Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: The year 2020 has witnessed a new global pandemic caused by an encased single-stranded RNA virus identified as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The exceptionally infectious capability of the virus, along with case fatality rate ranging from 0.99% to above 3%, have raised major global concerns.COVID19 and Risk factorsEvidence from several observational studies suggests risk factors for ...

The objective of the research was to study the prevalence of adrenal tumors in various age groups.Materials and methods: Clinical observation of 282 patients with various adrenal tumors. Among the examined patients there were more women 169(59.9%), with 113 (40.1%) men. The age of patients at the moment of the first application to a doctor varied from 4 months to 74 years old, with average 39.8 ± 15.7 years old. Average age of men was 37.4 ± 16...

Research Objectives: To investigate adrenal tumors of patients operated on at the Osijek Clinical Hospital from 2016 to 2019 to examine the location and histopathological findings of the tumors, and to determine whether there is a difference in the age and gender of the subjects.Study design: Cross-sectional study with historical data.Patients and Methods: The subjects were patients of both sexes diagnosed with adrenal tumors who u...

Introduction: Primary and nonsuppressible hypersecretion of aldosterone is an increasingly recognized, but still underdiagnosed, cause of hypertension. Our objective is to determine the evolution features of primary aldosteronism (PA) patients.Patients and Methods: Retrospective study of 17 patients with PA confirmed biochemically and histologically when operated.Results: The mean age was 41.9 ± 9.3 years at PA diagnosis, and ...

Introduction: Aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) in adrenals is relatively rare but diagnostically the most complex hormonal active formation in adrenals. Difficulty of APA diagnostics is that clinically these states are hardly distinguishable from essential hypertonic disease. Besides, it is difficult to differentiate them from several symptomatic arterial hypertensions (AH), such as nephrogenic AH, some types of vascular AH or continuous and mixed pheochromocytoma.<p cl...

The objective of the research was to study clinical manifestations and characteristics of manifestations of adrenal tumors.Material and Methods: We followed 282 patients with adrenal tumors, who received in and out-patient care in the Republican Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Center of Endocrinology of the Uzbekistan Public Healthcare Ministry within the period from 2000 till 2018. Among them there were 169(59.9%) women and 113 (40.1%) men. The...

Background: Conn’s syndrome is a curable condition if identified properly. It is characterized by autonomous secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal gland cortex. Its morbidity is related to the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.Case presentation: We report the case of a 48 years old male presenting with generalized tonic-clonic seizure and coma secondary to hypertensive encephalopathy. The biochemical evaluation revealed a very high aldo...

Introduction: Hyperaldosteronism is not so common in middle-aged groups. But it should be concerned in the case of unclear hypertension, fatigue, or dyspepsia.A 61-year-old female was hospitalized in the private clinic ‘Oberig’ in December 2019. She had non-specific complaints such as weakness, dyspepsia, constipation, vomiting, losing an appetite, decrease in body weight. She has been treated for a long time out-patiently and had some episod...

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is rare in pregnancy, with an incidence of 1%. It is associated with maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications. Treatment options include both medical and surgical approaches. Parathyroidectomy is the definitive and preferred treatment, especially when serum calcium level is higher than 10.8 mg/dl and with a prior history of pregnancy loss. Herein, we present two cases of gestational primary hyperparathyroidism with different treatments.</p...

A 21-year-old woman with homozygous sickle cell disease, presented to A&E with vomiting and diarrhoea, and was noted to be hypercalcaemic (corrected calcium 3.00 mmol/l [ref. 2.2–2.6]; phosphate 0.48 mmol/l [ref. 0.8–1.5]). She reported polyuria and polydipsia, but no other symptoms of hypercalcaemia. There was no history of renal stones, renal impairment, or fragility fracture. A maternal aunt required parathyroidectomy in middle age. Bloods revealed PTH 138.4 pmo...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a primarily respiratory infection which can lead to severe syndrome needing hospitalization and assisted ventilation with high lethality. In a recent meta-analysis of 33 RCTs increased risk of severe infections on treatment with Denosumab, widely used for treatment of osteoporosis, was found specifically for ear, nose, and throat. In fact, by inhibiting the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-Β ligand, denosumab acts as an i...

