Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT743

Aim: To assess the dynamics of the prevalence of DM among the Belarusian urban population in the period 2014-2024.

Materials and methods: Data from the official statistics of the Ministry of Health of Belarus and demographic indicators were the subject of the study.

Results: The prevalence of diabetes increased from 2296.4 cases in 2014 to 4588.6 cases per 100,000 population in 2024. The average annual increase in DM prevalence was 7.6% (type 1 DM - 4.1%, type 2 DM - 7.9%). The primary incidence of diabetes was 202.7 - 416.0 cases per 100,000 population, of which T1DM: 9.0 - 11.0, T2DM: 196.4 - 405.0 cases per 100,000 population. The average annual increase in the primary incidence of diabetes was 8.3% (T1DM - 2.9%, T2DM - 8.4%). The increase is the result of active measures to diagnose T2DM in at-risk groups. Gender characteristics: T2DM is 1.9 times more common in women than in men, in people with T1DM was the same for both sexes, other types of diabetes are 2.7 times more common in men. Diabetes affects 5.6% of the adult population of Minsk, a figure in line with WHO projections. The proportion of working-age people was on average 87% among those with T1DM, 21% among those with T2DM, and 75% among those with other types of diabetes. On average, 3.7% of people with DM die each year, and 92.3% of these deaths occur in people over working age. The leading cause of death was cardiovascular disease: DM1 - 49.0% of deaths, DM2 - 67.9%. Malignant neoplasms came second: 5.5% of deaths in T1DM and 14.9% in T2DM. The proportion of deaths due to complications of DM, including emergencies, was less than 0.1%.

Conclusions: The above data indicate that the quality of medical care, availability of antihyperglycaemic drugs, including insulin, and means of self-control ensure a low mortality rate from diabetes mellitus, but at the same time emphasise the need for management decisions on the prevention of cardiovascular pathology and early detection of malignant neoplasms.