Endocrine Abstracts

To investigate the frequency of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). To assess whether MetS features were associated with SCH. Study subjects were recruited from consecutive patients attending outpatient clinics within the department of internal medicine at KAUH, Jeddah city, KSA. A case–control study was conducted among 122 elderly women. Each patient was matched with a control whose age did not differ by more than 2 years. Demograph...

Background: Obesity is a growing health concern in Albania. Obesity has been identified as a key risk factor for many chronic diseases including hypertension, dyslipidaemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted to investigate the role of community pharmacists in obesity counselling, and to identify the barriers to counselling in Albania.Methods: It was used a descriptive cross-sectional study involved ten community pharmacies that were s...

Background: The metabolic syndrome is one of the fastest growing epidemics of the modern era in both the industrialised as well as developing world. Waist circumference (WC) is an important component to diagnose metabolic syndrome. Cut off point of WC to diagnose metabolic syndrome is different in.different ethnic groups.Objective: To study and correlate the variation in prevalence of metabolic syndrome depending on the site of waist measurement and to s...

Introduction: LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. The Friedewald formula (FF) is limited by hypertriglyceridaemia. We aimed to correlate serum LDL-C measured by direct assay with serum LDL-C estimated by several formulas: Friedewald (FF): LDL-C=CT-HDL−TG/5; Tsai (TsaiF): LDL-C=TC-HDL−TG/8 (TG/8 represents very-LDL-C); DeLong (DeLongF): LDL-C=TC-HDL−TG×0.16 and Chen (ChenF): LDL-C=non-HDL-cholesterol×0.9−TG×...

Introduction: Morbid obesity (MO) is associated with high frequency of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) is bariatric operation that results in rapid T2DM remission and increased GLP-1 levels. The aim of the study was to compare non-diabetic MO patients with normal weight controls and with patients who underwent BPD more than 2 years ago.Methods: Blood glucose levels, IRI, GLP-1, GIP and glucagon were measured during the or...

Aim: To investigate the relationship between the presence of subclinical target organ damage (STOD) and the levels of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) in hypertensive patients.Methods: The study included a total of 106 patients, 53 with STOD and 53 without STOD. STOD was deemed present if fundus examination revealed a grade 3–4 retinopathy; the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was >95 g/m2 in females and >115 g/m2 in m...

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of masked hypertension (MHT) and its association with asymptomatic organ damage (AOD) in a low socioeconomic district of Ankara, Turkey.Material and methods: Data obtained from the medical records of 712 patients with no known diagnosis of hypertension that presented to a polyclinic due to symptoms related to elevated blood pressure (BP) and were screened for MHT were retrospectively reviewed. The ...

Introduction: Postprandial hypoglucaemia with hyperinsulinism after laparoscopic gastric bypass is an uncommon complication with an estimated prevalence of 0.2%. Its treatment includes acarbose, diazoxide, somatostatin and GLP-1 analogues or calcium channel blockers in case a strict diet does not work.Case report: A 42-year-old woman with history of gastric bypass in 2005 due to severe obesity (preoperative weight 150 kg) attended our clinic 3 years afte...

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate possible direct and indirect association of socio-demographic and lifestyle factors with central obesity and overweight status in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) population.Methods: After excluding under- and over-reporters, a sample of 2747 TLGS participants (58.3% female) aged≥20 years were recruited in the study. Overweight and central obesity were defined as having BMI ≥25 kg/m2...

The aim of the study was to evaluate frequency of cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke) among the individuals with metabolic syndrome (MS).Materials and methods: The study design was prospective. It was started in 2003 to assess the risk factors, clinical components, diagnostic criteria of MS and to determine correlation between MS and neuropsychiatric disorders. At the second stage in 2013 the individuals were repeatedly invited to evalu...

Introduction: The need to fast for the determination of lipid profile has been discussed in the past years, for several reasons – i) most of the day time is spent in a postprandial state; ii) the lipid concentrations seem to be only slightly affected by a normal meal; both fasting and postprandial can predict cardiovascular risk.Aim: Determine the influence of normal food intake on the lipid profile of diabetic patients.Method...

Introduction: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a significant role in the development of arterial hypertension (AH) in obese patient. Angiotensinogen expression in adipose tissue decreases during fasting and increases in case of overeating, that leads to changes in blood pressure (BP). The aim of the study was to assess the impact of obesity on the activity of RAAS and its role in the development of hypertension.Methods: 60 women, mean ag...

Calcification is a physiological process in bone but occurs also pathologically in the vasculature, favouring cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases (CVD). Vitamin K metabolites, particularly K1 and MK-4, are associated with decreased vascular calcification especially in patients with chronic kidney disease. We investigated the expression of components of the vitamin K cycle (VKC) and the MK-4 synthesis (MKS) in aorta and bone of 26 brain dead organ donors in order to identify d...

