Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology
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Society for Endocrinology BES 2009

Poster Presentations

Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular

ea0019p115 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Clinically unapparent central nervous system impairment in diabetic patients

El Nabrowy Inas Mohamed Sabry , El Nabil Lobna Mohamed

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes damage to many organs and systems. The consequences of diabetes mellitus in the central nervous system are less known than diabetic peripheral neuropathy and autonomic nervous system neuropathy. Damage to the brain and the spinal cord is less common.Aim: The aim of study is to show the importance of motor and somatosensory evoked potentials (MEP and SEP) for early diagnosis of unapparent central nervous system (C...

ea0019p116 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

The effects of combined plant derived oleanolic acid and insulin on blood glucose concentration in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Musabayane CT , Mapanga RF , Tufts MA , Oyedeji OO , Shode FO

We have previously attributed the hypoglycaemic effects of Syzygium cordatum leaf extract to crude ethyl acetate extract solubles (EAS) containing triterpenoid compounds. The present study was designed to isolate and characterize triterpene components EAS and investigate the antihyperglycaemic effects alone or in combination with insulin in non-diabetic and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. EAS soluble extracts were obtained after defatting the S. cordatum<...

ea0019p117 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Ileal switch with sleeve gastrectomy for control of type 2 diabetes

Modi KD , Kumar KVS Hari , Ugale Suren , Naik Vishwas , Gupta Neeraj

Introduction: Recent reports suggest that bariatric procedures are effective for control or cure of type 2 diabetes. We plan to study the efficacy of a novel surgical procedure on glycemic control and other constituents of metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods: In this ongoing study, five patients underwent laparoscopic procedure of ileal switch (transposition of a segment of ileum into proximal jejunum) coupled with sleeve gastrectomy. ...

ea0019p118 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Inverse correlation of fasting urine pH with body mass index in obese type 2 diabetes patients

Modi KD , Kumar KVS Hari

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an independent risk factor for uric acid nephrolithiasis and obesity augments this risk. We studied 25 T2DM patients to assess the risk factors for uric acid nephrolithiasis and their relation with metabolic syndrome.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 25 patients of T2DM were included and examined for components of metabolic syndrome. A single 24 h urine sample was analyzed for uric acid, creatinine a...

ea0019p119 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Effect of Metformin and a hypocaloric diet on lipids and their biological variation in polycystic ovarian syndrome

Gonzalez S , Cho L , Kilpatrick E , Atkin S

Background: Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) tend to have a cluster of several coronary risk factors, including atherogenic dyslipidaemia. Metformin has been used to improve their hyperandrogenism and to induce ovulation. However, its effects on hyperlipidaemia are less clear and it is not known if metformin also ameliorates lipid intrinsic variability.Aim: The primary end point of the study was to evaluate the effects of metformin and a hyp...

ea0019p120 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Insulin resistance before and after parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism

Ajala O , Thondam S , Khaleeli A

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism is associated with insulin resistance and reduced pancreatic beta cell function. Approximately 40% of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism have impaired glucose tolerance. This observational study sought to show improvement in insulin resistance after parathyroidectomy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.Methods: Insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell function was calculated before and 12 weeks...

ea0019p121 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 in patients with type 2 diabetes and in non-diabetic controls

Lewandowski KC , Banach E , Lewinski A

Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) remodel extracellular matrix (ECM) in physiology as well as in cancer, inflammatory states and cardiovascular disease. In type 2 diabetes, there is evidence of activation of MMPs in vasculature, while decreased activity of MMPs and excessive accumulation of ECM is thought to contribute to the development of diabetic nephropathy.Material and methods: We measured serum MMP-2, MMP-9 in 22 subjects with type 2 DM ...

ea0019p122 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Effect of green coffee bean extract and chlorogenic acid consumption on 11βHSD activity in humans and mice

