Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular

ea0031p177 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Association of calcium-sensing receptor polymorphisms with vascular calcification and glucose homeostasis in renal transplant recipients

Babinsky Valerie N , Hannan Fadil M , Youhanna Sonia , Devuyst Olivier , Thakker Rajesh V

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a G-protein coupled receptor that regulates extracellular calcium concentration. The CaSR is also implicated in the pathogenesis of non-calcium disorders such as vascular calcification and diabetes, which are leading causes of cardiovascular disease. Common CaSR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been demonstrated to be determinants of calcium metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CaSR SNPs may influence va...

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ea0031p178 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Testosterone stimulates cholesterol efflux and metabolism in human macrophages via liver X receptor

Kilby Elizabeth , Jones Hugh

Low testosterone is associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) diseases such as atherosclerosis. Testosterone replacement improves several CV risk factors including lowering cholesterol. Liver X receptor α (LXRα) is present in various cell types such as macrophages where it stimulates cholesterol efflux and this ability means LXRα agonists are a potential therapy for atherosclerosis. It was therefore proposed that testosterone acts to reduce ...

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ea0031p179 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

FGF21 action on human adipose tissue compromised by reduced βKlotho and FGFR1 expression in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Piya Milan K , Harte Alison L , Chittari Madhu V , Tripathi Gyanendra , Kumar Sudhesh , McTernan Philip G

Background/objectives: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a potent hormone known to reduce glycaemia and improve insulin resistance with anti-obesity effects. Although mainly secreted in the liver, adipose tissue is considered an important target for its function. Whilst FGF21 has been shown to be expressed in murine adipose tissue, studies in human adipose tissue are lacking. Therefore our aim was to examine the expression of FGF21, FGF21 receptor-1 (FGFR1), βKlotho ...

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ea0031p180 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

A component of transcriptional PRC2 complex, enhancer of zest homology, modulates endothelial cell responses to hypoxia and post-ischemic angiogenesis in a mouse model of limb ischemia

Mitic Tijana , Anannya Orchi , Emanueli Costanza

Endothelial cells (ECs) have major role in post-ischemic angiogenesis. Trimethylation of lysine 27 of histone3 (H3K27me3) is a repressive epigenetic mark carried by EZH2 enzyme, the catalytic part of Polycomb complex2 (PRC2, also comprising the suppressor of zeste 12 homolog (Suz12)). We investigated if in vitro hypoxia and in vivo limb ischemia affect the expression of PRC2 in ECs and mouse limb muscles, respectively. Then, modulation of angiogenic genes by ...

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ea0031p181 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

The role of hepatic 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in cholesterol homeostasis

Manwani Kajal , Man Tak Y , Kenyon Christopher J , Andrew Ruth , Chapman Karen E , Seckl Jonathan R

11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type one (11β-HSD1) converts inert glucocorticoids to active forms, amplifying intracellular glucocorticoid action. 11β-HSD1 also catalyses the reduction of seven-ketocholesterol (7KC) to 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7βHC). 7KC may inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis (Brown et al. 2002). Alteration of cholesterol homeostasis is a major atherosclerotic risk factor. 11β-HSD1 deficiency/inhibition is atheroprotective ...

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ea0031p182 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Vitamin B12 and folate imbalance induces cholesterol synthesis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in human adipocytes

Adaikalakoteswari Antonysunil , Moore Jonathan , Ciara Mccarthy , Voyais Philip , Mcternan Philip , Saravanan Ponnusamy , Tripathi Gyanendra

Adipose tissue (AT) plays a central role in integrating energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis. It is the major site of fatty acid storage as triglycerides and is bodys largest cholesterol pool. In AT cholesterol is mostly found in its free, non-esterified form. There is accumulating evidence that cholesterol imbalance in AT is closely associated with adipocyte dysfunction and obesity-mediated metabolic complications, including low levels of high-density lipoprotein c...

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ea0031p183 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

The effects of Syzygium aromaticum-derived oleanolic acid on reactive oxygen species in the heart, liver and kidney of STZ-induced diabetic rats

Mkhwanazi Blessing , Sibiya Ntethelelo , Serumala Metse , Myburg Rene , Musabayane Cephas T

The onset of diabetic complications is attributed to sustained hyperglycemia which triggers the generation of free radicals and oxidative-related damage in the retina, renal glomerulus and peripheral nerves. Recent studies report that intense glycaemic control by the subcutaneous administration of insulin cannot completely restore the balance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidants. Preliminary studies in our laboratory indicate that transdermally delivered Syzygi...

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ea0031p184 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Effects of vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure, glucocorticoids and cardiovascular risk markers in healthy subjects

Al-dujaili Emad , Giudice Veronica , Fyfe Lorna , Kita Joanna

Background: Recently, vitamin D has received an enormous attention, primarily at the public health level due to its numerous biological effects. It has been suggested that vitamin D deficiency may adversely affect blood pressure and the cardiovascular system. The aim of this project was to determine the possible effects and association between vitamin D intake, blood pressure, glucocorticoids and CVD risk factors.Methods: Two pilot studies have been carr...

