Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Arterial hypertension (AH) and 2 type diabetes mellitus (2TDM) are the critical risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Catestatin (CTS) is known as a marker of AH via its antiadrenergic and vasodilating actions, but also can improve insulin sensitivity.

Objective: To investigate the relations between CTS levels and parameters of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with AH, including AH with 2TDM, and establish the prognostic potential of CTS among this population of patients.

Materials and Methods: The present study was designed as a single-center cross-sectional study and performed in accordance with all ethical principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee. Each study participant signed a written informed consent prior to any protocol procedures. We enrolled in the study 136 subjects, moreover, 106 of them had primary AH and 30 are healthy volunteers. Furthermore, 51 hypertensive patients have comorbid 2TDM. The diagnosis of AH was established according to the 2018 ESC/ESH guidelines for the management of AH. The diagnosis of 2TDM was determined according to the 2022 ADA Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. The clinical examination and medical history data, as well as blood samples, were collected at the screening visit. The routine biochemistry parameters were analyzed on the same day. The plasma samples for CTS determinations were stored at -80°C for later analysis. Plasma CTS levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using a commercial kit (E4996Hu, BT Lab, Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The data were presented as a mean±SD. Statistical significance was defined as P<0,05. Statistical data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (SPSS 25.0 for Windows, IBM, Armonk, NY, USA).

Results: The mean CTS concentration was 5,38±1,22 ng/ml. CTS plasma levels were significantly lower in patients with AH in comparison with control subjects (5,02±1,09 vs. 6,64±0,72 ng/ml; P<0,001). Moreover, the patient with AH and 2TDM had significantly decreased CTS levels compared with the hypertensive patient without 2TDM (4,47±1,16 vs. 5,61±0,61ng/ml; P<0,001). CTS significantly negatively correlated with such characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism as insulin (r=-0,382; P<0,001), glucose (r=-0,45; P<0,001), index HOMA-IR (r=-0,481; P<0,001), and HbA1c (r=-0,525; P<0,001).

Conclusions: In this study, we established the negative associations between CTS levels and parameters of carbohydrate metabolism, which allows us to consider CTS as a predictor of the development of 2TDM and determines its future diagnostic potential for both AH and 2TDM.