Endocrine Abstracts

Background

In Georgia, significantly huge number of patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DMT2) suffer from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and obesity. Since, dyslipidemia is one of major factors, leading to cardiovascular (CV) mortality, it is crucial to investigate the effects of relatively novel hypoglycemic agents- Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (Dapagliflozin) or Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists (Liraglutide) on lipid profile.

Aim

The aim of our short-term observational study was to assess and compare impact of SGLT2 inhibitor and GLP-1 agonist on lipid profile in patients with DMT2 and dyslipidemia.

Methods

A total of 48 patients with DMT2, (Mean age 51.8 yrs. ± 6.1. Mean duration of DMT2 ± 8.3 yrs., n = 30 male, n = 28 female) were recruited in the observational study. All of them had been treated with GLP1 agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors, (25 patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors, 23 patients treated with GLP1 agonists) as add-on therapy to Metformin, at least for 6 months. On based of that, we divided the patients respectively into two groups and compared the effects of GLP-1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors on lipid profile at baseline and on 18^th week of the study. All the patients were instructed to keep healthy diet and physical activity

Results

42 patients completed the follow-up. After 18 weeks of the treatment, the study showed the upward trend of HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C) and downward trends of Total Cholesterol (TC) and LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-C) among patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors (mean LDL-C –0.2 mmol/l, mean TC –0.2 mmol/l and mean HDL-C + 0.3 mmol/l). Mean reduction in LDL-C by 0.4 mmol/l was seen among the patients treated with GLP-1 agonists. However, there was no significant effect shown on mean HDL-C or TC values. Mean levels of Triglycerides (TG) remained unchanged in both groups.

Discussion

We think, that different impacts of hypoglycemic medications on lipid profile seen in our patients should be taken into concern. Mean LDL-C was reduced in both groups, but more effectively in GLP-1 treated patients, On the other hand mean HDL-C was increased only in SGLT-2 inhibitor-treated patients. Thus, these hypoglycemic agents have mildly different beneficial effects on dyslipidemia, However these are the 18-week study results and we do hope to investigate accurately the whole lipid profile among our patients for following months.