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ea0031p185 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Knockdown of brain 11β-HSD1 does not lower body weight or improve insulin sensitivity

Harno Erika , Cottrell Elizabeth C , DeSchoolmeester Joanne , Turnbull Andrew V , Leighton Brendan , White Anne

Glucocorticoids act on several major neuropeptide networks in the hypothalamus which are important for regulation of energy balance and insulin sensitivity. Active glucocorticoids (cortisol/corticosterone in humans/rodents) can be regenerated from their inactive forms by the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type one (11β-HSD1) which is expressed in the hypothalamus. Therefore we decreased 11β-HSD1 expression in the brain to investigate the role of regener...

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ea0031p186 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

C-type natriuretic peptide down regulates interferon γ mediated pro-inflammatory gene expression in human endothelium

Day Amy , Fowkes Robert , Lawson Charlotte

Cardiovascular diseases account for more deaths in the Western world than from any other cause. Atherosclerosis has a chronic inflammatory component involving Th1 pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, which is known to induce endothelial cell inflammatory responses. CNP, acting via its receptors to elevate intracellular cGMP, is produced by endothelium and endocardium and is upregulated in atherosclerosis. It is believed to be protective yet its role in vascular infla...

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ea0031p187 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Acute effects of co-infusion of peptide YY (3–36) and glucagon-like peptide-1 on insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity

Tan Tricia , Salem Victoria , Troke Rachel , De Silva Akila , Alsafi Ali , Misra Shivani , Baynes Kevin , Ghatei Mohammed , Minnion James , Field Ben , Godsland Ian , Bloom Stephen R

The amelioration of type 2 diabetes and sustained weight loss after bariatric surgery are thought to be due to elevated circulating levels of the gut hormones peptide YY336 (PYY336) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 augments the insulin response to an oral glucose load. PYY336 has appetite-inhibitory effects and contributes to longer-term weight loss. Rodent studies provide conflicting data regarding the effects of PY...

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ea0031p188 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Human abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes as an active source of LpPLA2, influenced by fat depot and metabolic state, with LpPLA2 converting LDL into more potent atherogenic Ox-LDL, in vitro

Kumsaiyai Warunee , Harte Alison , Al-Naji Fadi , Al-Daghri Nasser , Kyrou Ioannis , Barber Thomas , Sabico Shaun , Tripathi Gyanendra , McTernan Philip

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LpPLA2) is a member of the phospholipaseA2 super family of enzymes, and is upregulated in arterial inflammation, obesity and cardiovascular disease. The other isoforms, iPLA2 and cPLA2, appear to contribute to inflammation through production of lipid mediators. The role of PLA2 in human adipose tissue (AT) is unclear, therefore we sought to i) characterise PLA2 isoforms in lean, obese, T2DM abdominal subcutaneous (AbdSc) and omental (Om...

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ea0031p189 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

The role of glucocorticoid metabolism in bile acid homeostasis

Opiyo Monica Naomi , Kenyon Christopher , Manwani Kajal , Man Tak , Seckl Jonathan , Andrew Ruth , Chapman Karen

Background and aims: Bile acids regulate cholesterol metabolism and the digestive system. They are conserved through enterohepatic circulation, a glucocorticoid-modulated process. We investigated whether the regeneration of active glucocorticoid by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type one (11β-HSD1) affects bile acid release and enterohepatic transport after re-feeding.Methods: Bile acid turnover was assessed in global (Hsd11b11<...

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ea0031p190 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Testosterone differentially regulates lipid and glucose metabolism in visceral and subcutaneous fat in the testicular feminised mouse

Kelly Daniel , Muraleedharan Vakkat , Akhtar Samia , Channer Kevin , Jones T Hugh

Objectives: Testosterone deficiency is common in obese men with type 2 diabetes. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) improves insulin resistance, glycaemic control and cholesterol in hypogonadal men, and TRT reduces body fat mass. Adipose tissue plays a major role in glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity through the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. There are functional differences between subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue. This study investigates the...

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ea0031p191 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Novel inositol pyrophosphate and insulin sensitivity in response to muscle contraction in glucose intolerant humans

Naufahu Jane , Watt Peter , Mellish Louise , Elliott Bradley , Kerekgyarto Anna , Mackenzie Richard

Peripheral insulin resistance is a major defect associated with glucose intolerance and type two diabetes. Yet the mechanism(s) responsible for this defect remain to be determined. Inositol pyrophosphate (IP7) is formed via the enzyme IP6K1 from IP6. The inhibition of Akt, and the potential decrease in insulin signalling, through the binding of IP7 to the Akt PH domain represents an exciting research area.Firstly, we will characterise this mechanism in h...

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ea0031p192 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Augurin stimulates food intake in male Wistar rats

Patterson Michael , Tadross John , Suzuki Keisuke , Beale Kylie , Boughton Charoltte , Ghatei Mohammad , Bloom Stephen

Augurin is a putative neuropeptide product of the esophageal cancer-related gene-4. We have previously demonstrated intra-cerebroventricular (ICV) and intra-paraventricular nucleus (iPVN) administration of augurin (71148) stimulates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in male Wistar rats. This effect was dependent on the release of CRH. Since CRH is known to inhibit feeding, we hypothesised augurin (71148) would have similar actions. We therefore investigated th...

