Endocrine Abstracts

Adrenal masses which are found unexpectedly with US or CT examination of abdomen are called adrenal incidentalomas. The aim of study was to evaluate the contribution of imaging characteristics of incidentally discovered adrenal mass to the differential diagnosis.We have studied 60 patients with adrenal mass (21 M, 39 F, age 34–85 years) who had CT scan of abdomen for various diagnoses but they were not suspected to have adrenal pathology. The right ...

J J Kopchick, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA. AbstractDr John J Kopchick is an internationally recognized leader in the growth hormone (GH) field. Since 1987, he has held the Milton and Lawrence H Goll Eminent Scholar Professorship in Molecular and Cellular Biology and directs the Growth/Obesity/Diabetes Section of the Edison Biotechnology Institute at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. He also is Professor in the B...

Purpose of study: The study was focused on MRI of morphological changes of pituitary gland, pituitary fossa and surrounding structures in patients with primary growth failure. We evaluated MRI, clinical status and hormonal changes in 18 patients with primary growth failure referred to University Hospital.Methods and patients: We examined 18 patients (10 male, 8 female), average age 18.3 (2–34) years. All patients had a severe growth hormone deficien...

Oncogenic activation of MAPK in thyroid cells leads to loss of expression of genes required for thyroid hormone biosynthesis, including the sodium iodide transporter (NIS) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO). Tumors with BRAF mutation have lower expression of NIS, explaining in part why BRAF-mutant PTCs are often resistant to RAI therapy. We developed mouse models of thyroid cancer driven by BRAFV600E, and these tumors also lose the ability to concentrate radioiodine, whic...

Bone has three main components: matrix, mostly made up of type 1 collagen, mineral, which is laid down on the matrix by osteoblasts, and bone cells: osteoclasts, which are derived from haemopoietic precursors, osteoclasts, which are of fibroblast precursor origin, and osteocytes, the most numerous, which are derived from osteoblasts.Osteoblasts operate under the influence of several humoral factors including PTH, 1,25(OH)2D and cytokines which...

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Most patients with type 1 diabetes, even children and adolescents, have residual insulin secretion at diagnosis. As long as this can be preserved blood glucose fluctuates less, and the risk of acute and late complications decreases. Gradually the autoimmune process will destroy β-cell function unless immune intervention can stop the destructive process.Several different interventions have been tried. The very first intervention with plasmapheresis m...

The National Paediatric Diabetes Audit (NPDA) has now been established for 9 years and collects data on standards of care as defined by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE). These include demographics of paediatric diabetes, care process completion rates and outcomes.Since April 2011 the NPDA has been managed by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) which comprises a project board advised by specific working groups as...

Classically aldosterone acted uniquely on epithelia, and primary aldosteronism (PA) was considered uncommon and relatively benign, all of which we now know to be not the case. In 2013, we should note that:i). Mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) evolved millions of years before aldosterone.ii). Cortisol occupies 90–99% of all MR in the human body.iii). MR are promiscuous, binding cortisol, aldosterone and pr...

Osteoporosis is a common complication of oral glucocorticoid therapy and is associated with significant morbidity. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is characterised by rapid bone loss and increased fracture risk during the first few months of therapy. The increase in fracture risk is dose-related and most prominent in the spine. Although awareness of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis has increased in recent years, the condition remains under-diagnosed and under-treated.</...