ECEESPE2025 Oral Communications Oral Communications 2: Diabetes and Insulin Part 1 (6 abstracts)
Delayed puberty and early-onset type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study of 1.6 million adolescents
Orit Pinhas-Hamiel 1,2,3 , Maya Simchoni 4 , Estela Derazne 2 , Aya Bardugo 2,4,5 , Cole D. Bendor 2,5,6 , Adi Vinograd 7 , Miri Lutski 6,7 , Inbar Zucker 2,7 , Arnon Afek 8 & Gilad Twig 2,5,9
1Juvenile Diabetes Center, Maccabi Health Care Services, Raannana, Israel; 2School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; 3Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; 4The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel; 5The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology & Health Policy Research, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; 6Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University,, Tel-Aviv, Israel; 7The Israel Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel; 8Central Management, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; 9Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
JOINT408
Objective: The relationship between delayed puberty in males and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adulthood is unclear. We investigated the association between delayed puberty during adolescence and the likelihood of developing T2D in early adulthood.
Research design and methods: A nationwide, population-based study of 964,108 Israeli adolescent males (mean age 17.3 years) who were examined before military recruitment during 1992–2015 and were followed until December 31, 2019. The diagnosis of delayed puberty was made by board-specified specialists based on physical examination and laboratory evaluation. Data were linked to the Israeli National Diabetes Registry. Cox proportional hazard models were applied.
Results: Delayed puberty was diagnosed in 0.45% (4307 of 964,108) of adolescent males. Over a cumulative follow-up of 15,242,068 person yeas, T2D was diagnosed in 111 individuals (2.58%) with delayed puberty and in 6,259 individuals (0.65%) without delayed puberty. The incidence rate of T2D per 105 person-year was 140.3 (95%CI, 114.2–166.4) in the delayed puberty group versus 41.3 (95%CI, 40.3–42.3) of adolescents without delayed puberty. The hazard ratio (HR) for T2D among individuals with delayed puberty was 2.52 (95%CI, 2.09–3.04, P=4.7×10-22), remaining materially unchanged after adjustment for birth year, socioeconomic status, cognitive function, education level and country of birth HR 2.47 (95%CI, 2.04–2.99). After additional adjustment to baseline BMI, the HR was 1.37 (95%CI 1.13-1.66). The association was further strengthened when restricted to individuals diagnosed at or before 35 years of age 1.65 (95%CI 1.22-2.23) and persisted after controlling for baseline health status. In a sensitivity analysis limited to adolescents with overweight and obesity, using those without hypogonadism as the reference group, the adjusted HR was 1.31 (95% CI 1.05–1.21).
Conclusions: Delayed puberty in adolescent males is associated with a significantly increased risk of T2D in early adulthood, independent of baseline BMI and other confounders. These findings highlight delayed puberty as a potential marker of metabolic risk, warranting further investigation.
Volume 110
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Endocrine Abstracts
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