Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Aggressive prolactinomas are rare neoplasms that are characterized by rapid growth and usually large tumor size, invasion of adjacent structures, an aggressive clinical behavior with little response to conventional treatment, high rate of recurrence, and elevated morbidity and mortality.Case Report: 48-year-old woman diagnosed with life-threatening aggressive prolactinoma was referred to us for evaluation of complementary therapy after therap...

Background: Acromegaly is a rare chronic and debilitating disease. More than half of patients are not well controlled and most of them require chronic surveillance. Although IGF1 and GH circulating levels are the main targets, they are not in close relationship with the behaviour of the tumour, the clinical course of the disease, the therapy response and the associated comorbidities. Metabolomics is an emergent research tool that we have used to examine in a massive manner the...

NCKX3 (Sodium/potassium/calcium exchanger 3), a novel member of the family of K+-dependent Na+/Ca2+ exchangers, is an important component of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Ca2+ homeostasis has been extensively studied in various cell systems. Dysregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis can induce the excitotoxic and neurodegeneration in central nervous system. NCKX3 gene is highly expressed in thalamic nuclei, in hippoca...

Introduction: Pituitary insufficiency is a late-onset sequel of cranial irradiation for nasopharyngeal tumors. In a Cancer Survivor Study, 43% of patients treated for nasopharyngeal tumors had one or more endocrinopathies. We aim to characterize the pituitary-related outcomes following cranial radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal tumors over a period of 5 years.Material and methods: The effects of cranial irradiation on hypothalamic-pituitary function were st...

Background: Granulomatous hypophysitis is an extremely rare condition, therefore, a number of these cases were initially diagnosed as adenoma and inappropriately underwent surgery. Definitive management is not yet established for granulomatous hypophysitis however improvement and resolution of symptoms were noted using oral glucocorticoids.Clinical case: A 70 year old, Filipino, female, a diagnosed case granulomatous hypophysitis in 2012. At that time sh...

Background: The goal of this project was to identify non-osmotic stimuli of arginine vasopressin (AVP) release during exercise. Non-osmotic AVP release can lead to severe hyponatremia in otherwise healthy marathon runners.Interleukin-1 (IL-1) increases during exercise and was shown to induce AVP in animal models. We here therefore investigated whether copeptin (a surrogate marker for AVP) increases upon exercise in young and healthy males, and whether this increase is regulate...

Introduction: Growth hormone deficiency is a rare cause of stunting; its diagnosis is often delayed by severe growth retardation; confirmed by non-response to GH stimulation tests (insulin and glucagon-propranolol test). The absence of early diagnosis and treatment can lead to severe growth retardation. We propose to determine the prevalence of different etiologies of growth hormone deficiency in patients followed for a saturo-weight delay at the Arrazi Hospital, Medical Unive...

Introduction: Somatotropic adenomas are clinically expressed either by acromegaly or by gigantism according to age of onset. Several histological types are involved. Immunohistochemistry provides conclusive evidence that significant diversity exists between growth hormone secreting (GH) tumors in excess. We report three observations of a particular histological type: mammosomatotropic adenoma.Observation 1: Mrs. M.H., aged 56, hypertensive for 10 years, ...

Introduction: Somatotropic adenomas are classically a source of hypersecretion of GH and consequently of IGF1 responsible for the clinical signs of acromegaly. Rarely, these adenomas remain ‘silent’, without any obvious clinical manifestation. They can then be detected on the basis of a routine determination of growth hormone under oral glucose tolerance test (GH/OGTT) and insulin growth factor 1 (IGF1) or be diagnosed only to immunohistochemical study as is the case...

Introduction: Spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO), pituicytoma, granular cell tumor, and sellar ependymoma are rare TTF-1 positive posterior pituitary tumors classified as WHO Grade I, indicating low proliferative potential and high rates of surgical cure.Aims: To report a case of SCO and review the pertinent literature.Methods: English and non-English literature was searched, clinical, data were retrieved and summarized.<p class="ab...

