Endocrine Abstracts

Cardio-vascular disorders (CVD), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and myocardial infarction (MI) heading the line are the main cause of death among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM has been proved to be an essential risk factor for IHD and MI to be instrumental in regarding all patients as belonging to the CVD high risk group. Dysfunction of adipocytes, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia seen in DM are the triggers for the cascade of hemod...

Diabetes mellitus with characteristic high blood serum glucose may cause various disorders, including damages to blood vessels. Both type 1 and type 2 DM increase the IHD risk by 4-6 times. The work was initiated to study parameters of lipid metabolism in patients with the IHD-combined type 1 and type 2 DM.Materials and Methods: We examined concentrations of total lipids, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol...

The onset of diabetes mellitus caused by insulin deficiency and insulin resistance is simultaneous with the onset of disorders in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Phospholipids are subjected to major alterations in the lipid structures. The data on composition of phospholipids in diabetes mellitus are discordant. The work was initiated to study concentrations of phospholipids in blood of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 24 patients with type 1 DM (T1DM) and...

For quite a long period of time, diabetes mellitus (DM) has been considered as the carbohydrate metabolism disorder; to maintain blood glucose normal was believed to be the only mission of insulin. By now, findings from many studies have proved that DM is accompanied by the complex disorder of metabolism not only for carbohydrates, but also for lipids and proteins. Atherosclerotic injury of large vessels and ketoacidosis are known to be the main DM complications. The work was ...

2 type diabetes mellitus (2DM) determines high risk of cardio-vascular disorders and pathologies of cardio-vascular system, to name arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease and hypercholesterolemia. In addition, prolonged insufficient DM compensation results in onset of macrovascular complications eventually causing adverse effects. UKPDS findings demonstrated that intense glycemia control significantly reduced the risk of microvascular diabetic complications, but produce...

For quite a long time, the brain has been considered as an insulin independent organ capable of utilizing glucose without participation of insulin. Today, insulin is thought to be not only a regulator of glucose transport and metabolism, but also as a modulator of some processes, including neuronal excitability, proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells, synaptic plasticity, memory formation, secreting of neurotransmitters and apoptosis. The work was initiated to c...

Physiological role of nerve growth factor (NGF) was characterized for the sensory and vegetative nervous systems, as well as for the central, endocrine and immune systems. The growth simulator and a cytokine, NGF is known to be involved in the metabolism of various pathological conditions. Recent clinical and academic studies among patients with diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and Alzheimer’s disease have brought to light previously unreported cell and pathological ...

Alzheimer’s disease is closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM); being considered as type 3 DM due to common molecular peculiarities of type 2 DM and insulin resistance associated with the memory deficit and decline in the cognitive functions in elderly persons. We generated a model of sporadic neurodegenerative condition (NDC) or type 3 DM. The work was initiated to study profile of phospholipids in the hippocampal membranes of rats with the induced sporadic...

As a cytokine, TNF-α plays a role of key anti-inflammatory mediator involved in the onset and progression of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. TNF-α is known to inhibit insulin-stimulated of auto-phosphorylation of insulin receptors by tyrosine kinase; as the result, insulin sensitivity decreases in its turn resulting in insulin resistance and glucose transport damage. TNF-α is a trigger in the onset of obesity, diabetes mellitus and its complicat...

Damages of the central and peripheral nervous systems as peripheral neuropathy and encephalopathy of mixed vascular and metabolic genesis, respectively, are known to take place in diabetes mellitus, ultimately resulting in progressing decline of cognitive function and development of dementia. Findings of many studies demonstrated interrelation between increases in the TNF-α concentrations and onset of inflammation, tumor processes and a number of metabolic, autoimmune and...