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ea0031p193 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Abstract withdrawn...

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ea0031p194 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Intracellular delivery of therapeutic siRNA via an antennapedia-double stranded RNA binding domain fusion protein as a novel strategy for PTP1B translation attenuation in type 2 diabetes

Tsimon Myrsini , Murphy John , Barr Alastair

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterised by insulin resistance and is associated with diminished signalling through the insulin receptor. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), encoded by the PTPN1 gene, has been shown to attenuate insulins actions by de-phosphorylating the activated insulin receptor and downstream signalling components such as IRS1. Several studies have highlighted PTP1B as a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes and obesity; h...

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ea0031p195 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Replication of genome wide association-validated loci for type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Saudi Arabian population

Al-Daghri Nasser , Alkharfy Khalid , Alokail Majed , Alenad Amal , Al-Attas Omar , Mohammad Abdul Khader , Sabico Shaun , Albagha Omar

Background: Previous genome wide association studies in Caucasian and South Asian populations have identified over 35 loci for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. However, little is known about the contribution of these loci in T2DM from a Saudi Arabian population. In this study we investigated for the first time, the association of 38 previously identified T2DM risk loci (32 loci from Caucasian and six loci from South Asian populations) in 1166 T2DM patients and 1235 health...

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ea0031p196 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Cellular consequences for insulin signal transduction of the naturally occurring AKT2 p.Glu17Lys mutation

Minic Marina , Rocha Nuno , Challis Ben , Groeneveld Matthijs , Rahilly Stephen O' , Semple Robert

Introduction: We have reported a syndrome of hypoketotic hypoglycaemia due to the de novo p.Glu17Lys mutation in AKT2, a serine threonine kinase central to insulin signalling. We aimed to evaluate further the physiological and cellular consequences of the p.Glu17Lys mutation.Results: Two previously reported 17-year-old men heterozygous for the AKT2 p.Glu17Lys mutation, each of whom had experienced severe fasting hypoglycaemia in early life, were...

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ea0031p197 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

DPPIV and macronutrients regulate the expression of PYY3–36 in human gut epithelial cells

Kosicka Anna , Renshaw Derek , Zariwala Mohammed Gulrez

The enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) is expressed by gut epithelial cells. DPP-IV cleaves X-proline dipeptides from the N-terminus of polypeptide hormones including GLP-1, GIP and PYY. DPP-IV causes a deactivation of the incretin hormones GLP-1 and GIP, whereas conversely, by converting PYY136 to PYY336 it allows specific activation of the Y2 receptors in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus leading to hypophagia. Infused PYY336 has been ...

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ea0031p198 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Inflammatory markers in diabetic foot and impact of vitamin D deficiency

Kota Sunil Kumar , Meher Lalit Kumar , Jammula Sruti , Modi Kirtikumar D

Objective: i) To evaluate plasma levels of IL6, adiponectin and resistin in subjects with diabetic foot in comparison with subjects without foot complications. ii) To assess the impact of vitamin D status on the levels of above inflammatory markers.Methods: A total 100 diabetic foot cases and 100 diabetic controls were recruited in the study. Serum level of 25OH vitamin D was estimated from the cases & controls by RIA. Serum IL6, adiponectin and resi...

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ea0031p199 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

The possible involvement of the receptor for advanced glycation end products in vascular senescence in diabetes

Joharatnam Nalinie , Yoshimoto Takanobu

Introduction: RAGE activation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vasculopathy, however the signal transduction mechanism downstream of RAGE is not fully understood. Yoshimoto et al. previously established the RAGE-overexpressed vascular smooth muscle cell line, RAGE-A10, and found that its slow growth rate and increased monocyte chemotactic protein-one (MCP-1) mRNA expression were analogous to the phenomenon of senescence. Senescent cells display characterist...

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ea0031p200 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Effects of Syzygium aromaticum-derived oleanolic acid administration on postprandial glucose concentration and key intestinal carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Hadebe Silindile , Dube Sinenkosi , Khathi Andile , Serumula Metse , Myburg Rene , Musabayane Cephas T

The magnitude and duration of postprandial blood glucose elevations due to hydrolysis of carbohydrates are major risk factors of diabetes and coronary heart diseases. Inhibition of the key carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes in the small intestine suppresses postprandial blood glucose peaks and reduces chronic vascular complications in diabetic subjects. Recent reports indicate that Syzygium spp-derived oleanolic acid (OA) inhibits glucose transport in the small intestin...

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ea0031p201 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Unfolded protein response pathway, IRE1α-XBP1 is altered during adipogenesis in obese human adipocytes

Voyias Philip , McCarthy Ciara , Antonysunil Adaikala , Kumsaiyai Warunee , Harte Alison , McTernan Philip , Tripathi Gyanendra

Background: Adipose tissue (AT) plays a central role in obesity-related complications such as cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance, and type two diabetes. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying adipocyte formation is of both fundamental and clinical relevance. It has been reported that UPR pathway, IRE1α-XBP1 regulates hepatic lipogenesis and the role of this pathway in adipogenesis in murine adipocytes has also been confirmed. Our tea...

