Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT2120

Objective: To investigate the characteristics and trends of diabetes mellitus in Chinese children and compare type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The first pages of medical records of 13322 newly diagnosed children with diabetes aged 1 to 18 from children’s medical centers in 30 provinces were collected from 2016 to 2022. The study analyzed the epidemiology, complications, and disease burden of childhood diabetes.

Results: A total of 13, 322 hospitalized children were analyzed, including 6, 477 males (48. 62%) and 6, 845 females (51. 38%). Of these, 11, 965 were diagnosed with T1DM and 1, 357 with T2DM. The mean age for T1DM patients was 8. 23 ± 3. 97 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 0. 91:1. For T2DM patients, the mean age was 12. 64 ± 2. 06 years, and the ratio was 1. 35:1. T1DM most commonly occurred in children aged 5 to 14, while T2DM was prevalent in those aged 10 to 14. The peak incidence seasons for T1DM were July, August, and January, with August being the peak for T2DM. From 2016 to 2022, the proportion of hospitalized children with diabetes rose from 1. 40‰ to 2. 42‰, with T2DM hospitalizations growing significantly faster than T1DM (19. 14% vs 8. 68%). The rate of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) was higher in T1DM than T2DM (39. 92% vs. 11. 94%, P < 0. 01). Conversely, conditions such as hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, hyperuricemia, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and obesity were significantly more prevalent among T2DM patients. However, cerebral edema rate did not significantly differ between T1DM and T2DM. The analysis indicated that T2DM, ketoacidosis, hyperuricemia, and length of hospital stay significantly increase costs.

Conclusion: The incidence of both T1DM and T2DM in Chinese children is rising, with a more pronounced increase in T2DM. Significant differences exist between the two types regarding age, gender distribution, complication rates, and hospitalization costs.