Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The objective of this work is to study the prevalence of obesity among a consultant population at the Hygiene Service of the Sidi-Othman District (ASO) in Casablanca.

Patients and methods: This is a case-control study of subjects consulting the Sidi Othmane hygiene service. Socio demographic, anthropometric data (weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index (BMI)) blood pressure and pulse were collected. Capillary blood glucose and a lipid profile were performed. Arterial age and cardiovascular risk were estimated by the Framingham score. The data was analyzed by the SPSS software 23.

Results: 1281 subjects were included in this study, of which 236 are diabetics. The average age is 49.11±15.46 years. The mean fasting blood glucose level is 1.89±0.68 in diabetic subjects and 0.90±0.15 g/l in controls. Compared to controls, the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia was 40.7%–66.5% for diabetics and 23%–56.2% for controls, respectively. In addition, the mean arterial age is higher in diabetics (66.26±14.47 years) than in controls (54.02±16.67 years). Diabetics were more likely to have cardiovascular risk (14.15%) than controls (8.2%). The average BMI of the population is 28.92±5.95 kg/m². The distribution of BMI classes in diabetics vs controls is as follows: overweight (36% vs. 33%), class I obesity (28.4% vs. 25.2%), class II obesity (10.6%) % vs. 11.5%), class III obesity (6.4% vs 3.3). Obesity is slightly higher in diabetics than in controls (45% vs. 40%); especially the distribution of abdominal fat (Obesity android) (61.8% vs 43.3). The correlation coefficients of Pearson are significant, on the one hand, between classes of BMI and diabetes (P=0.001); and on the other hand between diabetes and dyslipidemia (P=0.0001).

Conclusion: The correlation observed in this study between diabetes and BMI classes makes it possible to understand that the primary prevention of diabetes in this population goes, for the most part, by the fight against obesity and even against overweight. The distribution of obesity/overweight for both populations follows the same pattern with higher values for diabetics. We can expect today’s witnesses to be the diabetics of tomorrow.

Keywords: Diabetes, Obesity, Overweight, BMI