Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT2363

Introduction: Neuroplasticity responds to hormonal shifts through brain self-adaptation and reorganization resulting in substantial influence on stress responses along with learning and environmental change adaptation capability. This article investigates how hormones affect neuroplasticity through examination of five significant hormones including cortisol together with estrogen and testosterone and oxytocin and thyroid hormones based on data from literature.

Material and Methods: Published data from past two decades from source such as MedLine, PubMed, Scopus, WebofScience, Google Scholar regarding hormonal changes in neuroplasticity were analysed and presented as summary.

Results: Stress-induced cortisol regulation affects both synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation processes in the brain while estrogen and testosterone support neurogenesis activities and synaptic remodeling and cognitive functions throughout the areas that include hippocampus and hypothalamus. The hormone estrogen specifically controls serotonin manufacturing processes in the brain as well as controlling serotonin receptor operation to affect cognitive functioning. The stress and memory responses are directly influenced by progesterone and its metabolites although their performance changes throughout the menstrual cycle. When a woman takes hormonal birth control the medicine changes the way her brain looks by modifying gray and white matter structure. The research paper examines sexual brain differences in network connections particularly regarding the default mode network while demonstrating how sex hormones control such functional brain networks. Researchers need to understand how hormones influence brain function because this knowledge enables proper development of treatment methods for neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety where sex-specific differences are prominent. Research needs more focus on hormonal treatments of brain disorders because this review establishes that hormone changes affect neural flexibility and mental wellness at varying stages of life.

Conclusion: Changes in brain neuroplasticity can affect in dual way: neuroplasticity can changes hormones secretion, hormones disregulation can changes brain functional activity. Underlying molecular mechanisms should been taken in account in treatment neurologic and endocrine diseases. Deep understanding that process can help in improving preventive managements in adaptation to stress and learning.