Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT3883

Introduction: Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrinopathy during pregnancy, often presenting as transient gestational hyperthyroidism in the first trimester. If uncontrolled, it poses a risk of maternal and fetal complications, potentially threatening vital prognosis.

Study Objective: Evaluate the clinical and therapeutic profile of first-trimester hyperthyroidism in pregnancy.

Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted in our Department, including 168 patients diagnosed with hyperthyroidism in the first trimester (January 2019 to September 2024). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.

Results: The average age was 26 years, with a mean gestational age of 11 weeks. A personal history of thyroid disease was reported in 16 patients. The predominant symptom was pregnancy-related vomiting, present in 98% of the patients. The mean ultrasensitive TSH was 0.04 mIU/l, the mean free T4 (T4L) was 12 ng/l, ranging from 1.1 to 11 times the normal values, and the mean free T3 (T3L) was 5.7 ng/l, ranging from 1.1 to 3 times the normal values. Graves’ disease was identified in four patients, and toxic goiter in five. Sixty-five percent of patients were treated with synthetic antithyroid drugs and beta-blockers, 16% with beta-blockers alone, 7.5% with beta-blockers and corticosteroids, and 2.5% with synthetic antithyroid drugs alone. For the remaining patients, simple monitoring was implemented. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism disappeared in 75% of patients, with normalization of thyroid function by 16 weeks of gestation. As for obstetric complications, 2 fetal deaths were recorded.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that The most common cause of Hyperthyroidism in the First Trimester is transient gestational hyperthyroidism. Antithyroid drugs (ATDs) were reserved for severe forms With a favorable outcome in the majority of patients After adequate care.