Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Wide range of biochemical and hematological laboratory values changed during diabetic pregnancy comparable to physiological pregnancies. hyperglycemia is a risk factor for fetal macrosomia. The level of maternal triglycerides have been strongly correlated with excess fetal growth and large for gestational age.

Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of maternal hyperglycemia and triglycerides on pregnancy outcome in diabetics and non diabetics. The end points are birth weight, mode of delivery, incubator admission and fetal hyperbilirubinemia.

Patient and methods: We studied the outcome of pregnancy in 60 pregnant women (30 diabetics and 30 non diabetics). Triglyceride above 180 mg\dl after 20 weeks of gestation is considered abnormal.

Results: Pregnant diabetics with higher TG have higher incidence of CS (15 vs 5 cases P value 0.005), more macrosomic babies (6 vs 1 case P value 0.01) and higher incubator admission (12 vs 1 P value 0.0002) than nondiabetics. The combined effect of high TG and hyperglycemia significantly increases the CS, incubator admission and fetal weight in pregnant diabetic than the nondiabetic with normal TG and blood glucose with P values 0.003, 0.001 and 0.001 respectively. Macrosomic babies and CS is more in diabetic with HbA1c ≤7% than nondiabetics (P 0.001, 0.003 respectively).

Conclusion: DM has a great impact on pregnancy outcome whether controlled or not. TG has synergistic effect on pregnancy outcome in presence of DM but has limited effect in the absence of DM.

Key Words: DM, pregnancy outcome, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia.