Endocrine Abstracts

The combination of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) greatly increases the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Identification of factors which accelerate the development of atherosclerosis, it is important to more fully understand the mechanisms of progression of these diseases.

The aim is to study the relationship between levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and lipid peroxidation in patients with essential hypertension (EH) and T2DM.

Methods

The study involved 76 p atients with grade 2 EH (40 men and 36 women, aged 48 to 60 years): 42 patients with EH with T2DM and 34 hypertensive patients without T2DM. In all patients, the development of EH preceded the development of T2DM. The control group consisted of 24 healthy individuals. The blood levels of TGF-beta1, ІФР-1 and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) were measured in all subjects.

Results

TGF-β1 and MDA blood levels were significantly higher in EH patients with T2DM compared with hypertensive patients without diabetes (p1 = 0.032 and p2 = 0.043, respectively) and with the control group (p1 = 0.018 and p2 = 0.027, respectively). The level of IGF-1 in the blood of patients with EH and T2DM was significant lower compared with patients with EH without diabetes (P = 0.034) and with healthy individuals (P = 0.042). The levels of IGF in patients with EH without diabetes and in healthy individuals didn’t differ. At the same time, in hypertensive patients with T2DM, positive correlations of blood levels of TGF-β1 with MDA (P = 0.003), as well as blood levels of TGF-β1 and MDA with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P = 0.038 and P = 0.026, respectively) were revealed.

Conclusion

The established increase in the levels of TGF-β1 and lipid peroxidation products in combination with a decrease in the level of IGF-β1 creates conditions for the accelerated progression of atherosclerotic damage in hypertensive patients with T2DM.