Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT2700

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a form of hyperglycemia that develops during pregnancy and poses risks to both mother and fetus. Gestational diabetes mellitus is a common complication in pregnancy. The International Diabetes Federation recently estimated that globally, 1 in 6 live births had a GDM diagnosis. Due to its high frequency and its health, social and economic impact, GDM has become a major public health issue. The aim of this study was to analyse the risk factors for gestational diabetes in a population of Algerian pregnant women.

Patients and methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study conducted at the diabetology consultation of the diabetology and endocrinology department of the Tizi Ouzou University Hospital located east of Algiers, during the period 2022-2023 among pregnant women referred for management of gestational diabetes.

Results: The study involved a population of 156 patients with an average age of 32.5 years. 63% of these women were over 35 years of age. The screening method used to diagnose gestational diabetes was fasting plasma glucose with a rate of 53.84% and OGTT with a rate of 30.12%. 20.5% of patients had a personal history of gestational diabetes and 47.4% had a family history of type 2 diabetes. Personal histories of macrosomia, hydramnios and miscarriage were found in 19.9%, 3.8% and 26% of cases respectively. 3.8% of these women had hypertension. Among the obstetric complications observed during the follow-up of these patients, hydramnios represented 7% of cases and macrosomia 5% of cases.

Discussion and conclusion: The identification of risk factors and screening for gestational diabetes highlights the importance of early detection and management to reduce the risk of macrosomia, neonatal complications and long-term impact on the health of the mother and child.