Endocrine Abstracts

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is hypothesized to originate in foetal life, while its long-term consequences extend beyond menopause. However, the natural course of the disorder has not as yet been elucidated, and recent data suggest differences in the evolution of PCOS according to a woman’s weight. We aimed to define the evolution of normal-weight Caucasian women with PCOS through the years.Design: Cross-sectional case control study</...

Objective: Sperm cells are produced in the testes by the Sertoli cells. These cells produce Inhibin B too and they are stimulated by FSH. Can Inhibin B be a good marker of spermatogenesis? Should we use other marker (FSH?, testosterone?)Design: Prospective study.Patients: We examined 56 patients with infertility.Methods: Semen analysis and hormonal analysis was performed. Semen analysis was performed accordin...

Background and aim of study: Endocrinologists play a central role in the gender affirming process that transgender people chose to undergo, and may be ill-prepared to recognize and manage psychologic difficulties that accompany gender dysphoria. We sought to characterize the patient population currently under our care with respect to their mental health, and to address the question of possible differences between transwomen (TW) and transmen (TM).Methods...

Introduction: Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare genetic ciliopathy with a prevalence of 1 in 160,000 in Europeans and 1 in 13,500 in some Arab populations The primary clinical features of BBS include retinal dystrophy, obesity, postaxial polydactyly, renal dysfunction, learning difficulties, and hypogonadism. Traditionally, BBS is clinically diagnosed when a patient shows 4 primary featuresCase report: 17 year old male, single, worker, presented...

Aim: Has testosterone undecanoat 1000 mg intramuscular injection (NebidoR; Bayer), 1 at 3month, negative effect on prostate? For this purpose, we appreciate the prostatic volume (see Pisoschi, this congress) and PSA (this study) in hypogonadic patients after testosterone injection up to 11 years.Material and method: A. PSA (ng/ml) was done in Bucharest accredited laboratories.B. Patients: PSA analysis was done before tre...

Aim: Re-Analysing (study starting in 2007) the effect of injectable testosterone undecanoat depot (TUD) in hypogonadic patients.Material-method: A. Patients: at onset 278 men with hypogonadism (median: 61 y).B. Distribution: by decade (starting with 20y); no =6, 17, 25, 70, 86, 55, 18, 1.C. TUD (NebidoR-Bayer) 1000 mg injected one/3 months i.m.D. Prostate volume (PV) apprecia...

Background: Although successful pregnancies carried by transgender men have been reported, long-term effects of testosterone therapy on fertility remain unknown.Aims: To study markers of ovarian reserve during testosterone therapy.Methods: Prospective open-label study of transgender men prior and during treatment with testosterone. Sampling was conducted at baseline and 12 months after treatment initiation.Ma...

Infertility affects milions of couples worldwide. Determining the exact cause represents a real challenge and may require a complex work-up.Objective: To asses the main etiological factors of female infertility and the best treatment.Methods: Retrospective study which included 150 women diagnosed with infertility in a Romanian tertiary center. The median age was 30.5 years (20–41), 65.3% (n=98) of the patients were di...

Objective: To study the frequency of depression in women of reproductive age with different phenotypes of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).Materials and Methods: Sixty-eight women with diagnosed polycystic ovarian syndrome aged 18–44 and 30 practically healthy women of the comparable age. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS) were used to diagnose depression. According to the results of the HADS assessment, the patients were counseled by p...

GAPO syndrome (OMIM 230740) is a rare, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by Growth retardation, Alopecia, Pseudoanodontia and Ocular manifestations. Syndrome caused by anthrax toxin receptor 1 (ANTXR1) gene (NM_032208.2) mutation leading to deficiency of an enzyme involved in the metabolism and breakdown of extracellular matrix (ECM). Disease show parental consanguinity, autosomal recessive inheritance and since first description in 1947 a total of 38 patien...

Introduction: Hyperprolactinemia (HP) is a common disorder in endocrinology. Based on the various etiology, HP could be divided into: physiological, pathological, drug-induced and idiopathic HP. Regardless of its origin, HP usually affects reproductive endocrine axis. The aim of the study was to determine differences in menstrual cycle abnormalities in patients with different causes of hyperprolactinemia.Patients and methods: The study included 81 patien...

Context: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), defined by LH and FSH deficiencies, lead to impairment in testicular growth, testicular hormonal secretions and spermatogenesis. HH can have a prenatal (congenital HH, CHH) or post-natal (acquired HH, HHA) onset. Direct comparison of reproductive phenotypes (RP) between CHH and AHH has not been systematically performed in large series representative of these two populations.Patients and methods: 60 normal men,...

Background: Higher testosterone levels during pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) could be associated with longer offspring ano-genital distance (AGD).Aims: To compare AGD between offspring of mothers with PCOS and controls and to determine possible associations between maternal 3rd trimester testosterone levels and offspring AGD at three months of age.Methods: The study was part of the prospective s...

