Endocrine Abstracts

Menstrual disorders are common during adolescence. In many cases menstrual disorders associated with endocrine violations.

Objective: To study the frequency menstrual disorders and endocrine violations in adolescent girls.

Patients and methods: The study included 2527 adolescents- schoolgirls (aged 12–17 years, mean age was 15.5±1.9 years). The main outcome measures were menstrual disorders. Adolescent girls without menstrual disorders formed the control group (n=50). A full clinical examination, hormonal analysis and thyroid and pelvic ultrasound examination were conducted. This study was carried out in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. Data was analyzed using SPSS Statistics v 24.0.0.0. Data was compared using chi-square test and P ≤ 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.

Results: The median age of menarche in this investigation is 12.3 years. Dysmenorrhea and oligomenorrhea were the most common menstrual disorders in girls. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 62%. In girls with dysmenorrhea in 1% cases was diagnosed hyperprolactinemia, in 20% – inflammation of genitals and in 30%- ovarian cysts. Among the girls with dysmenorrhea thyroid diseases (endemic goiter) were revealed in 73% cases. Oligomenorrhea was diagnosed in 22% adolescent girls and was associated in 80% cases with hirsutism. The investigation showed that in 5 girls with oligomenorrhea and hirsutism was diagnosed nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to P450c21 (21-hydroxylase deficiency), 18 girls had polycystic ovary syndrome. Pelvic ultrasound examination established that 65% patients with oligomenorrhea and hirsutism had multifollicular ovaries. In the control group thyroid diseases (endemic goiter) was diagnosed in 20% adolescent girls, hirsutism – in 1% and multifollicular ovaries – in 8% girls (P<0.01)

Conclusions: This study demonstrates a high frequency of menstrual disorders in adolescent girls. Dysmenorrhea associated with hyperprolactinemia, ovarian cysts and thyroid diseases, oligomenorrhea associated with nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia, polycystic ovary syndrome and multifollicular ovaries.