Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT204

Introduction: Autoimmune thyrogastric syndrome is a rare condition characterized by the co-occurrence of autoimmune thyroid disease and gastric disorders, often associated with autoimmune gastritis. The syndrome can lead to both thyroid dysfunction and digestive symptoms, presenting diagnostic challenges due to the overlap of clinical manifestations. The aim of this study is to explore the clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with autoimmune thyrogastric syndrome.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with autoimmune thyrogastric syndrome at our institution. Clinical data, including thyroid function tests, gastric biopsy results, and serological markers (such as anti-thyroid antibodies and anti-intrinsic factor antibodies), were collected. Additionally, we assessed patients’ clinical outcomes following treatment with thyroid hormone replacement therapy and vitamin B12 injections. Gastroscopy was performed to assess the presence of autoimmune gastritis and other gastric abnormalities.

Results: A total of 12 patients (9 women, 3 men) were included in the study. The mean age at diagnosis was 48.5 years (range: 35-70 years). Of these patients, 10 had autoimmune hypothyroidism, 2 had hyperthyroidism, and 9 were diagnosed with autoimmune gastritis. Positive anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies were found in 10 patients, and anti-intrinsic factor antibodies were present in 7 patients. Gastroscopy revealed signs of atrophic gastritis in 8 cases, with villous atrophy observed in 4 cases. After treatment with thyroid hormone replacement and vitamin B12 supplementation, 8 patients showed significant improvement in both thyroid function and gastrointestinal symptoms, while 3 patients had partial improvement. One patient did not show any significant clinical response.

Conclusion: Autoimmune thyrogastric syndrome is an uncommon but important condition that involves both thyroid and gastric autoimmune dysfunction. Early recognition and appropriate treatment, including thyroid hormone replacement and vitamin B12 supplementation, are essential for managing symptoms and improving patient outcomes. Clinicians should consider the possibility of this syndrome in patients presenting with symptoms of both thyroid and gastric disorders, particularly when autoimmune gastritis is suspected. Further studies are needed to better understand the pathophysiology and optimal management strategies for this syndrome.