Background: The finding of severe hyperandrogenemia, rapidly progressive clinical hyperandrogenism, defeminization and/or virilization in women of any age should raise the suspicion of an ovarian or adrenal malignancy. Similarly, moderate to severe hyperandrogenemia after menopause, and its clinic consequences, force clinicians to rule out a tumoral source.Matherial and methods: Observational cross-sectional study conducted in patients derived to our cli...

Background: Many chemicals present within the environment, as well as natural and artificial components of our diet, have the potential to interfere with the physiological role of hormones, interfering with hormone biosynthesis, signalling or metabolism. In the last years AMH, a protein secreted by granulosa cells, has emerged as a reliable marker of ovarian reserve. It is largely accepted the influence of age and smoking on AMH serum levels, although a clear effect of environ...

Introduction: Neurokinin B (NKB) is a neurotransmitter, regulating GnRH. NKB activates its receptor TACR3. Recessive mutations of TACR3 are associated with a phenotype of normosmic hypogonadism.Case report: A 17 years old man born in Turkey, present with pubertal delay. He is treated 3 years with testosterone and he is reevaluated without treatment. He is 1.79 m and 1.85 arm span, testicular volume: 3 and 4 ml. He has no olfactory troubles. Testosterone ...

Case report: We describe a 28 years old male patient born in IRAK, beeing referred to us because of suspicion of congenital hypogonadism. The patient was 1.86 m tall and 1.97 spam arm and he was no anosmic. He had a 2.5 cm micropenis, and a bilateral reduced testicular volume (3.6 and 3.9 ml). LH 1.7 U/l (2–10), FSH 3.1 U/l (1–8), testosterone 0.7 mmol/l, estradiol <12 ng/l, inhibine B 54 ng/l (105–439) Pituitary MRI was normal.Genetic...

Introduction: Dysgonosomies are abnormalities of the number of gonosomes X and Y. They have fewer Phenotypic repercussions than the aneuploidies involving autosomes, and are mostly viable. The 47 XYY are generally boys with normal phenotype. The prevalence is around 1 per 1000 birth boy but undoubtedly under diagnosed given the often normal phenotype associated with this chromosomal formula, in addition to the lack of large-scale studies. There is no gonadal dysgenesis and oft...

Context: Pituitary tumor can cause infertility. It can be hormonally active adenoma (mostly prolactinoma) or hormonally inactive. Hyperprolactinemia is the most common disorder. Prolactin interferes with pulsatile secretion of the hypothalamus gonadoliberin (GnRH) and consequent pituitary gonadotropins (FSH and LH), and then leads to abnormal gonadal function. As a result, a man gets impaired spermatogenesis and endocrine function of the testicles. Infertility and reduced test...

The production and activities of steroid hormones during pregnancy have many interesting aspects. Their synthesis and metabolism are the result of complex metabolic pathways encompassing activities in the fetus, placenta, and mother. Progesterone, estrogens, androgens and glucocorticoids all play important roles during pregnancy, from implantation to delivery. Focusing on selected steroid hormones in the peripartum period, we defined reference ranges measured using LS-MS/MS, a...

Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) is typically known to be expressed in the thyroid gland of mammals for the control of body metabolism. However, because the TSHR ancestor is the only glycoprotein hormone receptor found in invertebrates, we hypothesized that TSHR evolves much earlier than FSHR and LHR and thus can be expressed in mammalian gonads for certain uncharacterized impacts. To prove this, real-time PCR quantification against Tshr in all male mouse r...

Objective: Growth hormone (GH) activity might be implicated in male reproductive function. One previous study has suggested significantly reduced semen quality in untreated acromegalic patients due to both reduced sperm counts and motility.Design and methods: A retrospective study comprising 10 uncontrolled hypogonadal acromegalic patients (median age 29y) who delivered semen for cryopreservation before initiation of testosterone therapy. Semen ...

Introduction: Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most frequent chromosomal disorders, occurring in 1:500 to 1:1000 live male births, associated to male infertility. Although significant research has been conducted, KS remains frustratingly underdiagnosed with a remarkable portion of cases being unidentified. Under diagnosis may be due to man’s hesitancy about seeking medical counseling, low awareness of KS among health professionals, and failure by health professionals to p...

Background: HIV-infection is associated to premature decline of serum T. However, prevalence and biochemical characterization of hypogonadism in HIV-infected men are still to be well defined.Aim: To evaluate the gonadal status in HIV-infected men by assessing circulating total T (TT) with either ID-LC-MS/MS or CI.Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study on HIV-infected men with ongoing Highly Active Antiretroviral...

Introduction: Testosterone circulates under different forms in blood, mainly bound to proteins i.e. Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) and albumin. Free testosterone (FT), the biologically active form, represents 2% of total testosterone (TT). FT measurement is mainly indicated when TT level is discordant with clinical picture but remains technically challenging. Indeed, as for all free hormones, gold standard method relies on equilibrium dialysis, unusable in routine. Direct...

Objective: The identification of hyperandrogenism represents the cornerstone for the assessment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs). However, its definition has always been troubling, mostly because of the poor accuracy shown by routine androgens assays. As suggested by literature, the application of more precise steroid measurement methods (such as liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, LC-MS/MS) could improve the diagnostic workup. The aim of our study is to evaluat...

