Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Major risk factors for cardiovascular disease and outcome include, though not limited to, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity. In the wake of present urbanization, the prevalence of these risk factors has increased, impacting greatly on disease burden.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of undiagnosed Diabetes, Hypertension, Obesity and associated demographic factors in a market population in Lagos, Nigeria.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 85 Traders in Lagos, Nigeria. Data were collected on age, gender, blood glucose levels, blood pressure, height and weight. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 26. Variables were presented with frequency and percentage. Bivariate analysis was carried out using chi-square test.

Results: The majority of recruited participants were females, with a male: female ratio of 1: 2.5. The mean age is 46.31±10.9 with one-fourth of the participants less than 40 years (28.2%). The prevalence of undiagnosed Hypertension was 54.12%, with no association between age and gender. The prevalence of obesity was 52.94% with a higher rate in older adults age (P=0.003) and female gender (P=0.023). The prevalence of diabetes was only 10.6 % with a significant association with age. The commonest combination of risk factors was hypertension and obesity (30.6%) with 72.9% of participants having at least one of the risk factors. Overall 98% of participants with hypertension, 95% with obesity and 100% of participants with diabetes mellitus were unaware they had these conditions.

Conclusion: The study captures the increased prevalence and low awareness of cardiovascular risk factors within an urban population in Lagos, Nigeria, Regular screenings are needed in these populations for early detection and management of cardiovascular risk factors, to reduce morbidities and mortalities.