The aim of the study was to study the incidence of osteo-articular complications in patients with acromegaly in the Ferghana Valley.Materials and methods: 129 patients with acromegaly in the Ferghana Valley who were included in the national register of acromegaly were examined. Of these, men – 46 (35.7%), women – 83 (64.3%). The average age of the patients was (48 ± 8.7 years). By age, patients were divided into three groups: 1 group &#8...

Background: Common Variable Immunodeficiency syndrome (CVID), the most common symptomatic immunodeficiency in aduIts, is characterized by diminished levels of IgG, IgA and/or IgM, and recurrent bacterial infections. The gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations of CVID are rare and variable. We herein report the case of a patient with a severe hypocalcemia secondary to digestive tract involvement of the CVID syndrome.Case report: A 32 year-old female patient ...

Background: The management of Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) during pregnancy is challenging due to lack of robust guidelines. Various studies have suggested an increased risk of various maternal and foetal complications, however there is no clear consensus in the literature about medical treatment vs surgery during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to review the maternal and foetal outcomes of pregnant women treated for PHPT at a single tertiary care centre and compare...

Hypoparathyroidism is an uncommon condition characterized by reduced parathyroid hormone production resulting in hypocalcaemia with its clinical manifestations. A minority of cases are familial and exist as either isolated disease or as part of well described, multisystem syndromes. Mutation in the Autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE) results in Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome type 1 featuring hypoparathyroidism as a part of the syndrome. This case reported herein describes a mu...

Background: Hypoparathyroidism is an uncommon disorder of calcium metabolism characterized by hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and reduced level of parathyroid hormone (PTH). The most common cause of hypoparathyroidism is accidental damage to the parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery. There are no formal guidelines for hypoparathyroidism management. The main goal of treatment is to improve the symptoms of hypocalcemia, to keep the serum calcium within the low normal range,...

McCune-Albright Syndrome (MAS) is a rare congenital sporadic disorder due to an embryonic post-zygotic somatic mutation in the GNAS1 gene, defined by the triad of peripheral precocious puberty (PPP), unilateral café-au-lait spots and fibrous dysplasia (FD) of bone. PPP or precocious pseudopuberty is the most common endocrinopathy seen in MAS. Other hyperfunctioning endocrinopathies include hyperthyroidism, acromegaly, FGF23-mediated hypophosphatemia and neonatal hypercort...

Introduction: Parathyroid gland proliferative disorders include adenoma, hyperplasia and carcinoma. Adenoma and hyperplasia are found more commonly in women, while carcinoma, which is very rare, is found in both sexes equally. The aim of this study was to investigate parathyroid gland tumors surgically removed at University Hospital Centre Osijek between 2016 and 2019. Also to review tumor location, size and histopathology and compare sex difference.Pati...

Dyslipidemia is a frequent pathology, especially in diabetics, which may require the use of lipid-lowering drugs such as statins. Our goal is to determine the impact of these molecules on the metabolic profile of a diabetic population with dyslipidemia.Methods: This is a retrospective study including 150 patients followed at the Tunis nutrition institute for diabetes and dyslipidemia.Results: The average BMI was 31.4 ± 6.1 kg/...

Introduction: Low vitamin D status has been associated to COVID-19 risk, and type 2 diabetic patients are a vulnerable group. Even though the Canarian archipelago is one of the sunniest spots in Europe, our prevalence of vitamin D deficit is known to be very high. The mandatory lockdown may have worsened this deficit, increasing the need for vitamin D supplementation.Objectives: Our main objective was to assess and compare the prevalence of vitamin D def...

Introduction: In the UK, the North West of England is one of the worst affected regions by COVID 19, with over 275 cases/100,000. We retrospectively looked at the diabetes characteristics of consecutive patients at our trust admitted with COVID 19 and had known diabetes, and assessed whether there was a correlation with the outcome, Clinical Frailty Score (CFS) and age.Methods: 88 continuous patients with a prior diagnosis of diabetes and COVID 19 swab p...

Introduction: During the COVID-19 induced lockdown it is imperative that people with T2DM be aware, disciplined, and sensitive to achieve glycemic control to mitigate the risks of COVID 19.Methods: We conducted a cross sectional survey to map the overall short-term impact of nationwide lockdown on the metabolic parameters and change in healthful behaviour patterns among patients from pooled practices of 21 diabetologists across 343 patients, with 30 ques...