Fludioxonil, a phenylpyrrole fungicide, is extensively used to protect particularly fruits and vegetables from fungi. On the contrary, it has been reported that fludioxonil caused low weight birth in rats at parentally toxic doses. However, its developmental toxicity on cardiac differentiation has not yet been understood. In the present study, the early developmental toxicity of fludioxonil on the cardiac differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) was evaluated. Fir...

Background: Many testosterone (T) formulations are now available for treating male hypogonadism. Intramuscular injectable T esters and transdermal T gel are the most commonly used in clinical practice. Transdermal T gel is often preferred by patients due to ease of use and reduced fluctuations in serum T compared to injectable esters. A daily dosage of 20 mg – 80 mg mimicking circadian profile is recommended to adequately treat hypogonadal men.Aim: ...

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterized by cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40. Variable clinical presentation often postpones the diagnosis. The aim of our study was to assess whether there is a typical menstrual cycles pattern in patients with POI. We have evaluated 101 women, age 36.7±5.78 y. FSH=78.81±37.43 IU/l, E2<50 pg/dl, with confirmed POI referred to our Clinic between 2014 and 2018. Menstrual cycles characteristics were de...

Menstrual disorders are common during adolescence. In many cases menstrual disorders associated with endocrine violations.Objective: To study the frequency menstrual disorders and endocrine violations in adolescent girls.Patients and methods: The study included 2527 adolescents- schoolgirls (aged 12–17 years, mean age was 15.5±1.9 years). The main outcome measures were menstrual disorders. Adolescent girls without menstru...

Background: Varicocele repair is often suggested to improve reproductive outcomes, but there is no clear indications on which subjects are more likely to benefit from treatment. We assessed spermatogenetic and endocrine function of the testis in a population of young subjects with a 12-month follow-up following percutaneous treatment.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from 77 young patients (mean age 23.3 years, range 18–35) followed in our c...

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder in women. Hyperandrogenism and chronic oligo-anovulation are the prominent clinical features. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and the predictive factors of PCOS in a group of women with morbid obesity.Methods: We performed a cross sectional study in 50 women with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg /m2 collected over a period of 6 months (October 2017&#1...

Introduction: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, with important long term health consequences such as higher chance of developing Type 2 diabetes, reduced overall wellbeing with poor quality of life. Such a common condition is mainly treated and investigated in the primary care setting.We therefore set out to see if the randomized controlled trials (RCT) represent the most common setting of care.<p class="abstex...

Background: The motivation for the use of AAS by men engaged in recreational activities is the improvement of body composition and strength indicators. A deterrent to the use of AAS can be awareness of the side effects of their use, in particular the development of secondary hypogonadism.Aim: To study the awareness of AAS users about the negative impact of this class of drugs on the body.Methods: An individual anonymous corresponde...

Fenhexamid (Fen) is a fungicide used to treat the gray mold of fruits and vegetables. In this study, the ER positive-MCF-7 breast cancer cells were used to examine the effects of Fen on breast cancer progression. MCF-7 cells were cultured with 0.1% DMSO (control), 17β-estradiol (E2; 1×10−9 M) and Fen (10−5–10−7 M) in the absence or presence of ICI 182,780 (ICI, ER antagonist, 10−8 M) or Pictilis...

Study question: Does the combination of estradiol valerate (EV) and dienogest (DNG) have favorable effects on inflammation and lipids compared with ethinyl estradiol (EE) + DNG?What is known already: Use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) increases HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides and promotes low-grade inflammation. The metabolic effects of COCs depend on both estrogen and progestin components. To our knowledge this is the first study comparing COC...

We have investigated inter-individual transfer of 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P-4), and related it to mammalian ‘pheromonal’ effects. Assays of unconjugated E2 and P4 revealed their presence in male and female urine of laboratory mice and big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), which are phylogenetically very distant from each other. These small and lipophilic steroids readily pass through biological membr...

Objective: The aim of this study was to define which hormonal cut-off values can discriminate polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) from non classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-NCAH).Patients and methods: We included 70 women in reproductive age who attended our Unit from 2003 to 2018 for a diagnosis of PCOS with a basal 17hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) level in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle ≥200 ng/d...

Introduction: The basic characteristics of metabolism in pregnancy are changes from anabolic to catabolic conditions with an increase in insulin resistance, moderate, reversible increase in lipid concentration in the blood, and accumulation of fat stores in the mother’s tissues. Lipid metabolism is essential for the development of healthy pregnancy, and fatty acids are a significant source of energy and a key element for membrane synthesis, while cholesterol, in addition ...

Background: Dysmenorrhea is defined as pain during menstruation and might be caused by increased endometrial prostaglandin production. It is a highly prevalent medical condition (45–95% of women internationally) which can be part of a woman’s reproductive life. Throughout the literature, dysmenorrhea has been shown to affect daily functioning such as socialization, work and academic performance during menstruation and quality of life. However, dysmenorrhea and its im...