Introduction: Individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) have hypothalamic dysfunction, with deficiencies of several hypothalamic-pituitary axes. Prevalence of central hypogonadism, hypothyroidism and growth hormone deficiency are increased in comparison with non-PWS individuals. Central adrenal insufficiency (CAI) has also been reported in PWS. Several studies, using different testing modalities, have reported strikingly differing prevalences of CAI in PWS, ranging from 0% ...

Background and aim: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) is evolutionary conserved and widely distributed throughout organism. Broad interest for AIP comes from involvement of loss-of-function AIP mutations in pituitary adenoma pathogenesis. The role of AIP in normal pituitary function is largely unknown. AIP is co-localized with GH in somatotroph secretory vesicles. Serum AIP protein was proteomically identified. We aimed at investigating whether AIP and GH are...

Aim: The aim of investigation to determine clinical aggressiveness diagnostic markers in patients with non-functional pituitary adenomas (NFPA), and growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in the formation of gravity neuroendocrine disease symptoms.Material and methods: We observed in 87 patients (including man – 44 women – 43) of which have a verified diagnosis of NFPA after surgery – 31 which were subjected transnasal adenomectomy of the pituiat...

The aim of investigation to study the frequency of growth retardation in children and adolescents from orphanages in Tashkent city.Material and methods: We observed 595 children and adolescents (including boys – 342, girls – 253) as part of the special program ‘You are not alone’ from November 12 to November 17, 2018 in the admission department of the clinic of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute. During the week, children and te...

Background: Most common tumors in the suprasellar region are adenomas of the pituitary gland, craniopharyngiomas, cystic lesions (Rathke’s cleft cysts). Supraselar meningiomas are rare and slow-growing tumors that usually arise from the tuberculum sellae or the chiasmatic sulcus. These tumors frequently invade the sella turcica because that they are mistaken for a pituitary tumor.Methods: A case seriesResults: We present a two...

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a rare clinical entity characterised by an absent or thin pituitary stalk, hypoplasia of the anterior pituitary gland, and ectopic location of the posterior pituitary on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Presentation is on early childhood or puberty and the most common hormonal deficiencies are growth hormone (GH) and gonadotropines. We present the case of a 28-year-old female patient who consulted after 2 years in secondary amen...

Introduction: Cyclic Cushing’s Syndrome (CCS) is a rare disorder in which rhythmic fluctuations in the secretion of ACTH trigger cyclic variations in the production of adrenal steroids and an extremely variable clinical presentation. It should be considered when clinical hypercortisolism coexists with normal cortisol levels and a paradoxical response to the dexamethasone test, and when selective transsphenoidal adenomectomy fails after an uncomplicated intervention.<p...

Introduction: The aging population brought new challenges in several diseases. Pituitary tumors are usually not related with elderly, although the rise in life expectancy has allowed its diagnosis in unusual age groups.Aim: To describe the pituitary tumors diagnosed in patients with age ≥ 80 yearsMethods: Retrospective observational study which included 23 patients with pituitary tumors with age ≥ 80 years observed in c...

Introduction: McCune Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare, sporadic disease that affects the skin, skeleton and several endocrine systems, caused by an activating mutation in the GNAS gene that leads to endocrine cell hyperfunction and increased cell proliferation. The development of thyroid carcinoma in MAS is considered an uncommon event and, on the other hand, it is well established that acromegaly is associated with an increased prevalence of malignant tumors including thyroi...

We investigated the direct effects of the somatostatin analog octreotide on hallmarks of autophagy and of cell viability and metabolic activity in rat pituitary tumor cells (GH1 and GH3 cells). The Western blot analysis of cell lysates suggested that octreotide (100 nM) treatment could induce changes in hallmarks related to autophagy activation (increased LC3-I protein lipidation) and to enhanced autophagic flux (SQSTM1/p62 protein downregulation) in pituitary tumor cells in d...

