Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT1741

Background: Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are major contributors to obesity-related pathologies (cardiovascular, metabolic disorders, cancer). Platelets and composition of their phospholipid membrane play a crucial role in modulating chronic inflammatory. Alterations in platelet membrane fatty acids (FA) leads to increased production of pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory mediators.

Objective: Study aimed to investigate the association between body composition, lipids, inflammatory markers and FA composition in healthy women.

Material and Methods: Study included 101 healthy women, median age 36, 95 years. Body composition including fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (iDXA, GE Lunar). Fat mass index (FMI) was calculated (FMkg/height²). Women were divided into 3 groups based on FMI: fat deficit (FD)(FMI<5 kg/m²), normal fat (NF)(FMI5-9kg/m²), excess fat(EF)(FMI>9kg/m²). Lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured. FA of platelets phospholipid membrane was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Each FA was calculated from the total FA amount(100%), counting the percentage of total saturated FA (SFA) (myristic, palmitic, stearic), monounsaturated FA (MUFA) (palmitoleic, oleic, vaccenic, erucic), polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) (omega 3:α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic, omega 6:linoleic, arachidonic, gamma-linolenic). Statistical analysis included the Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation. The study was approved by the local ethics Committee.

Results: Total FM was 28.82kg[IQR19.87–41.43], total LM was 44.30kg[IQR40.46–48.91]. Platelet membranes contained 78.12%SFA, 19.37%MUFA, 3.97%PUFA. Among SFA palmitic acid was the most prevalent (52.47%); oleic acid was the most common MUFA (7.24%;) and linoleic acid was the predominant PUFA(7.45%). A strong positive correlation was observed between FM and CRB (ρ=0.641, P < 0.001); a moderate correlation with triglycerides (ρ=0.477, P < 0.001) and PUFA (ρ= 0.389, P < 0.001); a weak correlation with LDL-cholesterol (ρ=0.279, P = 0.004) and MUFA (ρ=0.211, P = 0.036). FM correlates negatively with HDL-cholesterol (ρ=-0.614, P < 0.001) and SFA (ρ=-0.253, P = 0.012). A total of 64 (58.7%) of women had EF, 37(33.9%) had NF, 7.3%(8) had a FD. Women with EF had higher LDL-cholesterol(3.30 mmol/l[IQR 2.61-3.67] vs. 2.78 mmol/l[IQR2.29-3.24], P = 0.032), triglycerides(1.08 mmol/l[IQR0.74-1.44] vs. 0.73 mmol/l[IQR0.55-0.99], P = 0.001), and CRP(1.73mg/l[IQR 0.87-4.75] vs. 0.51mg/l[IQR0.30-0.83], P < 0.001), and lower HDL-cholesterol(1.48 mmol/l[IQR 1.26 - 1.70] vs. 1.89 mmol/l[IQR1.72-2.16], P < 0.001) levels compared to those with NF. Women with EF had a lower SFAs (76.19%vs.83.43%, P = 0.028) and a higher PUFA (5.4%vs.3.1%, P = 0.003). MUFA did not differ statistically (20.57% vs. 14.91%, P = 0.060)

Conclusions: Women with excess fat exhibited a less favorable metabolic profile, higher LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and CRP, lower HDL-cholesterol compared to normal fat women. Total fat mass was positively correlated with CRB, triglycerides, and PUFA, inversely with HDL-cholesterol and MUFA. Women with excess fat had a lower percentage of SFA and a higher percentage of PUFA.