Introduction: Oxidative stress is one of the possible mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the obesity-related metabolic complication. In this study, we aimed to investigate effect of weight loss with bariatric surgery on IMA, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) levels.Materials and methods: In this prospective study, plasma IMA, hs-CRP, TAS and TOS levels were measured before...

Introduction: Hypothalamic obesity is defined as a syndrome of intractable weight gain as a result of hypothalamic lesions. Craniopharyngioma is responsible for more than half of the cases of hypothalamic obesity, but other pathologies can be implied. The syndrome can occur due to the tumour itself or its treatment (surgery or radiotherapy). Metformin is an antidiabetic drug that has also been used to treat nondiabetic obese patients, as it has been demonstrated to promote wei...

Introduction: In glycolysis, glucose is converted into pyruvate. Patients with sepsis are prone to numerous metabolic alterations, including changes in carbohydrate metabolism.Aim: To assess glucose metabolism in septic patients during the first day of ICU hospitalisation and evaluate this vis-à-vis shock resolution.Subjects and methods: Ten patients with septic shock during the first day of ICU hospitalization were studied; m...

Introduction and aims: Obesity is associated with increased single-nephron glomerular filtration rate, which may increase the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several biopsy studies showed the association between obesity and higher prevalence of CKD features, including segmental glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and arterial sclerosis. Another approach is to study intra-renal hemodynamics by ultrasound, where renal parenchymal damage in obesity m...

Relationship of body weight and blood pressure is very complex and still incompletely explained. Obesity, especially visceral, is one of the strongest predictors of arterial hypertension. Hypertension is six times higher in obese than in lean people, with its prevalence increases with an increase in BMI progressively. The mechanisms underlying hypertension in obese are not fully defined. The aim of this research was to determine the influence of various parameters on blood pre...

Aims: Diabetic patients with heart failure (HF) have an adverse prognosis, which could be linked with reduced left ventricular (LV) contractile reserve. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and fibulin-1 are potential biomarkers of fibrosis. The aims were to evaluate the impact of DM on Gal-3 and fibulin-1 levels and the association to LV contractile reserve in HF patients with and without diabetes (DM).Methods and results: From an out-patient HF clinic 155 patients with ...

Introduction: Bariatric surgery improves lipid profile. A still unanswered question is whether this improvement is merely weight dependent or also results from factors inherent to specificities of the bariatric procedure itself. We aimed to study lipid profile 1 year after bariatric surgery and compare its changes between the different procedures in patients matched for initial weight and for weight loss.Methods: We retrospectively analysed patients subm...

Aims: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a summary measure of important CVD risk factors that frequently coexist. The syndrome is evident in 20–30% of middle-aged women and has been linked to the development of CVD and diabetes. The aim of the study was to examine the differences in demographic and clinical profiles among older (≥60 years) and younger (<60 years) patients with MetS.Methods: The study was included 45 older (mean age 63.1&#177...

Background and aims: The history of GDM predisposes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the future. The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors predicting the development of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) in women with history of GDM in the future.Materials and methods: 55 women who had GDM 11±2 years before were enrolled into the study. After clinical examination 75 g OGTT and inflammatory markers(hsCRP, uric acid, ...

Bariatric surgery, especially malapsorptive procedures like gastric bypass, can lead to anaemia due to lack of iron absorption as well as vitamins essential for the normal functioning of the hematopoietic system.Methods: We have analysed changes in red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells (WBC), serum iron (Fe), and vitamin B12 3 years after gastric bypass in 142 morbidly obese patients (female, n=108 and male, n=34). ...

Objective: Several studies report the association of low testosterone with ischaemic heart disease although the results are inconsistent. In our study we tried to evaluate the relationship between sex hormones and incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. In 111 subjects (69 patients with ACS and 42 age-matched controls) we measured total testosterone, estradiol, SHBG, FSH, and LH by electrochemiluminiscence an...

Metabolic syndrome and obesity are principal causes of morbidity all over the world, particularly for their association to cardiovascular risk. There is now an obesity worldwide epidemic (Globesity). Amerindians are often living in countries and remote areas with unavailable sophisticated diagnoses methodologies. However, waist circumference is a reliable and easy to record parameter of visceral obesity and MS. Waist circumference normal values are not yet established in Ameri...

Objective: The incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) is rising with increased prevalence of obesity, which exacerbates pancreatic injury. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is defined as a cluster condition of cardiovascular risk factors, including hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and central obesity. We analysed if the presence of obesity and/or MS affects the course of pancreatitis.Methods: Data were collected from 140 patients with AP between January ...

Introduction: The main causes of death in the world today is non-communicable diseases (NCDs). A research of the World Bank found out that 82% of deaths in Ukraine are caused by chronic NCDs, 3.6% of which compose diabetes mellitus. And since the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is usually long, it requires special, costly medical care for significant period of patient’s lifetime.Materials and results: Our research involved 592 males and 11...