Introduction: Hypothalamus or pituitary disorders frequently cause hypopituitarism. Diagnosing deficits of anterior pituitary hormones is important to manage metabolic impairments induced by hypopituitarism. Provocative tests including TRH, LHRH, CRH and GHRP-2 to diagnose hypopituitarism are recommended in Japan, however, the cut-off values in those tests are not adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We retrospectively evaluat...

Introduction: Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is a rare, we report the case of a patient admitted for pituitary macroadenoma whose anatomopathological study was in favor of an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma at the level of the pituitary gland knowing that this is the first case described in Literature.Clinical case: A 50-year-old man, admitted in July 2018 for pituitary macroadenoma with severe headache and blurry vision associated with polydipsia...

Introduction: Primary SMSa treatment can be associated with hormonal remission and tumor shrinkage in patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenomas. In the 2014 Endocrine Society guideline for Acromegaly, there is no specific mention of MRI follow-up during long-term SMSa treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate any change of GH-secreting adenoma size during primary SMSa treatment and whether regular MRI follow-up was necessary in acromegalic patients treated with firs...

Objective: To study the effect of neurohormones kisspeptin and neurokinin B on the indices of calcium-phosphate and electrolyte metabolism in patients with neuroendocrine pathology.Material and Methods: Eighty-two female patients were included in this pilot study divided into 2 groups: ‘Cushing’s disease’ group (n=51) and ‘Acromegaly’ group (n=31). Median age was 33 years [27; 38] in ‘Cushing’s disease...

Introduction: Pregnancy is rare in patients with Cushing Disease (CD) owing to ovulatory dysfunction. When surgery is not curative, medical treatment is usually considered. Ketoconazole and mitotane, commonly used medical therapies, have questionable teratogenicity and are not often options in pregnancy. Cabergoline was found to be effective in reducing hypercortisolism in Cushing’s disease. Observational studies suggested that low dose cabergoline treatment at the time o...

Acromegaly is a rare syndrome categorized by extreme excretion of growth hormone via a pituitary adenoma, happening everywhere in the world also in Iraqi population. Practically all conditions of acromegaly are produced by a benign tumor in the pituitary that creates much growth hormone. In additions, some tumors in the body may yield an element known as growth hormone releasing hormone which lead the pituitary to oversecrion of growth hormone. So this research proposed to obs...

Primary hypophysitis is a rare inflammatory condition which is mostly encountered in women. It represents 0.2–0.8% of pituitary pathologies and its annual incidence is estimated at 1 case per 9 million inhabitants. We present the case of a 28-year-old male, smoker, with sudden onset decreased libido, polyuria and polydipsia. At presentation he had an epicranial lipoma with and no other suggestive clinical signs. Biochemistry revealed hypernatremia 146 nmol/L, low testoste...

The OGTT is the gold standard for confirmation or exclusion of acromegaly in treatment-naïve patients as well as after surgery. According to former guidelines, acromegaly is ruled out if the growth hormone (GH) nadir lies below 1.0 μg/l and 0.4 μg/l pre- and postoperatively, respectively. We present the case of a 40-year-old man who presented to the outpatient clinic in 2014 for endocrinological evaluation after an elevated IGF-I concentration had occasionally b...

Background: Acromegaly is a rare disease with a long and complex diagnostic pathway leading to a substantial diagnostic delay associated with an increased risk of comorbidities and psychosocial deterioration. Qualitative methods are the gold standard to explore patients’ perspectives, focusing on how individuals understand and report what they are experiencing. To the best of our knowledge, no qualitative study has yet examined the diagnostic pathway of subjects with acro...

Introduction: IgG4-dependent disease is a newly defined fibroinflammatory disease. This disease has been shown to affect almost all organs in the body, especially the pancreas, salivary gland, orbital tissue, lymph node, lung and kidney. IgG4 hypophysitis is a rare and inflammatory process that mimics pituitary tumors. The diagnosis of IgG4 releated hypophysitis can be done in many ways. The definitive diagnosis is biopsy; however, it is not necessary in most cases. If the oth...

