Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT1849

Introduction and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent disease that can affect nutritional status as well as muscle mass and function. This study aims to evaluate the differences in nutritional status, through the analysis of morphofunctional and biochemical assessment parameters, of patients with diabetes and disease-related malnutrition (DRE) or high nutritional risk, at baseline and three months after starting specific nutritional supplementation.

Material and Methods: We selected 15 patients assessed in nutritional prehabilitation consultations, with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and digestive cancer, with DRE or high nutritional risk according to GLIM criteria, undergoing active cancer treatment (chemotherapy, surgery). A nutritional support programme was initiated with dietary recommendations, exercise and specific supplementation for people with type 2 diabetes. Anthropometric, biochemical and morphofunctional assessments were performed using vector bioimpedance (BIVA), at the first consultation and at a 3-month review. Differences were analysed using SSPS v.24 statistical software. A value of P <0.05 was considered statistically significant and trend to statistical significance P <0.1.

Results: Mean age 71.3 years (SDS 8.2). Three months after the start of nutritional supplementation, all morphofunctional parameters measured by BIVA (FFM, FFMI, FM, FMI, SM, SMI, SMI, ASM, ASMI) had increased. In particular, weight (69 vs 71kg; P <0.1), BMI (26.5 vs 27.2 kg/m²; P <0.1) and appendicular skeletal mass (ASM) (17.8 vs 18.3 kg; P <0.1) had improved with a trend towards statistical significance. At the biochemical level, three months after the start of nutritional supplementation (baseline vs 3 months): - Vitamin D (12.5 vs 29.7; P <0.05), folic acid (13.8 vs 15.8; P <0.1), albumin (4.19 vs 4.27; NS), pre-albumin (21.9 vs 24.1; NS) and glomerular filtration rate (78 vs 86; P <0.1) levels improved. - Inflammation markers leucocytes (7909 vs 6298; P <0.1), PCR (44.3 vs 22.7; NS) and ferritin (299 vs 206, P <0.036), decreased. Glycaemic control showed no variation (HbA1c 6.5% vs 6.36%; NS), (haemoglobin 12.1 vs 12.4; NS).

Conclusions: The implementation of a nutritional support programme in routine medical practice, based on dietary recommendations, exercise and specific supplementation for people with type 2 diabetes with malnutrition or high nutritional risk, improved morphofunctional and biochemical outcomes in our cohort of oncology patients.