Almoosawi S , Dickinson A , Fyfe L , Kenyon CJ , Al-Dujaili EAS

Increased 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1) activity is implicated in the development of the metabolic syndrome. Identifying natural compounds that influence 11βHSD1 activity could lead to novel methods of treating obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. In the present study, we tested the effect of green coffee bean extract (GCBE), rich in chlorogenic acid (CGA), in human volunteers and of CGA in mice on blood pressure (BP), lipid and gluc...

ea0019p123 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Expression of ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT), the newly-identified ghrelin acylation enzyme, in various human tissues

Lim CT , Kola B , Igreja S , Grossman AB , Korbonits M

Ghrelin is a circulating growth hormone-releasing and appetite-inducing brain–gut peptide. It needs to be acylated on its serine-3 with octanoate for its endocrine actions. The acyl-transferase that catalyses ghrelin octanoylation has been recently identified and named GOAT (ghrelin O-acyltransferase), which is coded by the MBOAT4 gene. This study aimed to investigate GOAT expression in human. The distribution of GOAT mRNA expression was studied in various human ti...

ea0019p124 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Renal effects of plant-derived oleanolic acid in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Mapanga RF , Tufts MA , Shode FO , Musabayane CT

Previous studies from our laboratories indicate that the anti-diabetic effects of Syzygium cordatum (Hochst.) (Myrtaceae) leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats may be attributed in part to mixtures of triterpenes, oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA). For the bioactive compounds to have potential in diabetes management, they should also alleviate or prevent complications of diabetes mellitus; kidney function and cardiovascular disorders. This study i...

ea0019p125 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Urocortin 3 transgenic mice exhibit a metabolically favourable phenotype resisting obesity and insulin resistance on a high fat diet

Jamieson P , Cleasby M , Morton N , Kelly P , Wingate J , Brownstein D , Seckl J , Vale W

Urocortins are the endogenous ligands for the corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type-2 which is highly expressed in skeletal muscle where it regulates glucose metabolism and muscle mass. Transgenic mice overexpressing Urocortin-3 (UCN3+) show accelerated peripheral glucose disposal and increased skeletal muscle mass with myocyte hypertrophy associated with decreased energy efficiency and improved glucose tolerance. We aimed to determine whether this phenotype would confe...

ea0019p126 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Visfatin regulates insulin secretion and insulin receptor phosphorylation in a clonal beta-cell line

Brown J , Onyango D , Conner A , Ramanjaneya M , Dunmore S , Randeva H

Visfatin is a controversial molecule secreted from adipose tissue and known to be positively correlated with body mass. Previous reports have suggested that visfatin interacts with the insulin receptor signalling pathway. Due to its high expression in visceral fat tissue and its initial reported insulin sensitising effects it has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, although this link has yet to be well established. Since insulin receptors are ...

ea0019p127 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Glucocorticoid effects on the programming of AT1b angiotensin receptor expression in the rat fetus

Bogdarina Irina , King Peter , Langley-Evans Simon , Clark Adrian

We recently demonstrated that fetal programming changes induced by a maternal low protein diet (MLP) that lead to the development of hypertension in the rat offspring were associated with increased expression of the AT1b angiotensin receptor (AT1b) and reduced methylation of its promoter in the adrenal gland. Previous findings have suggested that overactivity of the maternal pituitary–adrenal axis in pregnancy results in overexposure of the fetus to glucocorticoids which ...

ea0019p128 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Napping is associated with an increased risk of the metabolic syndrome

Arora T , Lam KH , Jiang CQ , Thomas GN , Zhang WS , Taheri S , Adab P , Lam TH , Cheng KK

Background: Millions of people worldwide take an intentional nap or siesta after lunch, but data describing potential health effects of naps are very limited. We report on associations between napping and metabolic syndrome risk in a large older Chinese group.Methods: Data from 16 480 older participants (≥50 years) from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study were analysed. Sociodemographic parameters, including frequency of lunch-time napping were coll...

