Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Obesity significantly increases cardiovascular risk and is associated with various diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Weight loss improves glycemic control, and bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for obesity, often leading to weight loss and improved glycemic control, potentially achieving T2DM remission. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and gastric bypass (GB) in achieving T2DM remission in obese patients.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of SG and GB in inducing T2DM remission in obese patients.

Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients (59 men and 41 women) with a BMI ≥35 kg/m² and a mean age of 64 ± 3 years were included. Patients underwent SG (n = 41) or GB (n = 59). Anthropometric data (BMI, postoperative weight changes) and laboratory parameters (HbA1c, C-peptide, insulin, fasting venous glucose) were assessed initially and during the two-year follow-up. The insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated, and patients were evaluated for T2DM remission based on established criteria.

Results: No significant differences were found in achieving complete T2DM remission between SG and GB groups, with remission rates of 14 patients (SG) and 12 patients (GB), with p-values of 0.082 and 0.114, respectively. Maintaining weight loss is crucial for achieving and sustaining T2DM remission, but a multifactorial approach beyond achieving a target BMI is necessary.

Conclusion: Both SG and GB are effective in achieving T2DM remission in obese patients, with no significant difference in outcomes between the two surgical methods. Effective weight reduction and a comprehensive approach are essential for successful long-term diabetes management.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes, bariatric surgery, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass, obesity, remission.