Endocrine Abstracts

Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. Multiple mechanisms contribute to the atherosclerotic process; however, inflammation and oxidative stress are underlying common factors. In genetically-prone atherosclerotic mouse models, inhibition of macrophage inflammatory capacity and oxidative stress substantially attenuate atherosclerosis extent and complexity. These approaches also attenuate the adipocyte response to high fat diet and adoip...

The dyslipidaemia that commonly accompanies type 2 diabetes is characterised by raised plasma triglyceride, low HDL cholesterol and small, dense LDL particles. This syndrome has been shown to be caused principally by overproduction of large, triglyceride rich VLDL in the liver (VLDL1).Recent investigations have revealed further details of the metabolic abnormality underlying diabetic dyslipidemia. Studies using stable isotope tracers of apolip...

Mortality from cardiovascular disease in men and women with type 1 diabetes is 4 and 8 fold greater, respectively, than the general population. In addition, cardiovascular events and deaths occur at a relatively young age in type 1 diabetes, underlining the necessity to determine the most appropriate interventions for this vulnerable population. A number of recent trials have confirmed that long term maintenance of tight glycaemic control reduces cardiovascular event rates. Ho...

A growing body of preclinical and clinical evidence has demonstrated that mineralocorticoids, especially aldosterone, are intimately involved in the development of target organ injury in all major target organs of hypertensive disease, and that pharmacological inhibition of mineralocorticoids, or adrenalectomy markedly reduces myocardial injury, stroke and renal vascular disease. Animal studies demonstrated that aldosterone/salt treatment induces inflammatory remodeling of cor...