ea0019p129 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and adipogenesis

Stephens M , Rees D , Ludgate M

The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes can be directly related to increasing levels of population obesity and associated insulin resistance. Adipose tissue has neuroanatomically well characterized sympathetic innervation (with activation initiating lipid mobilization), but little evidence to support the presence of a (putatively counter-regulatory) parasympathetic input (Bartness & Song 2007). Parasympathetic actions are mediated through muscarinic acetylcholine receptor...

ea0019p130 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Withdrawal of proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy in chronically hypomagnesaemic patients

Mackay J , Choudary N , Bladon P

We studied 5 female patients, aged 54–79 years old (mean 70.6 years), on PPI therapy for 2–13 years (mean 8.2 years), who were symptomatic from chronic and sometimes severe hypomagnesaemia (lowest readings 0.36, 0.29, & <0.21 mmol/l in 3 patients) for 7–45 months (mean 29.2 months). Oral magnesium (Mg) supplements were either poorly tolerated or ineffective; and repeated magnesium sulphate infusions (total doses per patient 120–1200 mmol Mg, mean 44...

ea0019p131 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Identification of nesfatin-1/NUCB2 as a novel depot-specific adipokine in human and murine adipose tissue: aletered levels in obesity and food deprivation

Ramanjaneya Manjunath , Chen Jing , Brown James , Patel Suketu , Tan Bee , Randeva Harpal

NESFATIN-1 is a recently identified hypothalamic satiety molecule derived from its precursor protein, NEFA/nucleobindin2 (NUCB2). Although the hypothalamus is considered the cornerstone for maintenance of energy homeostasis, adipose tissue plays an important role in the integration of metabolic activity and energy balance; communicating with peripheral organs and the brain via secreted proteins, termed adipokines. Many hypothalamic satiety regulatory peptides have been describ...

ea0019p132 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Effects of high fructose and salt intake on maternal metabolism and fetal development in rats

Gray C , Symonds M , Gardiner S , Gardner D

Maternal diet can influence her offspring’s susceptibility to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Dietary excess, particularly of fructose and salt, is characteristic of current ‘Western’ diets consumed by pregnant women. We therefore aimed to determine the effects of high maternal fructose and salt intake on maternal metabolism and fetal development in rats. Thirty-two virgin Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 dietary groups; 1) control diet (CD, n</...

ea0019p133 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Adrenal hypertrophy occurs in concert with insulin resistance following high fat feeding of two different strains of rat

McNeilly A , Williamson R , Balfour D , Sutherland C , Stewart C

The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has doubled over the past decade. Obesity induced insulin resistance is associated with T2DM and the metabolic syndrome (including hypertension, and dyslipidemia). Diets high in saturated fat are largely to blame for the current obesity epidemic. High-fat feeding of animals increases circulating corticosterone levels, in addition to changes in glucose homeostasis. The relationship between insulin sensitivity and abnormal hypothalamic&#15...

ea0019p134 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Downregulation of hepatic glucose 6-phosphatase-alpha in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver

Konopelska S , Kienitz T , Quinkler M

Background: Microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase-alpha (G6Pase-alpha) and glucose-6-phosphate transporter (G6PT) perform the terminal step in both glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Deficiency of G6Pase-alpha leads to glycogen storage disease type 1a, whereas deficiency of G6PT leads to glycogen storage disease type 1b. Partial inhibition of G6Pase in rats results in increased hepatic triglyceride contents and de novo lipogenesis leading to hepatic steatosis. Hepatic steat...

ea0019p135 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Knockdown of H6PDH in C2C12 muscle cells impairs 11β-HSD1 activity and myogenic differentiation

Saqib KM , Sherlock M , Walker EA , Stewart PM , Lavery GG

NADPH generated by hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PDH) within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) drives the reductase activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11-βHSD1) allowing the production of active glucocorticoids. H6PDH knockout (H6PDHKO) mice develop a vacuolating myopathy, reduced muscle mass and display activation of the ER stress response. However, the role of glucocorticoids and 11β-HSD1 in the myopathy phenotype is not clear...

