ECE2023 Rapid Communications Rapid Communications 4: Reproductive and Developmental Endocrinology (6 abstracts)
Sars-CoV-2 infection leads to significant and long-lasting changes in women’s reproductive health
Kristina Saravinovska 1 , Ljiljana Marina 1,2 , Dunja-Simona Petkovic 1,3 , Neda Delic 2 , Antoan Stefan Sojat 1 , Tijana Petkovic 1 , Natalija Antic 1 , Sladjana Mihajlovic 2,4 , Milan Lackovic 4 , Nevena Radonjic 5 , Miomira Ivovic 1,2 , Zorana Arizanovic 1 & Svetlana Vujovic 1,2
1Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, National Centre for Infertility and Endocrinology of Gender, Belgrade, Serbia; 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; 3Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, National Centre for Infertility and Endocrinology of Gender , Belgrade, Serbia; 4Clinical Hospital Centre "Dragisa Misovic", Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belgrade, Serbia; 5Upstate Medical University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Syracuse, NY, United States
Background: Reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. So far, there is limited evidence about the consequences of Sars-CoV-2 infection on women’s reproductive health.
Aim: To determine the effects of Sars-CoV-2 infection on women’s reproductive health.
Methods: We created an anonymous survey about reproductive health and shared it with women of reproductive age between May 2022 and December 2022. All women used their menstrual cycle (MC) diary while filling out the survey. Surveys were stratified into two groups based on RT-PCR/Antigen test results: positive (CP) or negative (CN). All reported changes in CP referred to time after the Sars-CoV-2 infection and in CN to a pandemic period in general.
Results: 704 women completed the survey. Based on inclusion, exclusion, and complete data availability 461 surveys were taken into the final analysis: 129/28% CN-mean age 28.8±9.7, mean BMI 22.5±4.1 kg/m2 and 332/72% CP, mean age 28.3±8.7, mean BMI 22.3±3.7 kg/m2. There was no difference in age or BMI between the groups (p>0.05). 303/65.7% reported being vaccinated. When compared to CN, 253/54.8% CP reported changes in MC (P<0.001); 94/20.3% CP reported shortening of MC length (P=0.001) with a mean shortening of 3.3 days, as well as more pronounced premenstrual syndrome symptoms (PMS) (P<0.001); 83/18% CP reported heavier menstrual bleeding (HMB) (P<0.001); 64/13.8% CP reported more painful menstrual bleeding (MB) (P=0.017); 45/9.76% reported prolonged MB duration (P=0.026); 32/6.9% CP reported a dyad consisting of shortening of MC length, and HMB (P=0.003); 258/55.9% CP reported that the changes in their MC are still present (P=0.005) with an average duration of 290 days. Age, BMI nor vaccination did not affect changes in MC (p>0.05). In fact, vaccination had a protective effect against MC changes, which was close to statistical significance (P=0.087, B=−0.542, OR 0.582; 95% CI=0.312-1.083). Regarding mental health when compared to CN surveys, 116/25.1% CP reported having low mood (P=0.036); 89/19.3% CP reported poor sleep (P=0.017); 24/5.2% CP surveys reported excessive alcohol use (P=0.006). Mental health changes did not affect changes in MC (p>0.05). In CP group, the duration of Sars-CoV-2 infection was the most significant predictor of changes in MC (P=0.009, B=0.070, OR 1.072; 95% CI=1.02-1.13).
Conclusions: Sars-CoV-2 infection leads to long-lasting changes in women’s reproductive health. Possible consequences are yet to be elucidated as the most remarkable change was the shortening of MC length which is an important clinical predictor of reproductive axis aging and lower fertility rate.
Volume 90
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Endocrine Abstracts
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