Endocrine Abstracts

The prevalence of diabetes is growing every year. One of the important complications of diabetes is the effect of diabetes on the gastrointestinal tract. Purpose of the study: to identify the frequency of delayed gastric emptying in patients with diabetes.

Materials and methods: 122 patients with type 2 diabetes were examined for complaints from the upper gastrointestinal tract. For this, the GCSI questionnaire was used. After a thorough clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination, 34 patients were excluded. The remaining 88 patients underwent gastric scintigraphy to determine the motor-evacuation function of the stomach.

Results: A comprehensive examination was carried out of 88 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus All patients were divided into three groups depending on the age of diabetes: the first group (up to 5 years) - 23 people (27.27%), the second (6-10 years) - 26 (29.5%), the third (more than 11 years) –39 people (43.2%). The average age was 52.8 ± 6.51 years. Clinical and metabolic compensation of diabetes (HbA1c <7%) was observed in 12 people (13.6%), decompensation of carbohydrate metabolism - in 76 people (86.4%). A labile course of diabetes mellitus was observed in 19 people (11.36%). Dynamic scintigraphy revealed the following data. Accelerated intake of the first portions of Tc into the intestines was observed more often in 37 people (42.3%), in 27 people (30.76%) - there was a delayed intake, in 4 patients (3.84%) - normal. Gastroesophageal reflux was observed in 27 people (30.7%), and duodenogastric reflux in 4 patients (3.84%). The time of maximum accumulation of Tc in the stomach, was slow in most patients in all three groups. In 15.9% of patients there were no complaints from the organs of the gastroduodenal zone, while 80% of them had a delayed motor-evacuation function of the stomach (T1/2av = 81.2 min), in 20% - within normal limits. Mathematical modeling with the construction of 3D graphs made it possible to identify the relationship between the motor-evacuation function of the stomach, the duration of diabetes and the presence of hypoglycemia, namely, with an increase in T1 / 2 (stagnation of food in the stomach), the frequency of hypoglycemia increases, and with an increase in the duration of diabetes, evacuation is even more delayed test breakfast from the stomach.

Conclusion: A comprehensive and targeted examination of 88 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus showed a high prevalence of pathology of the gastrointestinal tract.