ea0019p136 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Susceptibility to hyperinsulinaemia and fatty liver with loss of 5alpha-reductase 1 occurs in rats and mice and is not androgen dependent

Livingstone D , Walker B , Andrew R

5alpha-Reductase 1 (5aR1) catalyses A-ring reduction of glucocorticoids and androgens. We previously demonstrated that transgenic disruption of 5aR1 predisposes male mice to fatty liver and insulin resistance when challenged with a high-fat diet. Here, we have dissected the contributions of androgens and glucocorticoids to the metabolic phenotype using 2 models of enzyme inhibition (trangenesis and pharmacology).Female 5aR1−/− mice (KO) and w...

ea0019p137 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Sucralose ingestion does not elicit a GLP-1, PYY or appetite response in healthy, normal-weight volunteers.

Ford H , Peters V , Sleeth M , Ghatei M , Frost G , Bloom S

Background: Obesity is a disease with disastrous health, social and economic consequence. There is presently a global epidemic of obesity in all age groups and in both developed and developing countries. Understanding the nutrient and chemical sensing mechanisms in the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) which act to trigger gut hormone release and appetite after food consumption is crucial to be able to devise effective methods to reduce and prevent obesity. Recently, the sweet tas...

ea0019p138 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Libya has the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 in North Africa and in the Arab world

Eltobgi A

Background: The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes are increasing around the world. Diabetes affects >230 million people worldwide and is expected to affect 350 million by 2025.Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires long-term medical attention. Type 2 diabetes was once called adult-onset diabetes. Now, because of the epidemic of obesity and inactivity, type 2 diabetes is occurring at younger ages. About 90% of patients who deve...

ea0019p139 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Effects of DHEA supplementation on vascular function in primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency: a randomised, crossover trial

Rice S , Agarwal N , Bolusani H , Newcombe R , Ludgate M , Rees A

Background: Patients with Addison’s disease (AD) and hypopituitarism have increased mortality, mainly from vascular disease. Both diseases are characterised by DHEA(S) deficiency yet this is not usually corrected. It is unclear whether treatment of these conditions with DHEA improves vascular risk.Objective: To evaluate the effects of DHEA on arterial stiffness and endothelial function in subjects with AD and hypopituitarism.M...

ea0019p140 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Heterozygous knockout of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in mice leads to impaired glucose tolerance, enhanced insulin sensitivity and increased endothelial basal nitric oxide production

Abbas A , Imrie H , Viswambharan H , Rajwani A , Kahn M , Cubbon R , Gage M , Wheatcroft S , Grant P , Kearney M

Introduction: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), acting via similar signalling pathways to insulin, enhances glucose uptake and nitric oxide (NO) production. Observational studies suggest a role for (IGF-1) in insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. To investigate this further we used a murine model with heterozygous knockout of the IGF-1 receptor.Methods: Metabolic tolerance tests were performed in vivo on unanaesthetised mice, heterozy...

ea0019p141 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Epigenetic changes of the hypothalamic glucocorticoid receptor gene occur in the ovine foetus in conjunction with periconceptional undernutrition

Stevens A , Cook A , Rumball C , Oliver M , Connor K , Challis J , Bloomfield F , White A

Glucocorticoids are known to have a role in the programming of appetite regulation but the mechanisms have not been fully delineated. This study examined the effect of maternal undernutrition on glucocorticoid receptor (GR) as a key regulator of the appetite regulating neuropeptides, proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the hypothalamus.Ewes were undernourished (UN, n=4) for 30 days pre- and 60 days post-mating or given normal fe...

ea0019p142 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Periconceptional undernutrition is associated with epigenetic changes in the Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene in the hypothalamus of foetal sheep

Stevens A , Cook A , Rumball C , Oliver M , Connor K , Challis J , Bloomfield F , White A

Maternal undernutrition influences the development of diseases such as obesity and diabetes in the adult offspring. Programming of key genes involved in hypothalamic appetite regulation such as proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) may affect energy balance in adulthood. These changes may occur by alterations in gene expression or epigenetic changes including histone acetylation and DNA methylation. This study aims to examine the effects of maternal undernutritio...

ea0019p143 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Increased mineralocorticoid activity in obese Zucker rats is independent of the renin–angiotensin system and hepatic steroid metabolism.

