Endocrine Abstracts

The aim: To define the prevalence pregnancy induced hypertension (eclampsia, severe preeclampsia, mild preeclampsia, and gestational hypertension) among women with gestational diabetes in Uzbek population.

Material and Methods: The epidemiological study involved 1812 pregnant women from 6 pilot regions (Kashkadarya, Samarkand, Fergana, Surkhandarya, Namangan, Khorezm). GDM was screened for the first time among 1812 pregnant women in the period of 20–32 weeks of pregnancy, aged 18–40 years. We extended gestation age beyond the recommended 24–28 weeks to provide flexibility for women who did not exactly remember the date of their last menstruation. Screening included: an anamnesis (presence of risk factors, number of births, etc.), anthropometry (height, weight, calculation of BMI), a study of fasting venous blood glucose and after OGTT (75 g glucose). Women were excluded from the study if they were previously diagnosed with diabetes and/or were taking medications that affect their blood glucose levels.

Results: A total of 196 women were diagnosed as having GDM according to IADPSG diagnostic criteria which resulted in a GDM prevalence of 10.5%. The two groups were similar with respect to BMI, gravidity and parity. The GDM subjects had significantly higher fasting-and 2-h glucose values during OGTT compared to controls. Gestational age at OGTT was similar in the two groups. The frequencies of preterm birth, previous delivery of a macrosomic infant and age ^ 35 years were significantly higher in GDM patients than in controls, whereas a family history of diabetes, the frequencies of prepregnancy overweight, previous unexplained stillbirth were similar in the two groups.

Conclusions: Hypertensive disorders were more frequent in GDM subjects than in controls (19.6% vs. 10.5%).Women with gestational diabetes mellitus were initially thought to have borderline significantly increased risk of preeclampsia (relative risk 1.47; 95% confidence interval 0.92–2.05) and of pregnancy-associated hypertension (relative risk 1.08; 95% confidence interval 0.96–3.22).These findings suggest that women with gestational diabetes mellitus do indeed have an increased risk of preeclampsia.