The diagnosis of atypical non-autoimmune forms of diabetes mellitus, such as maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) presents several challenges, in view of the extensive clinical and genetic heterogeneity of the disease. In this report we describe a case of atypical non autoimmune diabetes associated with a damaging HNF1β mutation. A 39-years-old woman with normal weight (BMI 20’8 kg/m2), endometriosis, ex-smoker, fatty liver and uterus bicornis unic...

GABA from medical nutrition to pancreatic beta-cell regeneration.Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is considered as one of the most widespread chronic diseases in the world, which happens due to autoimmune damage of beta cells in islets of langerhans in the pancreas. It is the most widespread type of diabetes in young age below 18 years(1.2).The beginning or progress of autoimmune cellular injury of pancreatic beta cells could occur through the presence of m...

Background: Metformin is the most known oral glucose-lowering medications. It is considered to be the optimal first-line treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.GoalThe aim of the study was to describe the clinical and biological profile of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin.Methods: This was an observational study conducted among 57 patients with type 2 diabetes mellit...

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors were recently approved as adjunctive treatment for type 1 diabetes (T1D), contributing to better glycemic control, cardiovascular and renal protection. Aim: access the efficacy and safety of these antidiabetic agents in selected T1D patients.Methods: Evaluation of medical records of T1D patients starting SGLT-2 inhibitors between August 2018 and October 2019.Results: 24...

Background: Orthodox fasting (OF), a periodical vegetarian subset of the Mediterranean diet, has been shown to exert beneficial effects on human health. Athonian fasting is a pescetarian OF variation, where red meat is restricted throughout the year. Previous studies have examined the OF nutritional synthesis and health impact in general population fasters (GF) and Athonian monks (AM), separately. This is the first study to comparatively evaluate the characteristics and effect...

Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is a complicated disease that is associated with bone mineral density, depression, and anxiety in addition to its association with carbohydrate metabolism. The present study is intended to assess the biochemical measurements, depression and anxiety scores, and bone mineral densities (BMD) of diabetic patients with diabetic foot (DF) compared with those of diabetic patients without DF.Materials and methods: A total of 37 patient...

Introduction: Diabetic neuropathy is a degenerative complication of diabetes mellitus which can be restrictive. The objective of our work is to determine the prevalence of this complication in a type 2 diabetic population as well as its different risk factorsMethods: This is a retrospective study including 100 Tunisian type 2 diabetic patients followed up in the ‘C’ department at the National Nutrition Institute in Tunis.<p class="abstext...

Background: Previous research has demonstrated positive effects of Orthodox fasting (OF) and time restricted eating (TRE) on body weight (BW). However, little is known about the late, metabolic effects of the two diets.Methods: 29 overweight adults followed a hypocaloric diet based on OF. A hypocaloric, TRE plan (eating between 08:00 to 16:00 h) was followed by 16 BW-matched participants. Anthropometric, glycemic and inflammation markers and serum lipids...

Introduction: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), a multisystem heritable disorder, is characterized by ectopic mineralization of soft connective tissues. It is an autosomal recessive disorder in which mutations in the ABCC6 gene result in low levels of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi).In its classic form, PXE is a late-onset, slowly progressing disease, and the major clinical problems relate to development of vascular complications, including hypertension, int...

Introduction: Hyperglycaemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS) is characterised by Hypovolemia, marked hyperglycaemia, Osmolality of 320 mosmol/kg or more with the absence of acidosis and hyperketonaemia (Ph > 7.3, bicarbonate > 15 mmol/l). This is a presentation usually found in people with poorly controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). During the current pandemic of COVID-19, there have been atypical and unusual presentations of Diabetic Emergencies, in patients with well...

Introduction: In order to avoid the spread of the Corona Virus disease, Tunisia has imposed strict confinement measures. The lockdown may change Tunisian’s physical activities.The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity among adults in Tunisia.Methods: It was a transversal study conducted from 31th of May to 06th of June 2020. The target audience was adults aged between 18 and 65...

Introduction: COVID 19 is now a global pandemic. Oxygen saturation (SpO2), male gender and diabetes have been associated as risk factors for critical care admission, intubation, and prolonged intubation in hospitalised patients. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine may have protective role of against COVID-19Methods: We retrospectively evaluated inpatient records, of patients admitted over last three months in a public hospital in Northern India t...