Kenyon C , Livingstone D , Ingram M , Al-Dujaili E , Rutter A , Fraser R , Andrew R

Hypertension in obese Zucker rats is associated with raised plasma aldosterone, suppressed renin and increased hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal activity. We investigated the possible causes and consequences of these associations by comparing adrenal gene expression and urinary electrolyte and steroid excretion patterns in lean and obese rats. Groups (n=11) of adult male lean and obese Zucker rats were held in metabolism cages for 7 days. Urine collected over the ...

ea0019p144 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Screening for testosterone deficiency in a hospital diabetic clinic

Downie P , Ulahannan T

Background: Numerous studies have provided evidence of the link between low testosterone levels and obesity, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. A recent UK study revealed 20% of type 2 diabetics had testosterone levels <8 nmol/l and 31% between 8 and 12 nmol/l. Hypogonadism in men can present with a variety of clinical symptoms which could include erectile dysfunction (ED). However, diabetic patients infrequently volunteer information regarding ED and is often not...

ea0019p145 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Autocrine/paracrine regulation of visfatin induced MCP-1: enhanced pro-angiogeneic effects of visfatin in the human endothelium

Adya Raghu , Tan Bee , Chen Jing , Randeva Harpal

Objectives: Visfatin and monocyte-chemoattractant-protein-1 (MCP-1) are elevated in cardiovascular pathologies, insulin-resistant and dysmetabolic states. Visfatin has been reported to exhibit pro-angiogenic actions in human endothelial cells by the induction of endothelial gelatinases and VEGF. Given MCP-1’s well described pro-angiogenic properties we sought to study the potential interaction between visfatin, MCP-1 and VEGF in human endothelial cells. More importantly, ...

ea0019p146 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Metformin decreases angiogenesis via ERK1/2/ERK5 pathways by increasing the anti-angiogenic adipokine thrombospondin-1

Tan Bee , Kumar S Prashanth , Chen Jing , Heutling Dennis , Mitchell Dan , Lehnert Hendrik , Randeva Harpal

Aims: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance, obesity and cardiovascular complications. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a novel anti-angiogenic adipokine highly expressed in obese, insulin-resistant subjects. We sought to assess TSP-1 levels in adipose (AT) from PCOS women and matched controls. The effects of metformin treatment on circulating TSP-1 levels in PCOS subjects; effects of serum from normal and PCOS women on in vitro migration and...

ea0019p147 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Effect of pre and postnatal diet on pancreatic beta-cell insulin and glucagon content

Lloyd L , Mobasheri A , Gardner D

Insulin resistance is associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome and hypertension. These risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease may be programmed by the early diet. Previous studies have shown poor insulin sensitivity in obese relative to lean sheep. Here, we considered whether insulin sensitivity in pre- and postnatally nutritionally challenged sheep offspring was due to changes at the pancreatic level. Thirty-six twin-bearing ewes were randomly allocate...

ea0019p148 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Extreme hypertriglyceridaemia, the therapeutic use of insulin

Naziat A , Chandran S , Ali A

We present a case of a 44-year-old chef, presenting with a fortnight’s history of a pruritic rash over his trunk and axillae. He was diagnosed to have hypertension, which was treated by lifestyle interventions. His diet was poor, and he drank 40 units of alcohol per week. His parents had hypercholesterolemia, but there was no history of premature coronary artery disease. On examination, his BMI was 31.62 kg/m2, and he had eruptive xanthomata on his chest, abdom...

