Obesity, metabolism & miscellaneous endocrinology
Nikoletta Mili 1 , Iliana Karagkouni 2,* , Dimitris Delialis 3 , Mary Yannakoulia 4 , Eleni Armeni 2 , Christos Papavangelis 2 , Areti Augoulea 2 , Efthymios Kouerinis 2 , Loraina Kontou 2 , Stavroula Paschou 2 , Georgios Mavraganis 3 , Leon Aravantinos 2 , Kimon Stamatelopoulos 3,** & Irene Lambrinoudaki 2,**
12nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital; [email protected]; 2Menopause Clinic, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece; 3Vascular Laboratory, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 4Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; *Equal first authorship **Equal senior authorship
Background: Apart from traditional cardiovascular-risk factors and fluctuating sex hormone levels, environmental and lifestyle factors might also contribute to the heightened cardiovascular risk after menopause.
Objective: To explore whether nutritional factors are associated with subclinical vessel disease in postmenopausal women.
Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 310 apparently healthy postmenopausal women, attending a University Menopause Clinic. A validated food frequency questionnaire and the MedDietScore were used to evaluate the dietary habits. Anthropometric/biochemical indices including the Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG-Index), body fat distribution [triceps skinfold (TSF), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC)] and physical activity were evaluated. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid and femoral-artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and atheromatous plaques presence were assessed.
Results: Dietary intake associated with indices of subclinical atherosclerosis. Nut intake was associated with combined-carotid IMT (b-coefficient=-0.091; p=0.03). Non-refined cereals intake associated with carotid-bulb IMT (b-coefficient=-0.105; P=0.02) after adjusting for age, physical activity, lipids, systolic blood pressure, smoking and daily energy intake. Arterial stiffness associated with tea intake (b-coefficient=-0.371; P=0.03) as well as dairy product consumption (b-coefficient=-0.943; P=0.02). Increased red meat intake associated with TyG-index (b-coefficient=1.348; P=0.01). Dietary patterns including higher amounts of tea, alcohol, nuts, non-refined cereals and a high MedDietScore associated with lower MUAC and TSF values. Results remained consistent after further adjustment for the TyG-index.
Conclusions: Nutritional habits are associated with metabolic and vascular indices suggesting a relation with cardiovascular risk in menopause regardless of traditional cardiovascular-risk factors, total energy intake or physical activity.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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