Correlation between kalemia and biochemical parameters in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis

Ines Mezghani; Omaima Hammami; Rim Marrakchi; Faten Hajkacem; Mariem Boudaya; Kamel Jammoussi; Nabila Rekik; Mohamed Abid; Mouna Turki

doi:10.1530/endoabs.99.EP505

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Endocrine Abstracts (2024) 99 EP505 | DOI: 10.1530/endoabs.99.EP505

ECE2024 Eposter Presentations Diabetes, Obesity, Metabolism and Nutrition (383 abstracts)

Correlation between kalemia and biochemical parameters in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis

Ines Mezghani ¹ , Omaima Hammami ¹ , Rim Marrakchi ¹ , Faten Hajkacem ² , Mariem Boudaya ¹ , Kamel Jammoussi ¹ , Nabila Rekik ² , Mohamed Abid ² & Mouna Turki ¹

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¹Hedi-Chaker University Hospital, Biochemistry Departement, sfax, Tunisia; ²Hedi-Chaker University Hospital, Endocrinology Departement, sfax, Tunisia

Introduction: Ketoacidosis is a frequent and life-threatening complication of diabetes. Our aim was to study the Correlation between kalemia and biochemical parameters in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study concerning all patients hospitalized in the Endocrinology Department for Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) between August 2021 to December 2022. Acidosis markers were measured using an ABL 80 FLEX blood gas analyser, and the biochemical parameters using the DXI 700 AU (Beckman Coulter) analyser. IBM SPSS was used for statistical analyses.

Results: Out of 30 patients, 19 (63,3%) patients had type 1 diabetes and 11(36.7%) had type 2 diabetes. The mean age of patients was 26.7±10.4 years (type 1 diabetes 22±6.5 years; type 2 diabetes 34.9±11 years). The sex-ratio (H/F) was 0.66. There was significant difference in the initial laboratory evaluation between type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients only for the pH and serum bicarbonate (P=0.010 and P=0.024, respectively). Among patients, 26.66% had hypokalaemia (potassium concentration (k⁺C) <3.3 mmol/l), 16.66% had k⁺C between 3.3 and 3.5 mmol/l. In 26.66% of cases the k⁺C was between 3.5 and 4 mmol/l and 16.66% of patients had k⁺C between 4 and 4.5 mmol/l. In 10% of patients the k⁺C was between 4.5 and 5 mmol/l. Only one patient was presented with hyperkalemia. The mean age of the group who presented hypokalemia was 27.12 years±8.62 and 50% of them were Type 1 diabetes. None of the patients had neuromuscular or electrical signs of dyskalemia. Potassium levels were correlated with serum glucose(r=0.523), glycated hemoglobin (r=0.468), pH (r=0.597), serum bicarbonate(r=-0.380), PCO2(r=0.309), PO2(r=0.257) and creatinine(r=0.293).

Conclusion: Hypokalemia was observed in 26.66% of patients with DKA. Further research is needed to better determine the risks and benefits of administering insulin before obtaining serum potassium values.