ea0019p149 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

The Hsp90 chaperone machinery can modulate cell surface expression of the obesity linked G-protein coupled receptor MC4R

Gooljar SB , Meimaridou E , Chapple JP

Mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) are the most common cause of monogenic obesity. The majority of MC4R mutations are predicted to cause the receptor to aberrantly fold. Misfolded MC4R fails to traffic to the plasma membrane (PM) and is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Recent studies with other G-protein coupled receptors have shown that stabilisation of misfolded receptor, by pharmacological chaperones, promotes trafficking to the cell surface where th...

ea0019p150 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Kisspeptin inhibits key stages of angiogenesis in vitro

Logie J , Roseweir A , Millar R , Walker B , Hadoke P , Reynolds R

Background: Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide central to the regulation of gonadotrophin secretion but recent studies have suggested more diverse roles in human physiology. Kisspeptin is a potent inhibitor of tumour metastasis and plays a role in placentation, both processes involving angiogenesis. In addition, Kisspeptin and its receptor, GPR54, have been identified in human blood vessels including aorta, coronary artery and umbilical vein, where they mediate vasoconstriction. We,...

ea0019p151 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Body composition in HIV infected South Indian men

Thomas Nihal , Asha HS , Paul Thomas , Seshadri Mandalam

Background and objective: Widespread use of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has led to a decrease in morbidity and mortality with this infection. HAART is also associated with body fat redistribution, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, well known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of fat redistribution in studies ranges from 11 to 83%. The objective of this study was to look at changes in body composition in HIV infected men and to determin...

ea0019p152 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Insulin resistance, body composition and energy expenditure in young south indian males with normal and low birth weight

Thomas Nihal , Spurgeon R , Mercy B , Christopher Solomon , Paul Thomas , Babu LN

Objective: To assess the metabolic characteristics, body composition, Insulin resistance and energy expenditure in young South Indian males with low and normal birth weight.Methodology: A population based cohort of 43 low birth weight (<2.5 kg) and 41 normal birth weight (>2.5 kg) subjects born at term was taken from a rural part in the South Indian state of Tamilnadu. Young healthy males aged 18–22 years were recruited. Following informed c...

ea0019p153 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Metabolic syndrome in type 1 diabetes using IDF guidelines

Santosh S , Santosh D , Evans P

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with a two-fold increase in risk of cardiovascular disease and a five-fold increase in risk for diabetes.The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of MS in patients with Type 1 diabetes using the latest IDF criteria and evaluate any correlation between MS and daily insulin dosage.Seventy-five patients (44 males, 31 females; mean age 43 years; age range 19–73 years) with type 1 d...

ea0019p154 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Prevalence of eating disorder characteristics in the morbidly obese patients

Baker C , Noushad F , Padinjakara RN Kulambil , Ashawesh K , Murthy NPN , Kumar S , Anwar A

Objectives: To find out the proportion of patients with morbid obesity who may have co-existing eating disorders, using EAT-26 (Eating Attitude Test) Questionnaire.Method: All patients who attended the specialist morbid obesity clinic, between January 2005 and December 2007, at a university hospital were included in the study. EAT -26 questionnaires were given to the patients at the time of their referral. The specialist dietician took responsibility for...

ea0019p155 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

7-Oxysterols are metabolised by 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 within the aortic wall but do not directly influence contractility

Mitic T , Walker BR , Andrew R , Hadoke PWF

Recent investigations have suggested that 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (11ßHSD1) activity influences development of atherosclerotic lesions and that pharmacological inhibition of this enzyme may have therapeutic benefits. Whilst these findings have been attributed to glucocorticoid metabolism, 11ßHSD1 also inter-converts 7-oxysterols (oxidized products of cholesterol which may promote atherogenesis). This study investigates whether metabolism of 7-oxystero...

ea0019p156 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Differences in hepatic fatty acid metabolism explain contrasting body weight and steatohepatitis in dietary models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice