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common endocrinological chronic diseases in children that may affect the physical and mental health of children by causing a deep upheaval in their life. Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have to deal with a complex and demanding daily treatment regime which can have a negative impact on the quality of life (QoL) of these patients. The goal of our study was to evaluate the quality of life of school-ag...

Diabetes mellitus is a global social and medical problem. In the world, there are 463 million diabetic patients, and in 2045 it is expected to be 700 million (IDF DIABETES ATLAS, Ninth edition 2019). In Ukraine, diabetes affects 7.6% of the Ukrainian population, which is 2.5 million people. According to changes in the public health system, we have separate registration of people with diabetes who receive insulin, but it does not include all diabetic patients. Previous years we...

Background and aims: According to the risk factors study for noncommunicable diseases STEPS 2016, carried out under the auspices of the World Health Organization, in 2016–17 years 60.6% Belarusians had overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m2); 25.4% had obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2), and the proportion of women with obesity (30.2%) was 1.5 times higher than men (20.2%). Thus, the project aim was to develop a methodology for group non-drug treatment of overweigh...

The aim of investigation: To study neurological characteristics of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who received hemodialysisMaterial and research methods: We for the period from January, 01.2017 to December, 31, 2017 year 102 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined. Of these, men – 45 (44.1%), women – 57 (55.9%). Average age: men amounted to 57.12 years, women – 58.15 years. 20 of them were urgently rece...

Introduction: The main widespread type of diabetes are type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and secondary causes must always be assessed if there is any suspicion.Cushing Syndrom is one of the main causes of endocrine disorders causing diabetes, though it is rarely revealed by a ketosis.We herein report the case of inaugural ketosis in a patient with an iatrogenic Cushing Syndrom.ObservationA 27...

The aim of investigation: To study clinical characteristics of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who received hemodialysis in 2017 yearMaterial and research methods: We for the period from January, 01.2017 to December, 31, 2017 year 102 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus were examined. Of these, men – 45 (44.1%), women – 57 (55.9%). Average age: men amounted to 57.12 years, women – 58.15 years. 20 of them were urge...

The aim: To define the prevalence pregnancy induced hypertension (eclampsia, severe preeclampsia, mild preeclampsia, and gestational hypertension) among women with gestational diabetes in Uzbek population.Material and Methods: The epidemiological study involved 1812 pregnant women from 6 pilot regions (Kashkadarya, Samarkand, Fergana, Surkhandarya, Namangan, Khorezm). GDM was screened for the first time among 1812 pregnant women in the period of 20&#8211...

Introduction: India has a huge population of 1350 million and most of it has a patchy availability of healthcare services, where specialist care is not available at most parts of the country. Telemedicine has been recently approved in India by government of India to be implemented during the COVID-19 lockdown as most of the patients will not be able to have the routine in clinic opd consultations.Aim and objectives: We tried to see the impact and percept...

Summary: Objective: To study the clinical manifestations of musculoskeletal complications (MSC) of acromegaly, to improve the early diagnosis of the disease.Materials and methods: 150 patients with acromegaly were examined who were observed at the RSSPMC of Endocrinology during the period from 2000 to 2020. The age of patients ranged from 19 to 76 years and averaged 43 ± 8.6 years. Of these, 65 (43.3%) were men and 85 (56.7%) women. Moreover, the du...

Introduction: Hyponatremia is the most common hydroelectrolytic disturbance in clinical practice. Multiple causes exist for its occurrence, being the etiological diagnosis sometimes complex. In patients with suprasellar tumours it is even harder due to several confounding factors. Management of these patients is difficult as it conflicts with chemotherapy-associated hyperhydration protocols. We present a case that exemplifies this.Clinical case: Four yea...

The aim of investigation: To study the tomographic characteristic of the chiasmal-sellar region (CSD) in patients with volumetric formations of the hypothalamic-pituitary region.Material and research methods: We for the period from 2018 to 2020. 34 patients with various pituitary adenomas were examined. Of these, men – 15 (44.1%), women – 19 (55.9%). Average age: men amounted to 37.12 years, women – 38, 15 years. The research methods in...

Introduction: Solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome (SMMCI) is a complex disorder consisting of multiple, mainly midline defects of development resulting from unknown factors and an uncertain etiology. Its incidence is estimated at 1/50.000.Material and Methods: We report 2 cases of patients with SMMCI associated with GH isolated deficiency in one case and multiple pituitary hormone deficiency in the other one.Case 1: ...

