Endocrine Abstracts

The purpose of the study is a comparative assessment of the hematological, autoimmune and hormonal status of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AİT).

Material and methods: 45 patients with AIT aged from 25 to 76 years were examined (average age 44.3±1.5). 39 of them women (86.7%), 6 men (13.3%). Two groups were determined: 1st group - patients with AIT with anemia - 36 people (average age 44.1±1.7); 2nd group - patients with AIT without anemia - 9 people (average age 45.4±3.8). Mild anemia was observed in 34 (94.4%), moderate anemia - in 2 (5.6%) patients. HGB, HCT, RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, serum Fe and ferritin were determined. Immune status was assessed by the level of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD4+/CD8+, CİC, Ef, ATPO, hormonal status – according to the level of TSH, T4 free.

Results: İn 1st group by the erythrocyte volume 23 patients (63.9%) were identified with microcytic anemia, 13 patients (36.1%) had normocytic anemia. According to the morphological indicator of anemia MCH-25 (63.9%) patients had a hypochromic type of anemia, 11 (30.5%) patients - normochromic. İn 1st group 23 (63.9%) patients had microcytic-hypochromic anemia, which characteristic for iron deficiency anemia, and 11 (30.5%) patients - normocytic-normochromic anemia, characteristic for anemia of chronic diseases. A comparative assessment of the level of HGB and indicators of iron metabolism in patients with AIT with anemia revealed a decrease in HGB by 21.4%, serum Fe by 33.7%, ferritin by 39.5% in comparison with the corresponding control indicators. To a greater extent, the depletion of iron stores (ferritin) is due to the fact that the development of anemia is preceded by ‘latent iron deficiency, ’ an indicator of which is ferritin.

Conclusion: AIT is characterized by a high incidence of anemia, often mild (94.4%), microcytic-hypochromic (63.9%), which characteristic for iron deficiency anemia. Severe hematological disorders identified in patients with AIT with anemia are accompanied by profound autoimmune changes and, in 25% of cases with subclinical hypothyroidism.