Macfarlane D , Andrew R , Morton N , Nyirenda M , Iredale J , Walker B

Background: In mice, a methionine-choline deficient diet (MCDD) causes steatohepatitis and hepatic insulin resistance. In contrast, a simple choline-deficient diet (CDD) causes liver fat accumulation without steatohepatitis, insulin resistance or weight loss. We hypothesised that differences in liver and adipose fatty acid metabolism underlie the contrasting predisposition to steatohepatitis and hepatic insulin resistance.Methods: C57Bl6 mice (male, aged...

ea0019p157 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

The prevalence of erectile dysfunction and its socio-demographic and lifestyle correlates among male type 2 diabetics in Jos, Nigeria

Adegite A , Aniekwensi E , Ohihoin A

Erectile dysfunction(ED) is a common but under – appreciated complication of diabetes. The current pilot study aims to determine the prevalence of ED and its association with a set of socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics among type 2 diabetic men in Jos, Nigeria.Consecutive male type 2 diabetic patients attending a diabetic clinic in Jos were interviewed with the aid of a questionnaire on socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics an...

ea0019p158 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Blood pressure control: comparison between non-diabetics and diabetics in 187 haemodialysis patients

Panteliou E

Objectives: To compare the non diabetic (nonDM; n=124) and diabetic (DM; n=63) patients on haemodialysis (HD) in terms of blood pressure(BP) control.Methods: Retrospective case-note review of 187 HD patients. For statistical analysis the unpaired t-test was employed.Results: Antihypertensive treatment was given to 58.8% of the nonDM and 82.5% of the DM group. In the nonDM and DM groups on antihypertensive treat...

ea0019p159 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Metformin attenuates hypoglycaemia secondary to dumping syndrome

Gonzalez S , Mizban N , King R , Rajeswaran C

Dumping syndrome is a common complication following gastric bypass surgery. Rapid gastric emptying in dumping syndrome triggers an inappropriate hyperinsulinaemic response which leads to hypoglycaemia. This can be very disabling and challenging to manage in clinical practice. Here we present a lady with dumping syndrome whose post meal hypoglycaemia improved with metformin.A 42-year-old female presented with eight months history of increasing mood swings...

ea0019p160 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Activating androgen receptor CAG and GGN polymorphisms and low total testosterone are associated with lower HDL cholesterol in men with type 2 diabetes

Stanworth R , Kapoor D , Channer K , Jones H

Background: Low testosterone levels are a common finding in men with type 2 diabetes and are also associated with low HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels which are an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism (AR CAG) and GGN repeat polymorphism (AR GGN) affect receptor function such that shorter AR CAG and AR GGN=23 are associated with greater transcriptional activity in vitro.Methods and results...

ea0019p161 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

MMIF but not MCP-1 is correlated with adipose-derived TNF alpha in human obesity

Kos Katarina , Wong Steve , Kerrigan David , Pinkney Jonathan , Wilding John

Background: Adipose-tissue (AT)-derived cytokines contribute to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. The systemic inflammation observed in obesity is thought to be mainly derived from the stroma–vascular fraction of adipose tissue due to macrophage-infiltration of AT in obesity. Macrophages are thought to be recruited and trapped in AT by release of chemoattractant-molecules such as monocyte-chemoattractant-protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage-migration-inhibitory-fa...

ea0019p162 | Diabetes, Metabolism and Cardiovascular | SFEBES2009

Diabetic nephropathy: intense intervention or conventional care?

O'Leary H , Jose B , Lazarewicz K , De P

Introduction: All stages of diabetic nephropathy are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. Intensive intervention to achieve target glycaemic control, blood pressure and cholesterol can minimise cardiovascular risk, mainly by reducing proteinuria.Aims: To compare two cohorts of patients, group A, attending a nurse-led clinic in addition to the traditional diabetes renal clinic and group B attending the latter only...