Background: current studies reported that pregnancy in women with hypopituitarism is rare and several obestristics and endocrinologic complications must resolve for successful pregnancy among these women. Here we report one woman with hypopituitarism who became pregnant after hormonal replacement therapy.Method: A therapeutic strategy for 34 years old pregnant women as known case of pituitary surgery and completed pan hypopituitarism was designed. We per...

Objective: Oral Contraceptives (OCs) are a unique chronic medication where a slip of memory may be experienced as a threat that could change the life course of a person. Internet search engine queries provide a unique access to concerns and information gaps in a large number of internet users. We sought to quantitate internet search engine queries on missing one or more doses of an OC and subsequent queries on emergency contraception, abortion and miscarriage. We also quantifi...

Male infertility is a worldwide healthcare issue, which has driven developed countries to take the necessary steps in detecting and treating the problem. While transition countries such as North Macedonia and most of the surrounding states belonging to the Western Balkans, usually blame the female partner for infertility, thus male factor is underestimated. The term ‘milieu intérieur’ means also a perfect equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a...

Hyperthyroidism in Graves’ disease (GD) is caused by thyroid-stimulating autoantibodies to the TSH receptor. Hypothyroidism in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is associated with thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin autoantibodies. Transformation of HT to GD has been rarely reported. We report a woman with history of HT, who then developed GD.Case presentation: A 50-year-old female with a past history of hypothyroidism due to HT treated with Levo...

Myxedema coma is a potentially lethal presentation of severe hypothyroidism. It is a rare condition in the Western society. We present a 72-year-old woman with a myxedema coma precipitated by a urinary tract infection. The patient was admitted to the emergency ward in a subcomatose state featuring hypothermia, hypotension, bradycardia and hypoxia. Diagnosis of myxedema by the attending Emergency Physician was suggested based on clinical presentation. The consulting endocrinolo...

Introduction: Acute thyroiditis is rare disease and it affects mainly immunocompromised patients. First line antibiotics for treatment are Ampicillin and Cephalosporin.Case report: 30 y/o woman presented with neck pain and according clinical-laboratory tests was diagnosed with subacute thyroiditis.• TSH-0.018(0.350–4.940 µIU/ml);• FT4–32, 32 (9, 01–19, 05 pmol/l)<p class...

Background: Thyroid hormone has an important role for skin growth and development. Alopecia is one of the clinical feature of autoimmune hypothyroidism or systemic autoimmune diseaseCase IllustrationA 18-year-old Indonesian woman presented with alopecia universalis. It started with a patchy hair loss which then progress to all of her body. At the age of 15 she had complaints of neck enlargement, palpitation, weight loss, and heat i...

Introduction: Today, thyroid papillary cancer remains to be the most frequent diagnosed malignancy. Despite highly positive outcomes, treatment protocol still requires surgical intervention, which, in turn often affects not only thyroid and regional lymph nodes, but also recurrent nerve and parathyroid glands. The aim of our study was to compare the metabolic compensation of calcium and thyroid metabolism improvement in patients operated on thyroid cancer recently and 20 years...

Graves’ disease (GD) is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder of the thyroid due to the presence of circulating anti-thyroid-stimulating-hormone receptor stimulating autoantibodies that lead to hyperthyroidism. Involvement of the genetic variants of RHO genes in GD has not been examined yet. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between RHO gene polymorphisms and GD in a Turkish population. A total of 128 patients with GD and ...

Introduction: Amiodarone is a well-established class III antiarrhythmic drug used in the treatment of arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation.Case report: HistoryA 68 year old gentleman who has background history of persistent Atrial fibrillation, dilated cardiomyopathy, took digoxin 125 mg, bisoprolol 2.5 mg and warfarin 2 mg, simvastatin 40 mg, Ramipril 10 mg. Digoxin was discontinued due to the nocturnal pauses, bradycardia on 24 ho...

Introduction: Thyroid storm is an acute exacerbation of hyperthyroidism, responsible for significant mortality despite treatment.Case report: We report the observation of a 43-year-old diabetic patient with basedow’s disease with poor therapeutic adherence; admitted for convulsions and loss of consciousness. The diagnosis of acute thyroid storm on drop out of treatment was mentioned, in front of the detection of peripheral hyperthyroidism with low ...