Aim: To investigate the impact of overall obesity (Ob) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) on arterial stiffness and degree of insulin resistance in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and abdominal Ob (AOb).Design and method: 74 subjects were divided according to presence of AH, AOb, Ob, and DM2 without insulin therapy. Control group 1 consisted of 26 subjects without AH, AOb, Ob, and DM2. All patients with AH were also diagnosed with AOb and amount...

Sphingolipids constitute the structural base for all types of biological membranes, and are numerous in human and animal tissues. Metabolites of sphingolipids act as biological effectors, modulators and mediators in a number of biochemical processes; they are known to be pathogens in various human pathologies.We aimed at studying activity of sphingomyelinase, concentrations of sphingomyelin and its metabolites, such as ceramide and sphingosine, in organs...

Introduction: Beneficial influence of vegetarian dietary habits in reducing common risk factors of metabolic syndrome has been recently evidenced. However, adiponectin production and secretion has been scarcely studied in vegetarians, despite its important potential in recovering metabolic homeostasis by reducing inflammation and insulin resistance.The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of vegetarian diet on serum adiponectin levels and it&#...

Introduction: Fibrates are widely used to manage dyslipidemia but these drugs can induce rhabdomyolysis with acute renal failure. Rhabdomyolysis is a skeletal muscle cell damage condition associated with the release of toxic components of the cells and to the end;renal failure. The onset of rhabdomyolisis can extend to 6 months with fibrate therapy. Some researchers purpose that the influenza vaccıne can induce the rhabdomyolisis in patients who receive myotoxic drugs.Her...

Introduction: Currently, there are few data on long-term effects of bariatric surgery. We present the results of 5-year follow-up of a cohort of patients with gastric bypass surgery (GBP).Objectives: i) To determine the prevalence of major comorbidities of morbid obese; ii) to evaluate the gastric bypass effect on this comorbidities, and 10-year estimated cardiovascular risk after 5-year follow-up; and iii) to assess the impact of bariatric surgery on th...

Introduction: Patients in secure forensic psychiatric units are at high risk of developing obesity due to complex interplay of factors including antipsychotic medications, restrictions on freedom and poor motivation to healthy lifestyle and physical activities.Aim: To establish the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a secure forensic psychiatric hospital in the Republic of Ireland (ROI).Methods: We carried out a...

Background: Many antipsychotics are obesogenic and contribute to significant weight gain with serious implications on patients’ physical and mental well-being. However, patients on antipsychotics are often excluded from unmodified lifestyle-intervention weight management programmes and trials.Objectives: To determine if weight loss is possible for antipsychotic-medicated obese patients when enrolled in an unmodified lifestyle-intervention weight man...

Introduction: Gender differences in the association between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been studied by previous researches. This study aimed to assess influential factors causing gender differences between HRQoL and MetS components using structural equation modelling.Methods: A sample of 950 adults from TLGS were recruited in this study between 2005 and 2007. Health-related quality of life was assessed using...

Rationale: Secondary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has shown benefit but the level of control is still disappointing. Most of the results are documented within clinical trials. There isn’t enough information in routine clinical practice at short-term tracing. The main aim of this study is to collect information about the level of control of major risk factors in non-selected patients.Met...

Background and aims: Obesity is a global problem. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) was introduced in our hospital since 2008. This study aimed at reviewing the metabolic changes after LSG among Hong Kong Chinese in a regional hospital.Materials and methods: 47 patients who received LSG in our hospital from June 2008 to October 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Change in body weight (BW) and glycaemic control up to 5 years were evaluated. Rate of r...

Backgrounds and aim: Epidemiologic evidence suggests that people with diabetes are at significantly higher risk for many forms of cancer. The aim of the research was to identify cancer incidence distribution in Belarusian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: The study group included 73 patients: 46 (63%) women (mean age 65±8 years) and 27 (37%) men (70±7 years) with concurrent diabetes and cancer treated at Alexandrov National Cancer...

Introduction: Since bariatric surgery is considered to be a more effective treatment modality for morbid obesity, a growing number of patients have been referred to endocrinology clinics in order to exclude an underlying cause. Routine preoperative testing to screen Cushing’s syndrome (CS) or hypothyroidism is still debatable. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of routine testing in preoperative endocrinological evaluation.Methods/des...

Introduction: Obesity is a risk factor for the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The aim of our study was to examine predictive value of liver enzymes in assessing biomarkers of insulin sensitivity in obese, non-diabetic adults.Methods: 1104 obese, non-diabetic adults were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (BMI 30.0–39.9 kg/m2</s...