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ea0031p202 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Vitamin D and insulin resistance: no association in healthy overweight people at high risk of cardiovascular disease

Wallace Ian , McEvoy Claire , Hamill Lesley , Ennis Cieran , Bell Patrick , Hunter Steven , Woodside Jayne , Young Ian , McKinley Michelle

Observational studies suggest reduced vitamin D levels are associated with an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We examined the relationship with insulin resistance (assessed using a two-step euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp technique) in 92 overweight, non-diabetic individuals with no history of cardiovascular disease - mean age 56 years (range 4077 years), 64% males, 36% females, BMI 30.9 kg/m2 (range 26.436.9 kg/m2), fasti...

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ea0031p203 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Evaluation of efficacy of transdermal delivery of chloroquine on Plasmodium berghei-infected male Sprague–Dawley rats and effects on blood glucose and renal electrolyte handling

Murambiwa Pretty , Tufts Mark , Mukaratirwa Samson , Van Heerden Fanie R , Murabayane Cephas T

Chloroquine (CHQ) the most frequently used drug for falciparum malaria in sub-Saharan Africa countries evokes adverse effects on glucose homeostasis and kidney function in African children. The complications can partly be ascribed to transiently high plasma CHQ concentrations following oral administration and/or malaria parasites. We have, however, reported that topical application of the pectin CHQ matrix patch releases CHQ into the bloodstream. Accordingly, the curr...

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ea0031p204 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Altered mitochondrial dynamics in obesity: redressing the balance through bariatric surgery?

McCarthy Ciara , Voyias Philip , Antonysunil Adaikala , Harte Alison , Saravanan Ponnusamy , Kyrou Ioannis , Tripathi Gyanendra , McTernan Philip

Mitochondria are essential for synthesising ATP required for cellular metabolism. Mitochondria are able to alter their morphology and abundance through the balance of fission and fusion genes. T2DM is often accompanied by a metabolic syndrome within the individual. The aim of my PhD is to investigate whether metabolic dysregulation in T2DM can be linked to dysfunction within their mitochondria.Declaration of funding: EPSRC....

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ea0031p205 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Irisin as a central regulator in energy homeostasis?

Piya Milan K , Harte Alison L , Sukumar Kavitha , James Sean , Tripathi Gyanendra , Kumar Sudhesh , Vatish Manu , McTernan Philip G

Background/objectives: Irisin is a novel myokine, released predominantly by skeletal muscle. Peripheral action of irisin improves glucose homeostasis, increases energy expenditure and induces browning of adipocytes, with therapeutic potential for use in weight loss. However, there are no human studies on the central role of irisin in the regulation of appetite or energy expenditure. This study sought to examine the potential central role of irisin, by demonstrating irisin in h...

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ea0031p206 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Ileal interposition with diverted sleeve gastrectomy for treatment of type 2 diabetes

Kota Sunil Kumar , Ugale Surendra , Gupta Neeraj , Modi Kirtikumar D

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the results of laparoscopic ileal interposition (II) with diverted sleeve gastrectomy (DSG) for control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and related metabolic abnormalities.Methods: All patients underwent II+DSG. They had T2DM ≥5 years with poor glycemic control despite adequate dosage of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) and/ or insulin. The primary outcome was remission of diabetes (HbA1C <6.5% without OHA...

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ea0031p207 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Polycystic ovary syndrome has no independent effect on vascular, inflammatory or thrombotic markers when matched for obesity

Kahal Hassan , Aburima Ahmed , Ungvari Tamas , Rigby Alan , Dawson Alison , Coady Anne-Marie , Vince Rebecca , Ajjan Ramzi , Kilpatrick Eric , Naseem Khalid , Atkin Stephen

Introduction: Previous studies investigating cardiovascular (CV) risk in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been potentially confounded by not adequately accounting for body weight.Objective: To assess if PCOS increases CV risk independently in young obese women by examining carotid intima-media wall thickness (cIMT) and platelet function.Design: A cross-sectional study comparing women with PCOS (n=21) ...

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ea0031p208 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Leptin in serum and vitreous humor, and retinal ob mRNA, in human diabetes

Imran Syed A , Wilkinson Diane A , Tan Alex Y , Dickinson John D , O'Brien Dan M , Samad Arif , Wilkinson Michael

Introduction: Elevated intraocular (vitreous) leptin is implicated in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The source of vitreous leptin is uncertain and it could be derived from systemic leptin. However we showed that leptin (ob) mRNA is present in rat retina, suggesting that retinal tissue could also be a source of intraocular leptin. The present investigation quantified ob mRNA in human retinal tissue obtained from diabetic and control cadavers. In a parall...

