Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Testosterone replacement therapy has been shown to produce a wide range of benefits for men with hypogonadism with studies showing improvement in libido, bone density, muscle mass, body composition, mood, cognition, and erythopoiesis. The risks associated with testosterone replacement therapy are less well characterised and there is a lack of larger randomised trials. One recognised risk is polycythaemia. The aim of this study is to assess the frequency of polycyth...

Somatostatin analogues (SA) represent the most effective medical treatment for the control of neuroendocrine tumour (NET) symptoms, like carcinoid syndrome. Recently there has been evidence of lengthened time to tumour progression in patients with midgut carcinoid treated with octreotide. Nevertheless, a number of new therapeutic indications and the clinical effectiveness of SA for other clinical conditions are appearing. A 69-year-old man was investigated for anaemia (haemogl...

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and familial hypercalcaemic hypocalciuria (FHH) can both present with hypercalcaemia, but their management and prognosis are quite distinct. The 24 h urine calcium: creatinine clearance ratio (CCCR) is used to distinguish FHH from PHPT, where patients with FHH have a CCCR of <0.01. This study compares the use of a spot urine sample to measure CCCR with the gold-standard 24-h urine CCCR.Objective: To eval...

Context: Prolactinomas are the most common functioning pituitary adenomas & it is recognised that gender has an influence on presentation and management of this condition.Objective: To examine the effects of gender on presentation and response to treatment in a large cohort of adults with confirmed prolactinoma (MRI performed and macroprolactin excluded).Design & patients: This retrospective cohort study design used an elec...

A 19-year-old, female of West African descent presented with a 5 months history of thyrotoxicosis. The GP had commenced carbimazole. She had continuing clinical and biochemical thyrotoxicosis TSH <0.01 (0.3–5.5 mU/l), FT4 68.0 (9–20 pmol/l) and FT3 18.9 (3.4–5.6 pmol/l). Thyroid antibodies were present at elevated titre and technetium uptake scanning showed toxic diffuse hyperplasia with an uptake function of 37%, confirming Graves&#146...

The Prader Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex, neurodevelopmental disorder resulting from absence of expression of imprinted genes in the 15q 11–13 region, usually due to deletion in the paternal chromosome (pd15q) or disomy of the maternal chromosome 15 (upd). Prompt diagnosis of PWS is beneficial for counselling families, managing the hypotonia and poor feeding that characterise the perinatal period and facilitating early interventions that may improve body composition a...

Objective : To determine whether simultaneous ultrasonography at the time of scintigraphy affects the diagnosis or diagnostic confidence in patients with hyperthyroidism.Method Used: A retrospective study was carried out involving 100 patients who attended for investigation of hyperthyroidism between 01/07/01 and 31/03/02. All patients ( 15 male, 85 female) had simultaneous radioisotope scanning and ultrasound of their thyroid glands performed and reported. Subsequently th...

SDH mutations that contribute 15%–20% of PCC/PGL syndromes predispose to the development of tumours that originate from Adrenal, Parasympathetic and extra-adrenal sympathetic-associated chromaffin tissues. We conducted a retrospective analysis to identify the prevalence of PCC/PGL and elevated biomarkers during initial screening in patients newly identified as carrying a pathogenic SDH mutation.Method: Data collection from our random cohort of patie...

Background: Immune checkpoint (CTLA-4, PD-1) inhibitors are increasingly used to treat cancers including advanced melanoma. Although endocrine immune related adverse events (IRAEs) are now well reported, the frequency and type of thyroid and pituitary dysfunction reported varies considerably, with hypophysitis after CTLA-4 inhibitors reported in 2–16%, and thyroid dysfunction after PD-1 inhibitors in 2–39%. In addition, recove...

Background: Immune checkpoint (CTLA-4, PD-1) inhibitors are increasingly used to treat cancers including advanced melanoma. Although endocrine immune related adverse events (IRAEs) are now well reported, the frequency and type of thyroid and pituitary dysfunction reported varies considerably, with hypophysitis after CTLA-4 inhibitors reported in 2–16%, and thyroid dysfunction after PD-1 inhibitors in 2–39%. In addition, recove...