Aim: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of obesity is associated with classic risk factors, namely dyslipidaemia, hypertension and impaired glucose metabolism. Aim of this study is to evaluate inflammation as an independent risk factor by using neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR).Materials and methods: Patients who admitted to our outpatient clinic between January and December 2014 were assessed retrospectively. Patients diagnosed as diabetes, predi...

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a stressful condition in which it stimulates the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis leading to mark increase in the production of cortisol. Adrenal insufficiency (AI) has been shown to be associated with morbidity and mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients. To date, none study has been performed to determine prevalence of AI among patient with AMI.Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine...

The aim of this study was to investigate adipocytokine responses to an single bout acute exercise in elite athletes with a low percentage of body fat, elite athletes with a high percentage of body fat and sedentary controls. Sixteen athletes with low percentage of body fat (volleyball players, low fat athletes group, LFAG), 15 athletes with high percentage of body fat (the elite water polo players, high fat athletes group, HFAG) and 15 sedentary subjects participated in this s...

Purpose: Aster spathulifolius Maxim is one of plants of chrysanthemum, which has shown an anti-obesity activity in diet induced mice model. We performed clinical trial for evaluating the anti-obesity efficacy and safety of Aster spathulifolius Maxim extract on obese human.Methods: This study was randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in Korea. A total of 41 obese subjects (BMI 25–30 kg/m2) aged ≥20 years were ra...

The aim of the research was to reveal and assess the interaction between environmental and hereditary factors in obese patients seeking for weight loss.Materials and methods: We analysed the anamnesis of 134 overweight and obese patients, having asked to endocrinologist for losing weight (20 men and 112 women). The mean age of the respondents was 45.78+8, 76 years. 15.7% of patients were overweight, and 84.3% were obese. Heritability of obesity was deter...

Introduction: Dietary therapy (DT), programmed physical activity (PPA) and cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) are basic measures in the treatment of obesity. CBT applies methods which change eating habits of obese persons, aiming to remove barriers relating DT and PPA. The goal of this study is to try efficiency of applying CBT in the programme for the reduction of body mass of obese persons, vs the application of DT and PPA alone.Design: The study incl...

Introduction: Motor skill proficiency has shown to be a key predictor of children’s engagement and enjoyment of regular physical activity. Recent evidence suggests that obese children have increased difficulties in the planning, initiation and control of motor skills compared to their normal weighted peers (D’Hondt et al. 2009, Gentier et al. 2013). These difficulties often manifest themselves as slower or less efficient performance of motor skills....

Introduction and aim: The incidence of atherosclerotic vascular disease is high in obesity. Our aim is to determine the mean platelet volume (MPV) as a new indicator of atherosclerosis in morbid obesity.Materials and methods: Thirty-three patients with morbid obesity who applied to endocrinology department (mean age 41.5±11.3 years, body weight 118.2±16.9 kg and BMI: 45.9±7.2 kg/m2) and 39 age-matched (mean age 35.3±13.1 ye...

Objective: The weight lowering potential of glucagon-like peptide (GLP) 1 receptor agonists (RAs) is interindividually different and clinically unpredictable. The potential role of genetic variability of GLP1R on body weight response to GLP1 RA has not yet been evaluated. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of common non-synonymous GLP1R single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs6923761 and rs10305420 on weight loss in response to long acting GLP1 RA liraglut...

Aims: The aim of our study is to assess the efficacy of lifestyle modification in preventing diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM 2)Materials and methods: The study included 100 patients (69 m 258 f) 25–65 years with impaired glucose tolerance/impaired fasting glucose (IGT/IFG) and newly diagnosed DM 2. Patients were divided into two groups matched by sex, age, weight, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Research group included 54 patients who received and carri...

Statins are effective treatment for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and used extensively worldwide. However, adverse effects induced by statins are the major barrier of maximalising cardiovascular risk reduction. Hypothyroidism and administration of drugs metabolised on the same cytochrome P450 (CYPP450) pathways where statin biotransformation occurs represent a significant risk factor for statin induced adverse effects including myopathy. Simvastatin, atorvastatin a...

Introduction: Accumulating evidence indicate that high PTH resulting from primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism, is associated with hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, obesity, and cardiovascular mortality. Here, we aimed to show whether high PTH levels in obese population contribute the metabolic complications of obesity.Methods/design: The medical records of all subjects attending the obesity outpatient clinic of Kartal Dr Lutfi Kirdar ...

Introduction: Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) have an increased cardiovascular risk. However, the data on the relationship severity of PHPT clinical forms and prevalence of cardiovascular disorders are controversial.Objective: Studying cardiovascular disease in patients with manifested forms of PHPT compared with mild forms.Materials and methods: We studied 136 patients with PHPT (assesses arrhythmias, hypertension...

Introduction: Early prediction of anticancer therapy cardiotoxicity is essential for applying proper preventive and supporting therapeutic strategies.Objective: To evaluate plasma N-terminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) related to cardiac dysfunction assessed by transthoracic 2D echocardiography (2D-TTE) in patients with cancer and early onset asymptomatic anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy (AIC).Methods:...

