Endocrine Abstracts

Aim: The aim of our study was to compare the clinical profile of type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients who are hospitalized in our service for diabetic ketoacidosis.

Methodology: This was a descriptive study involving 121 diabetic patients hospitalized for diabetic ketoacidosis in the C department of diabetology of the national institute of nutrition of Tunis.

Results: Of the 121 subjects studied, 57.85% are type 2 diabetic patients and 42.15% are type1. Type 2 diabetic patients are older, have a higher glycated hemoglobin level and a higher BMI compared to the type 1 diabetic patients. For both type of diabetes, the principal causes of ketoacidosis are infectious diseases represented mainly by urinary tract infection. For type 2 diabetic patients cessation of treatement, inaugural diabetes, insulinopenia and lipodystrophy are observed respectively in 22.7, 12.3, 11.9 and 10.1% of patients presenting ketoacidosis. For type 1 diabetic patients cessation of treatment, inaugural diabetes, pregnancy and lipodistrophy are observed respectively in 18.4, 14.6, 8.9 and 7.1% of patients hospitalized for ketoacidosis.

Conclusion: The main causes of diabetic ketoacidosis are infectious diseases and cessation of treatment, in type 2 diabetic patients as well as in type 1 diabetic patients. So that, education remains the best way to prepare diabetic patients to face situations of stress and to have a good therapeutic compliance.