Background: Adult growth hormone (GH) deficiency (AGHD) is related with alterations in body composition, increased abdominal and visceral adiposity, adverse change in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and reduction of bone mineral density (BMD).Aim: To compare baseline outcomes concerning body composition and biochemical/hormonal data among adult patients with AGHD referring to a single endocrinological center and grouped according to their history of r...

Background: Pasireotide LAR is a multireceptor targeted somatostatin analogue that has been shown to obtain a better biochemical control of acromegaly. However, pasireotide LAR could induce hyperglycemia in acromegalic patients with higher baseline glucose values. The devices that can track interstitial glucose levels such as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) could be a useful for studying the impact of SSA on patients’ glucose status.Aim: We aime...

Purpose: To assess the effect of radiation therapy (RT) in patients with acromegaly, depending on the age of the patients and the activity of the formation.Materials and methods: The object of the study was 50 patients (36 women and 14 men) with acromegaly who received gamma-therapy in a total dose of 45-60 Gr. The age of patients ranged from 29 to 77 years. By age, the patients were divided into 3 groups: 1st age group-29–44years old-23patients (46...

Background: Systematic exploration for anterior pituitary deficiency in patients harboring pituitary microadenomas is not well defined. So far, little is known on the involvement of pituitary function in clinically non-functioning pituitary microadenomas (CNFPM).Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of anterior pituitary insufficiency, defined as at least one hormonal deficiency, in patients diagnosed of CNFPM.Patients and methods:...

Introduction: The reccurence rate after successful neurosurgery for patients with Cushing’s disease (CD) varies between 10% and 65%. It is shown earlier that some features are associated with the probability of recurrence, yet no rules were elaborated how to analyse the set of variables.Materials and methods: The retrospective study was based on 219 cases of CD (32 men, 187 women) with a disease duration ranged from 4 months to 22 years, who underwe...

Pasireotide long-acting release (LAR) is a multireceptor-targeted somatostatin receptor ligand approved for treatment of patients with acromegaly. In some clinical reports, pasireotide LAR has been shown to regulate biochemical outcomes more than other somatostatin receptor ligands. However, hyperglycemia was frequently observed in pasireotide LAR treated patients with acromegaly. Three patients were treated with pasireotide LAR to regulated biochemical parameters of acromegal...

Cushing’s Disease (CD) is a rare condition characterized by an overproduction of ACTH by an ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor, resulting in excess of cortisol release by the adrenal glands. Pasireotide is the pituitary-targeted drug approved to treat adult patients. Its mechanism of action seems to rely on the preferential binding to the highly expressed somatostatin receptor in corticotroph tumors, SST5. Recently, somatic mutations in the deubiquitinase USP8 gene h...

Differential diagnoses of sellar, parasellar and suprasellar pathologies other than tumors such as common adenoma, rathke cleft cysts and meningioma and craniopharyngiomas were presented. This retrospective study was performed including 25 patients who were operated or treated medically in between 2008 and 2019. The patients were analyzed with preoperative/postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), endocrinological and neuro-ophthalmologic examination results. Pre and pos...

Czech Republic background: NordiNet® IOS (NCT00960128), a non-interventional study (2006–2016), assessed the effectiveness and safety of real-life treatment with Norditropin. From 23 countries, 2,321 adults with GHD were included; 971, GH-naïve at baseline, were included in the effectiveness analysis set (EAS). Baseline characteristics in the six largest contributing countries were evaluated.Methods: Patient information was ente...

Dopamine receptor type 2 (DRD2) agonists (DAs) are the first-choice treatment for PRL-secreting pituitary tumors due to their efficacy in reducing tumor size and hormonal secretion. However, DAs are poorly effective in non-functioning pituitary tumors (NFPTs), despite most of them express DRD2. No correlation between DAs clinical responsiveness and DRD2 expression was found, suggesting post-receptor alterations underlying resistance. DRD2 signaling pathways that control cell p...