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ea0031p209 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

The endocrine and metabolic characteristics of a large Bardet–Biedl syndrome clinic population

Mujahid Safa , Huda Mohammed , Forsythe Elizabeth , Hazlehurst Jonathan , Tomlinson Jeremy , Beales Philip , Carroll Paul , McGowan Barbara

Background: Bardet Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by ciliary dysfunction. It is characterised by rod cone dystrophy, polydactyly, renal dysfunction, cognitive impairment. Endocrine consequences are thought to include hypogonadism, obesity and polyuria. However little is known about the endocrine and metabolic abnormalities in adult patients.Methods: One hundred and fifty-four patients with BBS were identified through t...

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ea0031p210 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Maternal B12 insufficiency predicts neonate's metabolic risk factors

Adaikalakoteswari Antonysunil , Alexander Lawson , Webster Craig , Wood Catherine , Anderson Neil , Sivakumar Kavitha , McTernan Philip , Tripathi Gyanendra , Vatish Manu , Saravanan Ponnusamy

Studies in India (vegetarian population) show that vitamin B12 insufficiency is common in pregnancy and independently predict adiposity and insulin resistance in the offspring. Epigenetic programming is postulated as, along with folic acid, B12 is crucial for DNA methylation. Therefore, we investigated whether maternal B12 levels in a non-vegetarian UK population predict metabolic risk of the offspring.Paired maternal venous and cord blood samples (n...

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ea0031p211 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

The use of GLP-1 receptor agonists to manage unwanted weight gain in patients with ‘hypothalamic’ obesity secondary to structural pituitary pathology

Kyaw Ye , Mogford Julianne , Hordern Victoria , Russell-Jones David

Introduction:: The hypothalamus is intimately involved in weight homeostasis. Pituitary tumours and treatment for pituitary tumours has been well described to induce obesity in certain subjects presumably due hypothalamic irritation or dysfunction. This is often very challenging to treat.GLP-1 analogues have direct central effects and have been shown to be effective for weight loss in obese patients with and without diabetes mellitus.<p class="abstex...

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ea0031p212 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

The public distress domain of quality of life correlates directly and independently with BMI in pre-operative morbidly obese patients awaiting metabolic surgery

Aftab Syed Abdus Saboor , Reddy N , Piya MK , Fraser I , Menon V , Bridgwater S , halder L , Kendrick D , Kumar S , Barber TM

Background: There is uncertainty regarding the selection of obese patients for metabolic procedures, how to define a successful outcome and pre-operative predictors of success. Our aim was to explore the influence of obesity on preoperative quality of life in patients awaiting bariatric surgery.Methods: Pre-operative data were accrued for morbidly obese patients (n=70) at the University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire (UHCW) during the last ...

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ea0031p213 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Pregestational BMI predicts neonatal hypoglycemia in women with gestational diabetes

Ahmad Ayesha , Jindal Radhika , Siddiqui Mohammad , Wangnoo Subhash

Background and aims: In diabetic pregnancy, neonatal hypoglycemia (NH) is usually attributed to insufficient regulation of maternal glycemic control. Recent data suggest that maternal BMI could have an influence on NH. The objective of this study was to determine whether an association exists between maternal prepregnancy BMI and occurrence of NH among infants born to women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Materials and methods: This was a retros...

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ea0031p214 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Effectiveness of bariatric surgery in women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome

Kyriacou Angelos , Hunter Louise , Tolofari Sotonye , Syed Akheel

Introduction: The prevalence of clinical obesity in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is 50%. Weight loss is effective at enhancing insulin sensitivity, reducing hyperandrogenaemia, improving hirsutism and restoring menstrual regularity and fertility in PCOS. However, women with PCOS appear to be less responsive to weight loss interventions including some bariatric surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to compare weight loss outcomes of gastric bypass surg...

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ea0031p215 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Octreotide therapy of chronic urticaria and angioedema after gastric bypass procedure

Varghese Jeanny , Malik Mohamed , Sewell Carrock

Background: The exact changes of hormones and the relative importance of these to the metabolic improvement after bariatric surgery remain to be explored. We highlight the unusual case of a patient who developed episodes of angioedema post roux-en-y surgery for weight reduction.Case: A 38-year-old man with a BMI of 50 kg/m2, had laparoscopic Roux-en-y bypass surgery, resulting in 89 kg loss over 1218 months. Six to twelve 12 months post-...

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ea0031p216 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in severely obese patients seeking bariatric surgery

Smith Rachel , Batterham Rachel , Finer Nick

Background and objectives: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is common in obese individuals. We aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency within a cohort of severely obese individuals, exploring potential underlying associations.Methods: In a retrospective analysis of 703 patients sequentially presenting for bariatric surgery assessment, 663 had complete demographic, anthropometric, and haematological measures (vitamin D, folate, ...

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ea0031p217 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Appetite regulation during a 6-month military tour to Afghanistan

Hill N E , Fallowfield J L , Delves S K , Brett S J , Wilson D R , Frost G , Dhillo W , Bloom S R , Murphy K G

Background: Military personnel on operational deployment commonly lose weight despite the adequate supply of rations. Moderate weight loss (~5% body mass) occurred during the initial phase of a 6-month deployment to Afghanistan without affecting physical fitness. Reasons for this weight loss are presently unknown. We sought to establish whether changes in appetite regulatory hormones contribute to the observed weight loss.Methods: Body mass and body comp...