Objective: Cilostazol, a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 3, which has been widely used in patients with atherosclerotic diseases, is known to have additional beneficial effects on dyslipidemia. ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) plays a critical role in the regulation of intracellular cholesterol levels in hepatocytes. We aimed to investigate the effect of Cilostazol on hepatic steatosis and its underlying mechanism related to ABCA1.Met...

Recent evidence shows that are modifiable risk factors and preventable, the most responsible for the high morbidity and mortality secondary to multiple chronic conditions (MCC), and smoking is one of the most important representatives. However, we still lack studies of populations with MCC and its association with smoking status.Objectives: To identify clinical and psychosocial characteristics according to the status of smoking among users with MCC, at h...

CIDEC is a lipid droplet-targeting protein that promotes triglyceride accumulation and inhibits lipolysis. CIDEC is regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Previous studies demonstrate that CIDEC down-regulation is involved in TNFα-induced lipolysis. Here, we focus on the signalling pathway to clarify the mechanism of TNFα-mediated CIDEC down-regulation. CIDEC is significantly decreased in subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese subj...

Obesity has emerged as an epidemic in India. The present study was conducted to assess the magnitude of overweight and obesity amongst children in the age group of 5–18 years belonging to low, middle and high income group in National Capital Territory NCT of Delhi. A total of 16 595 children (LIG 5087, MIG 5134 and HIG 6368) were covered in the present study. Overweight and obesity were assessed using BMI and triceps skin fold thickness (TSFT) utilizing age and sex specif...

Introduction: It appears recently that the lack of physical activity might not be a factor for obesity but rather a consequence of perceptual-motor difficulties (D’Hondt et al. 2011). Perception and action are two intertwined processes: perception is a means to action and action is a means to perception. Not being able to perceive correctly visual or auditory information would alter someone’s movement kinematics of any given task. The key question is how do ...

Introduction: To assess the effectiveness of treatment of obesity using complex integrated approach. In the treatment of obesity were used: instructions of patient in healthy eating habits, diet, taking medication that reduces fat absorption – lipid-adsorbent tablets, polyglucosamine (L112). Survey of patients was conducted. The received data were analysed.Description of methods: 61 obese patients (18 males and 43 females) were followed up for 12 we...

Low plasma SHBG levels in overweight individuals are a biomarker for the metabolic syndrome and are predictive of type 2 diabetes and risk of cardiovascular disease. There are no in vivo models to study SHBG expression and regulation during obesity development. The main reason for this is that the obesity-prone rodent models cannot be used to study this issue since rodents unlike humans do not express the SHBG gene in their livers. We have developed by crossi...

Aims: Previous reports have demonstrated that the adipocyte-derived peptide adiponectin is closely associated with insulin resistance due to its insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties in peripheral tissues; however the autocrine effects of adiponectin remain elusive. This study investigated regulatory effects of adiponectin on glucose transport and insulin signalling in insulin-sensitive or insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes.Methods: 3T3-L...

Backgrounds and aim: Millions of people all over the world are in a search for the perfect weight loss plan. The aim of our research was to make a typical portrait of a Belarusian citizen who is trying to lose weight.Methods: Participants were individuals (n=70) who were screened for a behavioral weight-loss treatment program. The majority of patients were women (88.4%). The mean age was 46.56+9.43 years. Among the participants three of 70 perso...

Background: Childhood obesity is an increasing health problem, affecting over 40 million children aged 0–5 years worldwide. It is associated with premature onset of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Pathologically elevated cortisol is known to induce obesity and cardio-metabolic complications, suggesting cortisol is implicated in the onset of obesity. Indeed, recent pilot-studies showed an increase in hair cortisol concentrations in obese adults and adoles...

Introduction: The prevalence of non-communicable disorders such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) is high in developing countries. MetS is a disorder of energy utilisation and storage, diagnosed by a co-occurrence of three out of five of the following medical conditions: abdominal (central) obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting plasma glucose, high serum triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol levels. The present review aims to discover the genetic variant reported in a...

Introduction: Adults with Turner syndrome (TS) are at increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the compliance with clinical guidelines (Bondy 2007) in measuring metabolic profiles in adults with TS.Methods: Case notes of patients attending a dedicated TS clinic were studied. Variables assessed included anthropometric measurements, blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, fasting lipi...

Introduction: Objective of this study was to examine the importance of metabolic syndrome (MetS) as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in frail elderly people.Methods: Participants of the study were 253 community dwelling elderly aged 65–99 years. It was a prospective study with 32 months follow-up period. Patients were divided into four main groups according to the presence of MetS and prior major cardiovascular event (MACE): group A – pa...