The high expression of somatostatin receptor 2 (SST2) in growth hormone (GH)-secreting tumors represents the rationale for the clinical use of somatostatin analogs (SSAs) in acromegaly. However, about one third of patients displays resistance to SSAs and, to date, the responsible molecular mechanisms are still under investigation. Recently, the cytoskeletal protein Filamin A (FLNA) and the scaffolding proteins β-arrestins have emerged as key modulators of the responsivene...

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are mostly benign lesions originating from the anterior pituitary and represent 10–15% of all the intracranial neoplasms. PitNETs can be classified in non-secretory, clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs), and secretory, comprising prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH) and adrenocoticotropic hormone (ACTH) PitNETs. Surgical resection is the first line treatment for PitNETs, whereas chemotherapy and radiotherapy are p...

Cushing’s disease (CD) is a rare disorder of chronic hypercortisolism due to an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary tumor. Pasireotide, a multireceptor-targeted somatostatin (SST) analog with high binding affinity for the predominant SST receptor in human corticotroph tumors, SST5, has been recently approved to treat adult patients for whom surgery failed or does not represent a suitable option. However, to date, the molecular predictors of antisecretor...

Introduction: PATRO Adults is an ongoing, longitudinal, noninterventional study assessing the long-term safety and efficacy of Omnitrope® (Sandoz; recombinant human growth hormone [rhGH]), among adults with severe growth hormone deficiency (GHD) treated in routine clinical practice in European countries. Omnitrope® was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in 2006, representing the first biosimilar approved by the EMA. We report the la...

Introduction: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare systemic disease. Diabetes insipidus is the most frequent endocrine alteration and occurs mostly after diagnosis. Others are hypogonadism, growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and alterations in glucose metabolism.Clinical case: A 61-year-old smoker, diagnosed with LCH 9 years ago with pulmonary and hepatic involvement, without treatment, who consulted for asthenia, unquantifiable polyuria, polydipsi...

It is known that disoaders of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system and excess glucocorticoids in Cushing’s disease (CD) can significantly affect various organs and systems, in particular, the secretion of pituitary hormones. However, in the literature there is practically no work on the assessment of the state of tropic hormones and hormones of the peripheral glands in the early postoperative period after transsphenoidal adenomectomy. The aim of this study was to ass...

Exposure to supraphysiologic doses of exogenous glucocorticoids is associated with gastrointestinal (GI) complications such as peptic ulcer disease, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, duodenal ulcer, and colonic diverticular perforation (DP). Patients receiving high dose glucocorticoids, for rheumatological or autoimmune disease are at increased risk for lower gastrointestinal tract abscesses and perforation. However, little is known about GI complications in endogenous hypercortiso...

Objective: Tumors of the pituitary gland and sellar region, called pitiutary adenoma (PA) represent approximatly 10% of all central nervous system tumors. The characteristics of these tumors may vary from population to population.Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate and understand the clinicopathological characteristics, the invasiveness, tumor features and clinical symptoms of PA in adult patients at south great plain region of Hu...

Introduction: Deficiency of growth hormone (GH) in children is manifested by pronounced stunting (below −2 sigmal abnormalities (SD)), different changes in body composition. Frequency of occurrence varies from 1:4000 to 1:10000 newborns.Objective: To assess the effectiveness of treatment by comparing the dynamics of growth of those with isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) and of those with panhypopituitarism (PHP).Mater...

Introduction: Functioning gonadotroph adenomas (FGA) are adenomas secreting and expressing biologically active gonadotropins and causing distinct clinical manifestations. The vast majority of the immunohistochemically confirmed gonadotroph adenomas are hormonally silent (presenting only with mass effects), clinically FGA’s being very rare; whereas their exact prevalence is not known.Case study: A 46 years old male patient presents to our clinic afte...

Hirsutism though common in women of reproductive age, is classically associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It is rarely seen as a prominent feature of acromegaly because of its lack of specificity and occurrence. We report a case of 28-year-old female with 3 year duration of aligoamenorrhea and hirsutism. She was followed by a gynecologist who retains the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). After 5 years the patient complaints of increased hand finger ...