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ea0031p218 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Weight loss after bariatric surgery in women of childbearing age

Alatishe Aderinsola , Ammori Basil J , New John P , Syed Akheel A

Obesity increases the risk of pregnancy-related complications such as miscarriage, foetal abnormalities, hypertension, diabetes, thrombosis, caesarean section and infection. Although bariatric surgery addresses some of these risks, women should defer pregnancy for 12-24 months postoperatively until weight loss has plateaued due to concerns regarding limited maternal weight loss and foetal nutritional deficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of pregnancy on ...

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ea0031p219 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Eating more quickly heightens overall systemic exposure to glucose and NEFA in the post-prandial phase, irrespective of energy expenditure in obese women

Reddy Narendra , Peng Chen , Piya Milan K , Aftab Saboor A S , Campbell Alison , Hattersley John , Halder Louise , Harte Alison L , Randeva Harpal , Tripathi Gyanendra , McTernan Philip G , Kumar Sudhesh , Barber Thomas M

Background/aim: The global obesity epidemic has promoted a search for novel solutions. One approach is through modification of eating-related behaviours. Our aim was to explore the effects of meal duration on energy expenditure, appetite and excursions of molecules associated with insulin sensitivity in the post-prandial phase.Methods: Normoglycaemic, pre-menopausal, Caucasian obese women (n=8) were recruited from the Obesity clinic at Warwicksh...

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ea0031p220 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Hepatic 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 is elevated following weight loss secondary to bariatric surgery

Woods Conor , Taylor Angela , Hughes Beverly , Corrigan Michelle , Stewart Paul , Tomlinson Jeremy , Shea Donal O , Sherlock Mark

In the pathogenesis of obesity, dysregulated tissue cortisol metabolism (controlled by 11β-HSD1), is postulated to be involved. Fifteen patients (seven mens, mean BMI 50.8±7 kg/m2) awaiting Roux En Y gastric Bypass (RYGB) surgery underwent assessment of 11β-HSD1 activity using cortisol generation profile. Corticosteroids in serum and subcutaneous adipose tissue microdialysis fluid and urinary corticosteroid metabolites were analysed by liquid and gas ...

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ea0031p221 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Brown adipose tissue identification in an adult human using IDEAL MRI

Reddy Narendra , Jones Terence , Wayte Sarah , Adesanya Oludolapo , Yeo Yen , Randeva Harpal , Kumar Sudhesh , Hutchinson Charles , Barber Tom

Aim: Manipulation of human brown adipose tissue (BAT) represents a novel therapeutic option for diabesity. The aim of our study was to develop and test a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based method to identify human BAT and delineate it from white adipose tissue (WAT), and validate it by providing immunohistochemical confirmation.Methods: Initial scanning with 18F-FDG PETCT radiotracer uptake on a 25-year-old Caucasian female wit...

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ea0031p222 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Vitamin D supplementation as influenced by diabetic therapies

Alkharfy Khalid , Al-Daghri Nasser , Al-Othman Abdulaziz , Moharram Osama , Alokail Majed , Al-Saleh Yousef , Sabico Shaun , McTernan Philip

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease reduced through Vitamin D3 supplementation. However to the best of our knowledge, no research has determined the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation in conjunction with existing pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to the DMT2 population. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation in a co...

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ea0031p223 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Association of the incidence of type 1 diabetes with markers of infection and antibiotic susceptibility at country level

Abela Alexia-Giovanna , Fava Stephen

Aim: To investigate the association between country incidence of type one diabetes (T1DM) and mortality from infectious disease as well as to antibiotic susceptibilityMaterials and methods: An ecological study correlating data from the WHO DiaMond Project for the incidence of T1DM, the WHO estimates of mortality (2004) from communicable diseases and the Alexander Project for bacterial susceptibility to antimicrobial agents.Results:...

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ea0031p224 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

A pilot study of 25-hydroxy vitamin D level in type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic retinopathy

Abdelsalam Mona

Background: Many cellular, preclinical and observational studies support a role for vitamin D (VD) in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. VD is suggested to be an inhibitor of angiogenesis. A growing body of evidence suggests an association between VD inadequacy and diabetic retinopathy.Objective: To study the relation between 25 (OH) vitamin D level and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to evaluate for any relation...

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ea0031p225 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients attending the National Severe Insulin Resistance Service

Leiter Sarah M , Sleigh Alison , Adams Claire , Harris Julie , Lomas David J , Allison Michael , Semple Robert , Savage David , Stears Anna

Introduction: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is greatly increased in patients with lipodystrophy and some other forms of severe insulin resistance. Liver biopsy remains the definitive technique for diagnosis and staging of NAFLD. However, non-invasive techniques, such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are increasingly used to assess response to therapeutic interventions. The National Severe Insulin Resist...