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is correlated with increased cardiovascular risk and characterized by several factors, including visceral obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Several members of a large family of nonselective cation channels, e.g., transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, have been associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, changes of TRP channel expression may account for the observed increased cardiov...

The increasing prevalence of obesity is paralleled by related metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Extensive efforts across disciplines are made to reveal underlying mechanisms and develop effective therapies against obesity and its comorbidities. Since PET–CT studies provided evidence for functional brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adult humans, this specialized thermogenic compartment of adipocytes is in the focus of current r...

Introduction: Obesity as a pro-inflammatory state is associated to increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). CPR is considered as a cardiovascular (CV) risk independent marker and is being researched as a predictive atherosclerosis biomarker in obese children. The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends a three classes approach when aiming at CV risk stratification (low <1.0 mg/l; moderate 1.0–3.0 mg/l; and high >3.0 mg/l). These classes were extrapolated ...

Introduction: We investigated the levels of IGF1 in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and sought to determine whether a decrease might influence the long-term prognosis.Material and methods: Sixty-five patients who were admitted to our hospital with AMI were included in the study along with 26 other patients without coronary artery disease (CAD) who served as the control group. Fasting blood samples of all of the patients with AMI were obtained at the ho...

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterised by a combination of visceral obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance. It is a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The etiology of MetS is complex. The progression of MetS is influenced by genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to investigate a possible association between transient receptor potential (TRP) c...

Introduction: Nonfasting duration is much longer than fasting time in a day. Although there is a few reports on the importance of postprandial triacylglycerol (TG) on cardiovascular outcome, TG variation after meal is one of main obstacle of clinical trial. The purpose of this study is to determine effects of a 6-week period of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on fasting and postprandial TG and metabolic parameters in response to standard test meals.Me...

Introduction: Obesity is generally associated with a chronic state of subclinical inflammation. The assessment of the inflammatory status is routinely made by measuring circulating levels of nonspecific proinflammatory markers. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NRL) is a new simple inflammatory marker which can be reliable in evaluating the inflammatory status occurring in morbidly obese patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between NLR as an index ...

Introduction: Half of subjects following a low-calorie dietary program cannot tolerate its nutritional restrictions and abandon it. A realistic approach to overcome this obstacle is the addition of low glycaemic index (GI), low glycaemic load (GL) snacks in their nutrition. Stevia, a potent, low calorie natural sweetener exerts anti-hyperglycaemic and insulinotropic activities. Furthermore, Vitamin D deficiency may affect diabetes development in the long run.<p class="abst...

Aim: The intima–media thickness (IMT) measurement of the common carotid artery is recognised as an important marker of systemic atherosclerosis. It may be useful in predicting the cardiovascular events, since it is related to the severity of coronary artery disease. The aims of this study were to analyse whether correlations exist between the IMT of the common carotid artery and the main clinical and biochemical parameters in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP...

The beneficial effects of metabolic surgery on clinical and biochemical parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes are well-described. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy has more recently gained recognition as an effective form of surgery along with laparoscopic gastric bypass. We wished to evaluate the impact on anti-hyperglycaemic medication use and glycaemic control in patients with pre-existing diabetes undergoing surgery by a single surgeon in the country’s highest vol...

Introduction: Elevated activity and expression of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) are associated with the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. This enzyme is responsible for majority of the extra-adrenal production of glucocorticoids. It regenerates active cortisol from biologically inactive cortisone. Human 11β-HSD1 also reversibly catalyzes the inter-conversion of 7α-hydroxy- and 7β-hydroxy-DHEA into 7-oxo-DHEA. In order to...

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive and fatal lung disease characterized by excessive matrix deposition that disrupts the normal alveolar architecture and lung physiology. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) is a gut-produced hormone with insulinotropic effects. GLP1 receptor is expressed in the lung where it is implicated in the synthesis of the protein (SPs) and lipid fractions of the surfactant. We have previously shown that the GLP1 receptor agonist, l...

Objective: Low skeletal muscle mass is an emerging risk factor for metabolic disorders. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationships between fat mass, muscle mass, muscle fat mass ratio, total fat mass, and abdominal fat mass ratio by comparing the body compositions in obese women with and without metabolic syndrome.Methods: Totally 89 obese women (mean±S.D., age 42.1±12 years, BMI 36.5±4.2%) with newly diagnosed me...

Aim: Gastric bypass surgery improves glycaemic control, but the underlying mechanisms including potential changes in adipoinsular axis are incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate potentially causal or associated alterations in gene expression of adipokines, myokines, and hormones in the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue of diabetic and non-diabetic obese subjects before and after gastric bypass.Material and methods: Biops...