Background: Pituitary apoplexy is a rare clinical syndrome due to abrupt hemorrhaging and/or infarction of the pituitary gland, generally within a pituitary adenoma. The outcome of acute apoplexy is variable and difficult to predict. This explains why the optimal management of acute pituitary apoplexy remains controversial. The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical, hormonal and radiological characteristics of pituitary apoplexy and to determine treatment outcomes.<...

Background: Craniopharyngioma is a rare epithelial tumor of the central nervous system, affecting both children and adults and associated with significant morbidity.Objective: To study the postsurgical evolution of craniopharyngioma in adults after total or incomplete surgical resection.Material and methods: We performed a retrospective review of craniopharyngioma patients evaluated in the National Institute of Endocrinology in Buc...

Pituitary apoplexy arises when haemorrhage and/or infarction occurs within a pituitary tumour. In Malta, the estimated standardised incidence rate (SIR) of apoplexy is 0.15/100,000/yr. ACTH secreting pituitary adenomas have a SIR of 0.17/100,000/year.Case Report: A 46 year-old gentleman with a history of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus was referred following the diagnosis of a pituitary adenoma. He had presented with a 1.5 year history of left third ...

Introduction: Immunotherapy has advanced significantly over the past years. Immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) are various and include endocrinological complications such as Ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis (IIH). The incidence of this cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 antibody ranges from 0 to 17%. Patients usually present with symptoms secondary to hormonal insufficiencies.Case report: A 73 year-old lady, known case of metastatic melanoma on immunothe...

Introduction: The most common pituitary adenoma is a prolactinoma.The most relevant clinical manifestations are amenorrhoea galactorrhoea infertility gonadal and sexual dysfunction. Macroprolactinoma are more often in men because they had more difficulty for asking the sintomatology. Initial treatment of macroadenoma wasinitiated with a dopamine agonist with control of PRL concentration and size of tumorClinical case: A 52-year-old manpresented ...

Introduction: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a syndrome caused by acute hemorrhage or infarction of the pituitary gland, generally within a pituitary adenoma. Early diagnosis of PA and a multidisciplinary approach are essential for the timely treatment of pan-hypopituitarism and prevention of severe neurologic complications.Observation: We report the cases of two men aged 46 and 53 years old with pituitary apoplexy. Apoplexy occurred in one patient with pre-...

Objective: Cushing’s disease (CD) accounts for approximately 80% of cases of Cushing’s syndrome. Its clinic is nonspecific and its diagnosis difficult. The objective of this study is to review the most frequent clinical signs of this disease in our environment and compare it with that described in the literature.Patients and methods: Retrospective descriptive study of patients with CD. We included all patients diagnosed with CD (2005–2017)...

Purpose: Tumor-associated protein called as anterior gradient 2 (AGR2), which is defined particularly in breast and lung carcinomas, is involved in a variety of cellular functions such as cell migration, differentiation and proliferation. Since the role of AGR2 expression in pituitary adenomas is not well known yet, it was aimed to compare AGR2 expression in normal pituitary tissue and pituitary adenoma specimens in the study.Material and Method: We incl...

Introduction: A growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GH-PA) increases the risk of complications and death. It’s management is determined by MRI data and decrease of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) during the octreotide suppression test (OST). Currently, there is evidence that MRI-T2-hypointensive somatotropinoma and high expression of somatostatin receptors type 2 (SSTR2) according to immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) predict high efficacy of somatostatin ana...

Background: This is associated with important physiological and psychobiological changes for the girl, the family and society. Decreasing the age of puberty has made it difficult to adapt to early sexual activity. Therefore, the diagnosis and management of precocious puberty must be specially considered to ensure the health of future generations. The appearance of secondary sexual characteristics in girls under the age of 8 is considered as precocious puberty (_2.5SD lower tha...

Background: Spinal Epidural Lipomatosis (SEL) is an excessive fat deposition in the spinal canal which can lead to compression of nervous structures. SEL is a rare but recognised side effect of exogenous steroid excess. There are only six previously reported cases of SEL associated with endogenous steroid excess in the available literature. We present a case of SEL, caused by Cushing’s disease, that presented in the immediate post-operative period.C...

