Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Octylphenol (OP) is a degradation product of alkylphenol ethoxylates that are widely used to in rubber, pesticides and paints. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic compound with two functional phenol groups and used to make polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins, along with other applications. OP and BPA are known as endocrine disruptors that can induce inappropriate estrogenic action, and may disturb natural calcium metabolism. In the present study, the effects of OP...

The mechanisms of reproductive malfunction of male mammals caused by atrazine (ATZ) remain unknown. To explore the effects of ATZ on the expressions of StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein), CYP (cytochrome-P450) 11A1, CYP17A1, 3β-HSD (3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase), INSL-3 (insulin-like factor 3), AR (androgen receptor), ER (estrogen receptor), LHR (luteinising hormone receptor) and INH-α (inhibin-alpha), we isolated Leydig cells from healthy immature...

The class of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is comprised of both naturally occurring and man-made compounds which are structurally similar or distinct to estrogen, and can interfere with the actions of an endogenous steroid hormone via estrogen receptors (ERs). Octylphenol (OP) is alkyl phenol chemical, which is considered to be a low-level endocrine disruptor owing to its tendency to mimic estrogen. It has been reported that triclosan can cause endocrine disruption and...

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have brougt the growing concern about the potential to interfere with the endocrine system and to cause health problems. Among EDCs, bisphenol A (BPA) and 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-methoxyphenol)-ethane (methoxychlor, MXC) can bind to estrogen receptors (ERs) and lead abnormality of ER depenent signaling pathways, resulting in human health problems such as dysfuction of reproduction and carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated whethe...

Prostate cancer have been most cause of cancer death to men in recent, but there are not effective treatments for this cancer. In growth of prostate cancer, steroid hormones such as androgen play a role in their growth and survival. However, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) intend to bind the hormone receptor and induce the abnormal hormone response. EDCs have potency to activate estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) mediated signaling pathways, and they cause...

Resveratrol (trans-3,4,5-trihydroxystilbene, RES), a phytoestrogen, exists in grape skin and red wine. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) appear to promote the development and progression of the estrogen dependant cancers. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of RES on the cell growth and progression induced by various EDCs in BG-1 ovarian cancer cells expressing estrogen receptors (ERs). The various EDCs, i.e., bisphenol A (BPA), nonylphenol (NP), octylphenol ...

Glyphosate is a broad spectrum herbicide that is effective against weeds, especially in association with transgenic glyphosate resistant crop systems, and represents approximately 30% of all herbicides used in agriculture. It was demonstrated that glyphosate has an activity of endocrine-chemical disruptor (ECD) in the reproductive axis, altering the production of testosterone and causing disturbances on the reproductive development of male offspring from dams treated during th...

Introduction: There are concerns about the combined estrogenic effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), since mixtures of these chemicals exist in our environment. This study investigated potential synergistic interactions between bisphenol A (BPA) and isobutylparaben (IBP), which are major xenoestrogens used in the manufacture of plastics, cosmetics, drugs, and other products. The combined effects of these two chemicals were analyzed by measuring expression of calbin...

Benzophenones are organic chemicals widely used as stabilizers to UV light irradiation in plastic surface coatings and food packaging. They have been known that their derivatives appear to have cytotoxic effects. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (Benzophenone-3, BP-3) and its metabolite, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (Benzophenone-1, BP-1), are used mostly in the formulation of nail polishes, enamels, bath products, sunscreens and skin care products. In this study, the estrogenic e...

One of estrogens, 17b-estradiol (E2), is a pleiotropic hormone that regulates the growth and differentiation of many tissues and also acts as a mitogen that promotes the development and proliferation of hormone-responsive cancers. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used industrial compound and classified as one of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and especially a xenoestrogen that imitates estrogen in living organisms. In this study, we examined the effect of a phytoestrogen, ...

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor (ED) used as plasticiser present in plastic products of daily use. The leakage of BPA monomer into food, drinks represents the ubiquitous exposure to the general population. BPA stimulatory effect on breast cancer cells growth in vitro and increased incidence of hormone dependent malignancies suspected BPA from carcinogenic effect.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BPA alone and in t...

Introduction: Parabens, esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid, are widely used as an antimicrobial agent in the cosmetic products and pharmaceutical industries. Recently, it has been reported that parabens including methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, isopropyl-, and isobutylparaben act as xenoestrogens, a class of endocrine disruptors. In this study, we hypothesized that parabens may disrupt ovarian follicle maturation in female rats during the neonatal period.<p class="abstex...

We are living in the electronic era and day to day exposed by estrogenic disruptors such as Bisphenol-A (BPA). Electronic gadgets such as cellular phones, CDs, DVDs, RFIDs even baby feeding bottles are made with composition of BPA and their huge application are matter of debate in present. The chronic exposures of BPA have become a major health concern. In this study we assessed the neurobehavioral alterations caused by BPA in the rats. We examined the neurobehavioral changes ...