Several studies have reported that TSH is positively correlated with obesity, dyslipidaemia, and impaired glucose metabolism even in normal range limits. We aimed to evaluate the TSH levels in a cohort of otherwise healthy obese women without clinical evidence of thyroid dysfunction.Materials and methods: 127 female patients were enrolled in this study. Anthropometric and laboratory measurements were retrospectively analysed. Patients were divided into s...

Diabetes is associated with a greatly increased risk of cardiovascular disease and the advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors play an important role in these complications.Objective: To study the association between AGEs and sRAGE levels with cardiovascular risk factors in obese and non-obese newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients.Material and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in subjects with type...

Introduction: Irisin is a newly discovered adipo-myokine, that has a significant influence on body metabolism. Available data about this peptide is still insufficient. The aim of the study is to provide some initial information about body distribution of irisin in rats.Methods: The studied group consisted of 27 10-week-old female Wistar rats, which received intraperitoneally ~0.7 mcCi of iodine-125 labeled irisin. The studied rats were divided on five su...

Introduction: The epidemic of obesity has risen many health concerns, beneath the metabolic syndrome. One of these problems is the effect of obesity on cancer evolution. Populational studies have shown a direct correlation of BMI with worse prognostic, life quality and occurrence of comorbidities in neoplastic diseases, one of the most studied being breast cancer.Patients and methods: We retrospectively analysed the evolution of postmenopausal obese and ...

Irisin is a myokine correlated with lean body mass, despite its association with cardiovascular events (Mantzoros 2014). Increased muscle volume and lipoatrophy have been reported in female FPLD (Ji JCEM 214). Our aim was to determine whether irisin could help to distinguish certain lipodystrophic obesities from FPLD.Methods and patients: Circulating irisin levels (EIA Phoenix) were measured in 20 LMNA-related FPLD, 19 normal-weighed controls (H) and 13 ...

Objective: To determine the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes patients over 65 years age.Methods: The age of the participants were between 60 and 87 years old. According to NCEP ATP III criteria 30 had MS and 28 had not. Cognitive performance was determined with the use of standardised mini mental test and the mini mental scores (MMS) of the two groups were compared. Apart from the MS we investigated th...

Background: A variety of hormones may be down-regulated in CHF patients. Impaired activity of the GH/IGF-1 axis has been described and is associated with poor clinical status and outcome. Moreover, a decrease in serum T3 is correlated to the severity of the heart disease as assessed by the NYHA classification. Aim of this study was to evaluate a possible correlation between IGF-1 levels and T3 status in a cohort of CHF outpatients.M...

Background: Diet modification is an important part of the metabolic syndrome’s management but there is limited data regarding a direct relationship between food groups and the metabolic profile.Aim: Evaluation of the influence of food groups on the elements of metabolic syndrome in a group of subjects with abdominal obesity.Material and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic betwe...

Introduction: Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene was the first susceptibility locus for obesity identified by genome wide association studies. The association of the FTO gene with obesity and metabolic syndrome is conflicting in both adults and adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the role of the FTO gene variant rs9939609 as a candidate gene for obesity and metabolic syndrome, among Caucasian adolescents in South-eastern Turkey.Meth...

Introduction: Both overweight/obesity and central obesity were inversely associated with anemia in the studies. In our study, we aimed to determine the relationship between different haemoglobin (Hb) levels and BMI.Materials and methods: A total of 146 patients (131 (89.1%) female and 15 (10.2%) male) were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into five groups namely group-1 (Hb ≤7 g/dl), group-2 (7 g/dl<Hb ≤10 g/dl), group-3 (10 g...

In obesity the combined effects of enhanced food consumption, enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation could increase levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the action of their receptors.Objective: To study circulating levels of AGEs, soluble RAGE and AGER-1 and their association with insulin resistance and inflammation in young subjects with obesity and normal weight.Material and methods: We conducted a cross-secti...

Aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between biochemical bone turnover markers, calcium homeostasis parameters and the cardiovascular risk in patients with osteoporosis.Materials and methods: Subjects were 246 patients (mean age of 56.64) diagnosed with osteoporosis referred to the endocrine department of Elias Hospital, between 2009 and 2013, and who agreed with the terms of the study. Data collection consisted of clinica...

Introduction: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disorder characterised by hyperphagia with progressive obesity, dysmorphic features, hypotonia, mental retardation, behavioural abnormalities and endocrine dysfunctions as hypogonadism and growth hormone (GH) deficiency. PWS is the most commonly identified genetic cause of obesity.Methods: We reviewed five cases of confirmed PWS (three female and two male patients, aged between 8 and 32 years...

Tolvaptan (a V2 receptor antagonist) is licensed for correction of hyponatraemia in patients with SIADH at an initial dose of 15 mg od. Data in oncology patients with SIADH suggest 7.5 mg can safely and effectively increase sodium levels where 15 mg can on occasion lead to too rapid a correction. Recommendations suggest a repeat sodium taken at 4–6 h. We retrospectively assessed the safety and efficacy of intermittent out-patient dosing with 7.5 mg tolv...

