to have a clear understanding of hypercalcaemia, particularly its early assessment and management that will lead to a diagnosis of the underlying cause. Hypercalcaemia can present as ...

Acute hypocalcaemia can be a serious and potentially fatal medical emergency while chronic hypocalcaemia may be debilitating and is often associated with reduced quality of life. The usual aetiology of hypocalcaemia is hypoparathyroidism which is sufficiently rare to be officially recognised as an ‘orphan’ condition. Other causes of hypocalcaemia include vitamin D deficiency and hypomagnesaemia secondary to proton pump inhibitor therapy. The relative rarity of hypopa...