Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT248

Background and Aims: The relationship between the endocrine and immune systems is increasingly recognized as a complex and significant intersection. Many endocrine glands are susceptible to autoimmune diseases, which often present at a young age and have a high prevalence in the population. This presentation aims to explore the origins of autoimmune processes in endocrine disorders, investigate the mechanisms behind immune system dysfunction, and identify potential therapeutic targets for intervention.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted based on recommendations and guidelines related to "Endocrinology and Immunology." Published studies were retrieved from PubMed, Elsevier, Wiley Online Library, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. The review included clinical trials and articles available in English.

Results: Recent studies highlight the critical role of endocrine hormones in regulating all biological processes throughout life. The secretion of these hormones must remain continuous and balanced; any disruption can lead to the formation of mutant proteins and auto-antigens. The immune system employs a surveillance mechanism where autoreactive T cells target and remove these abnormal proteins and tissue fragments to maintain homeostasis. The detection of autoantibodies serves as a surrogate marker for autoimmune endocrine disorders, and screening for these autoantibodies can help identify individuals at risk at an early stage. Disruption of immune homeostasis and immune surveillance mechanisms predisposes individuals to autoimmune endocrine disorders.

Conclusions: Autoimmune endocrine disorders are increasingly recognized as a consequence of the fragility of the immune surveillance system. Understanding these autoimmune mechanisms is crucial for the development of new targeted therapies that go beyond hormone replacement treatments. Early identification of individuals at risk is essential for restoring immune homeostasis before the onset of autoimmune disease.

Keywords: Endocrine disease, Autoimmunity, Targeted therapies, Immune surveillance, Autoantibodies.