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of a combined antihypertensive therapy in treating arterial hypertension (AH) in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) on different stages of obesity.Materials and methods: 80 patients suffering from Type 2 DM and AH on different stages of obesity underwent a monitoring. Depending on the stage of obesity, the patients were divided into three groups. The groups were comparable by age, sex, AH stage. T...

Adipokines are an important contributor to the circulatory milieu of the body. The spectrum of adipokines changes as dysfunctional features of adipose tissue develop and the menopause is a time when an impairment of metabolic balance appears. The aim of this study was to examine several serum adipokines and adiponectin gene expression in subcutaneous and deep neck adipose tissue in women. Samples of serum, subcutaneous and deep neck adipose tissue were taken in 41 (12 premenop...

Background: Obesity is often complicated by cardiovascular and atherosclerotic disease. Central or visceral obesity is known to be associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Even though BMI is a good indicator of obesity in epidemiological studies, it does not differentiate between lean and fat mass. Furthermore waist circumference (WC) and visceral fat percentages are better indicators of visceral obesity. Aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of ...

Introduction: The frequency of obesity is increasing in Algeria, insulin resistance is one of the consequences pathological of the abdominal obesity. The purpose of this work is to study the implication of the abdominal obesity in the insulinorésistance and the complications which arise by the latter.Materials and methods: The study is realised on 105 obese (85 women and 20 men) (BMI >30) and 55 thin (40 women and 15 men) with mean age 37.60&#17...

Introduction: HIV infection and combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) have been associated with lipodistrophy and changes in body composition. However, there are few studies on body composition evolution of HIV-infected patients, under cART.Aims: To evaluate the evolution of body composition in HIV-1 infected patients under cART over 5 years.Methods: Retrospective, observational study in a cohort of HIV-infected patients on cART. ...

Introduction: Treatment satisfaction is simultaneously a cause and consequence of the success of bariatric surgery – not only it is a reflection of the efficacy of treatment, it also enhances weight loss. A questionnaire that evaluates this variable has recently been created and validated by the authors (Post-Bariatric Surgery Satisfaction Questionnaire).Objectives: To identify patients’ expectations regarding bariatric surgery; to identify the...

Background: Obesity is associated with increased atherogenesis through alterations in lipids, among other potential factors. Some of those abnormalities might be mediated by insulin resistance (IR).Aims: To compare lipid and apolipoprotein profile between lean and obese women; to evaluate the influence of IR on lipid and apolipoprotein profile, in obese women.Methods: We studied 112 obese and 100 normal-weight premenopausal women w...

Introduction: VEGFA is considered the main angiogenic factor in adipose tissue. It is believed that a low angiogenic capacity may decrease the adipogenic potential and consequently promotes adipocyte hypertrophy, which in turn, is closely related to insulin resistance (IR). Oestradiol (E2) is a regulator of the VEGFA gene and a protector against obesity. However nothing is known about the E2 effects on VEGF adipocyte production, and its consequence for ce...

Myocardial gene expression and metabolism fluctuate over the course of the day, in association with changes in energy supply and demand. Recently, time-of-day-dependent oscillations in myocardial processes have been linked to the intrinsic cardiomyocyte circadian clock. Triiodothyronine (T3) is an important modulator of cardiac form and function. The genomic actions of T3 are triggered after its interaction with thyroid hormone nuclear receptors that ofte...

Introduction: Post-bariatric surgery satisfaction relies on psychosocial and clinical factors. A questionnaire that evaluates this variable has recently been created and validated by the authors (Post-Bariatric Surgery Satisfaction Questionnaire).Objective: To assess the relationship between treatment satisfaction and several demographic and clinical variables.Methods: Patients submitted to bariatric surgery who presented to our Ob...

Background: Lifestyle modification is fundamental to obesity treatment, but few studies have described the effects of structured lifestyle programmes specifically in bariatric patients. We sought to describe changes in anthropometric and metabolic characteristics in a cohort of bariatric patients after participation in a nurse-led, structured lifestyle programme.Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study of adults with a BMI &gE;40...

Introduction: Skin tags (acrochordons) are a recognised feature of insulin resistance, but the extent to which they predict an adverse metabolic profile or the response to lifestyle modification in severely obese adults is not known.Aims: We sought to quantify prospectively differences in anthropometric and metabolic characteristics in severely obese adults with acrochordons vs those without acrochordons, and to determine whether the presence of acrochor...

Objective: To investigate the metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia prevalence among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C (HCV) subjects in Southern Brazil.Methods: Cross-sectional study, including 127 subjects (n=59 HIV positive only, n=36 HIV/HCV positive, and n=32 HCV positive only) were accessed for HOMA index, metabolic syndrome, and dyslipidaemias.Results: In HIV group there were 27% met...