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ea0031p226 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

A study of serum osteocalcin level in women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Abdelsalam Mona

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus complicates up to 14% of pregnancies worldwide. Gestational diabetes mellitus women are more frequently affected by changes in bone turnover during pregnancy. Osteocalcin, ostoblast derived protein is suspected to be involved in the regulation of glucose and fat metabolism.Aim of the work: is to study serum osteocalcin levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.Subjects and method...

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ea0031p227 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Short term calorie restriction: effects on endocrine markers of nutritional status

Jain Swati , Singh Som Nath

Calorie restriction (CR), a form of dietary regime which reduces caloric intake below the habitual unrestricted food intake is a strategy to control weight. The benefits associated with CR are numerous but the associated constant feeling of hunger makes adherence to the CR regime difficult. In the present study certain appetite regulatory hormones and endocrine markers during CR were studied. Male SpragueDawley rats were randomly divided into control and test groups (<em...

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ea0031p228 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

The development of a structured education programme to improve cardiovascular risk in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (SUCCESS Study)

Mani Hamidreza , Daly Heather , Barnett Janette , Levy Miles , Khunti Kamlesh , Howlett Trevor , Davies Melanie

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has a prevalence of 1015% and is associated with metabolic and mental health consequences. There is evidence that structured education programmes improve illness perception, quality of life and the metabolic profile in other chronic conditions however evidence for structured patient education in PCOS is lacking.We aimed to use an iterative cycle of research to develop a pragmatic educational interventi...

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ea0031p229 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Hypogonadism in males with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Adesanya Adewole

Background and objective: There have been reported increase prevalence of hypogonadism in diabetic men compared to age matched non-diabetic men. The objective of this study was to assess the level of androgens in T2DM patients and non-diabetics and correlate it with erectile function and visceral adiposity.Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study of 160 male patients with T2DM (study subjects) and 80 age matched non-diabetics (control subjec...

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ea0031p230 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Obesity-related hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism: recovery of normal pituitary–gonadal axis function following bariatric surgery

Santhakumar Anjali , Wahid Shaz , Quinton Richard

Background: Functional hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (FHH) occurs in the context of any chronic disease including obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and/or metabolic syndrome. FHH is reversible with resolution of the underlying disease process. Reported benefits of bariatric surgery include improvements in lipid profile, blood pressure and resolution of T2DM. Here we report reversal of FHH and T2DM with bariatric surgery-associated weight loss.C...

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ea0031p231 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Risk assessment of adult residents in ile-ife, South-Western Nigeria for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ajani Gbadebo , Ikem Rosemary , Enikuomehin Adenike , Soyoye David , Kolawole Babatope

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a potentially preventable disease that is presently increasing in epidemic proportion worldwide. Its onset can also be delayed with an appropriate and timely intervention if people at risk are identified early. This study determined risk levels of adults in Nigeria for type 2 DM by using Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC).Method: During our local activities for world diabetes day in 2011, adults who were...

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ea0031p232 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Adrenal insufficiency post bariatric surgery

Shankaran Vani , Barclay Amanda , Cinnadorai Rajeshwaran , Thida Myat , Srinivasan Balasubramaniyan

Introduction: NICE recommends weight loss surgery as a treatment option for people with obesity. However, long term data on outcomes and complications on surgery are limited. We report unexplained adrenal insufficiency post bariatric surgery.Case report: Patient one27 years old lady underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Weight loss (kg) was from 130.2 to 73.2 over a 2-year period. Patient complained of general unwell and dizzi...

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ea0031p233 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Pregnancy outcome in a patient with lipodystrophy and type 2 diabetes

Shonibare Tolulope , Butt Muhammad

Background: A 23-year-old woman diagnosed with Dunnigan-type familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) attended the joint Antenatal/Endocrine Clinic at 13 weeks of gestation. She was diagnosed at age 7 and subsequently developed type 2 diabetes at age 11 years. She was managed initially with metformin followed by addition of insulin. It was an unplanned pregnancy and her booking HbA1c was 8.4% (IFCC 68 mmol/mol).Prior to pregnancy, she was on a basal bolus r...

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ea0031p234 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Impaired iron status in severely obese bariatric surgery candidates is multifactorial

Smith Rachel , Finer Nick

Background and objectives: Obesity is associated with a relatively high prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency compared to normal weight individuals; the cause is unknown. We aimed to determine the prevalence of iron deficiency and anaemia in a severely obese cohort of bariatric surgery candidates, and to explore underlying associations with markers of nutrition and inflammation.Methods: In a retrospective review of 703 consecutive patients presenting...

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ea0031p235 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

What lies beneath: a case of spontaneous hypoglycaemia or glucose transporter type 1 defect disguised as chronic fatigue?

Kumar Mohit , Mukherjee Annice , Hendriksz Chris

A 42-year-old female had extensive neurological investigations (normal MRI brain, EEG, NCS). A low CSF glucose triggered endocrine referral. She had a history of ill health/fatigue since 19 years when she had a viral illness with seizure-like episode and transient wheelchair dependance, with no formal diagnosis made. She had recurrent symptoms including fatigue, myalgia and weakness, with some relation to hunger and fasting.Physical examination revealed ...