Background: Human toxicity of bisphenol-A (BPA), a weak estrogenic environmental endocrine disruptor widely used in plastics, babybottles, cans and dental sealants, is under investigation. Human pharmacokinetics involves a rapid inactivation by hepatic glucuronyl- or sulfoconjugation and renal clearance. Fetal or perinatal exposure in rodents is associated with programmed adult reproductive diseases. Human epidemiological studies remain scarce especially concerning testicular ...

Introduction: After binding its ligand, a conformational change in estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) occurs, leading to subsequent homodimerization of two monomeric ERs. The dimer then binds to specific DNA-elements or to other transcription factors already bound on gene promoters to regulate target gene expression. Protein-fragment complementation assays in general are simple tools to monitor protein–protein interactions and are useful to visualize the subcellular sites...

Objective: Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure may promote obesity, but its effect on bone mineral density (BMD) has not been reported in humans. In the present study, we aimed to examine the complex interplay between BPA exposure, fat mass, fat-free mass, serum estradiol, leptin, osteocalcin levels and BMDs in a group of premenopausal women.Methods: A total of 246 Chinese premenopausal women aged 20 years and older with regular menstrual cycles were investigated...

The endocrine disruptor compounds (EDC) (e.g. chlorobenzenes (ClB), phenurone (PU), monurone (MU), diurone (DU)) are accumulative, lipophilic, chemical pollutants that can disturb the homeostatic balance and exert tumorigenic effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of EDCs on the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and prolactin (Prl) release in primary cell cultures derived from rat normal adenohypophysis and prolactinoma.The...

The aim of the current study was to determine whether the porcine ovary was capable of metabolizing polybrominated diphenyl ether – BDE-47, which is the most abundant congener found in wildlife and in humans. It have been showed by us that this congener disrupt ovarian function by direct action on steroidogenesis. In the current study we analyzed the activity and expression of enzymes involved in phase I (CYP1A1 and CYP2B1/2) and phase II (SULT1A and COMT) of BDE-47 metab...

Introduction: Cross-sex hormone treatment (CHT) in male-to-female (M2F) transsexuals affects the hemostatic balance, with the emergence of a prothrombotic state with the use of certain estrogen (oral ethinyl estradiol vs 17β estradiol). Testosterone administration to F2M transsexuals had an antithrombotic effect. In female-to-male in (F2M) transsexuals administration of testosterone seems to carry a mild antithrombotic effect.Objective: To quantify ...

Background: Metabolic syndrome has been introduced to increase the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our aim of this study was to investigate the relation for normal fasting plasma glucose levels and metabolic syndrome in normoglycemic adults.Methods: The study subjects consisted of 636 individuals who visited the Center for Health Promotion in Pusan National University Hospital for a medical checkup in 2002 to 2005. Amon...

Purpose: Disruption in thyroid hormone homeostasis by environmental chemicals during the prenatal and/or neonatal period might lead to developmental disorders since thyroid hormones (T3/T4) play a critical role in growth and the differentiation of many tissues including the central nervous system. Neonatally given T3 or T4 disrupts the thyroid hormone system resulting in decreased serum T4 level in the adulthood in rats. In the present study, changes in gene expression profile...

Exposure to arsenic (As) through consumption of contaminated water is considered one of the top environmental health threats worldwide. Human exposure to As has been associated with cancer of several organs, neurological disorders and reproductive problems. Nevertheless, there are no reports on the effect of As on anterior pituitary gland and little is known about the effect of As on hormone release. We have previously shown that 25 μM As (as sodium arsenite) reduces prol...

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a worldwide used organophosphate insecticide for controlling many types of pests in the household, farm and residential settings. It has the potential to negatively affect the reproductive system and fertility. Nigella sativa has been used both as seeds or oil to promote health and fight disease. Hence, the present work was undertaken to evaluate the possible protective role of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) against chlorpyrifos induced reproductive toxicity in...

It is known that the genetic similarity, embryonic and functional hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system has close correlation with hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Recent research has suggested the existence of interactions between the gonad and the functional capacity of the thyroid.The study was performed on 93 cases admitted to the Endocrinology Clinic during 2005–2011, whose age ranged from 16–44 years. Correlate with clinical features ...

In the thyroid gland pathology, thyroadenitis prominently in their scope, whose etiologic diagnosis is often difficult to objectified and therapeutic attitudes are not yet codified today. mechanisms production in the thyroid thyroid lesions are still far from being elucidated, and concepts are still ongoing reshuffle. There is another explanation that can withstand a critical analysis of how the thyroid’s self tolerance is repealed and the breaking of tolerance in a row f...

Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease in the mass population and one of the most important public health problems. Is recognized as a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, particularly coronary localized, brain, kidney and leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in most industrialized countries and overall.Our study was performed in 121 patients with endocrine disorders (hypercortisolism, acromegaly, hyperthyroidism, hyp...