Objective: Cushing’s disease (CD) accounts for approximately 80% of cases of Cushing’s syndrome. Diagnosis of CD is difficult, it is carried out with a screening test and confirmation test. The aim of this study is to describe the diagnostic results of the different diagnostic tests used in the diagnosis of CD in our environment.Patients and methods: Retrospective descriptive study of patients with CD. We included all patients diagnosed with CD...

Dopamine agonists (DAs), used as first line therapy in patients with macroprolactinomas, and antipsychotics have opposite effects on dopamine receptors (D2R). In patients with severe psychiatric conditions treated with antipsychotics, the rare occurrence of a macroprolactinoma, particularly with optic chiasm compression, represents a therapeutic challenge. Indeed, on one hand, antipsychotics by their antagonistic effect on D2R, could decrease or even abolish the effects of DAs...

Introduction: Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a non-exceptional cause of short stature. Hormonal evaluation and hypothalamic-pituitary MRI are essential to establish the etiological diagnosis. The objective of our study is to assess the different pituitary lesions found in imaging in a group of children with GHD.Patients and methods: This is a retrospective longitudinal study of 22 cases of GHD who underwent pituitary MRI examination collected in the ...

Introduction: Polyuria-polydipsia syndrome is an uncommon problem in clinical practice defined by the combination of production of ‘abnormally’ large volumes of urine (>3 L/day in adults and 2 L/m2 in children) with the persistent intake of abnormally large quantities of fluids. The purpose of this study is to detail the clinical and etiological profile of polyuria-polydipsia syndrome in the Endocrinology-Diabetology Department of Oujda’s Universi...

Introduction: Growth retardation is a frequent reason for consultation in endocrinology, it is often isolated but it can integrate into a syndromic context. Its management requires a rigorous diagnostic procedure conducted in a specialized environment. The aim of our work is to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and etiological profile of RSP occurring in a syndromic setting.Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of 68 cases among 192 pa...

Introduction: Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) associated with a congenital malformation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is rare. It can be isolated or part of a combined pituitary deficiency. The purpose of our work is to describe the clinical picture in which between GH deficiency in children.Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of 18 cases among 192 patients consulting for growth retardation, conducted in the Endocrinology Diabetolog...

Background: Several studies have investigated the effects of GH replacement therapy (GHRT) on thyroid function in children with GH deficiency (GHD) leading to contrasting results. Indeed, GHRT has been reported to affect the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones, to alter TSH secretion by pituitary and to unmask secondary hypothyroidism.Objective: To evaluate long-term effects of GHRT on thyroid function in a large cohort of GHD children.<p class...

MD are the most frequent complaint of women with Cushing Syndrome at the time of diagnosis.Objective: To study the frequency of occurrence of MD in patients with Syndrome Cushing and to characterize their clinical and hormonal parallels. We investigated 34 women (average age of 27 years, variation in age from 18 to 30 years) with a newly identified ACTHA. The patients were divided into 4 groups: (1) the normal cycle is 26–31 days; (2) oligomenorrhea...

Background: The incidence of hypophysitis has increased since the introduction of Immuno-oncologic treatment. Treatment with anti-CTLA-4 (Ipilimumab) and anti-PD-1 has improved the prognosis for patients with malign melanoma drastically, but immune-mediated side effects can occur in any organ, including the thyroid and the pituitary. Headache is considered a key symptom of hypophysitis. Here, we report three cases with silent, isolated ACTH-insufficiency following immunotherap...

Idiopathic granulomatoushypophysitis is a rare inflammatory disease which is characterized by inflammation and cellular infiltration of the pituitary gland. The infiltration may cause pituitary insufficiency, compression symptoms due to mass effect and diabetes insipidus. We report the case of a 33-year-old female patient who presenting with weakness, fatigue, amenorrhea and worsening of headaches about 3 months. The patient did not have blurring vision and polyuria-polydipsia...