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ea0031p236 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Improvement in testosterone post bariatric surgery

Shankaran Vani , Barclay Amanda , Cinnadorai Rajeswaran , Thida Myat , Balasubramanian Srinivasan

Introduction: Obesity is known to be associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Hypogonadism is an established risk factor for cardio vascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However there is little evidence on improvement in testosterone with bariatric surgery.Aim and methods: To asses changes in testosterone levels after bariatric surgery. Retrospective study on men undergoing bariatric surgery, and data collected pre and post surgery....

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ea0031p237 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Prevalence and associated risks for metabolic syndrome in nigerians with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Soyoye David , Adebayo Olorunfemi , Kolawole Babatope , Ikem Rosemary

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is considered a cardiovascular risk equivalent. The presence of other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes may imply synergy for the occurrence and severity of cardiovascular morbidities and mortalities. Metabolic syndrome is the presence of these clusters of cardiovascular risks in an individual. Metabolic syndrome has been shown to be associated with some traditional risk factors and emerging risk factors.<p class="abstext...

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ea0031p238 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Ethnic specific anthropometric values have been used by the International Diabetes Federation to aid in the diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome: no such values are available for Sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria

Enang Ofem , Essien Okon , Fasanmade Olufemi , Ohwovoriole Augustine

Objectives: To determine the mean and normative values of anthropometry among the inhabitants of a coastal Nigerian city.Methods: A cross sectional survey comprising 1134 subjects (645 males and 489 females) representative of the entire population of Calabar metropolis aged 1579 was studied. A multistage sampling method was applied to select the subjects. Using a modification of WHO STEPS instrument the information obtained included anthropometric ...

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ea0031p239 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Preoperative characteristics of morbidly obese patients who achieved at least 50% excess weight loss post-metabolic Surgery

Aftab Syed Abdus Saboor , Reddy N , Piya MK , Fraser I , Menon V , Bridgwater S , Halder L , Kendrick D , Kumar S , Barber TM

Background: Pre-operative predictive measures of post-metabolic surgery success would facilitate a more refined evidence-based selection of patients. This study aimed at identifying those clinical and psycho-social predictors of success (defined as weight-loss) following metabolic surgery.Methods: Pre-operative data including IWQOL-Lite questionnaire (a validated self-reported 31-item measure of physical function, self-esteem, sexual life, public distres...

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ea0031p240 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Glycaemic variability: does it make a difference in prediabetes?

Paul Thomas , Garg Dinesh , Shyamasunder Asha , Thomas Nihal , Jeyaraman Kanakamani , Devanithi Nithya , Prasanna Samuel

Introduction: Glycaemic variability has been proposed as a contributing factor for development of diabetes related complications. This concept originated from Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study, in which, although the HbA1C was similar in conventional and intensively treated groups, the incidence of retinopathy was higher in the conventional group. This was attributed to glycaemic variability. Studying glycaemic variability in prediabetes wou...

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ea0031p241 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Unusual case of hypoglycaemia in diabetic patient

Nyunt Aye

A 73-year-old lady with a history of type two diabetes since 1993, mastectomy for carcinoma left breast in 2000, primary hypothyroidism, and hypertension was referred to the local hospital in view of poor glycaemic control in July 2001. Her medications included Thyroxine, Atenolol, and Tamoxifen, Frusemide, Gliclazide 160 mg BD and Pioglitazone 30 mg. At the time of referral her weight was 68.5 kg, (BMI 23.7), HbA1c 10.2%. She was started on Humalog mix 25 BD. In 2003 her weig...

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ea0031p242 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

withdrawing insulin in a young person

Bhartia Mithun , Ramachandran Sudarshan

On reviewing patients who are on Mixtard 30, We came across a 17-year-old Asian boy who was diagnosed to have type 1 DM and learning difficulties. We noted that his HbA1c was 5.5. According to notes he was on 16 and 8 units of Mixtard 30. We discovered that he has not been taking his evening insulin (other than a short period after diagnosis) because he was having low BM. His diet consist of burgers, orange juice, takeaways and some coke.We have been gra...

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ea0031p243 | Obesity, diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular | SFEBES2013

Re-occurrence of pancreatic insulinoma: an usual cause of hypoglycaemia

Anwuzia-Iwegbu Charles , Mian Ali , Hussain Shazia , Panteliou Eleftheria , Chahal Harvey , Drake Wiliam

A 42-year-old woman presented to her GP with episodes of feeling shaky exacerbated by physical exercise and prolonged fast. She was previously diagnosed with an insulinoma in 2006 (serum glucose 1.6 mmol/l, serum insulin 3.1 mIU/l and serum C-peptide <165 pmol/l). CT abdomen /transabdominal ultrasound revealed a 1 cm insulinoma in the uncinate process of the pancreas and the patient later underwent pancreatic enucleation in 2006. Post pancreatic enucleation, 72...

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Society for Endocrinology BES 2013

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