Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT3940

Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and amputation in patients with diabetes, yet, the etiology and risk factors are not fully understood. This study analyzes temporal trends in DFI causes, microbiological profiles, and clinical outcomes over a 10-year period, using data from three different cohorts (2013, 2019, and 2024) of 400 patients treated at Reha Diabetic foot clinic. Our results show that there is an important change in the microbiological profile of DFIs with increasing incidence of multidrug-resistent organisms (MDRO), especially MRSA. Between 2013 and 2024, the proportion of MDRO-related infections rose significantly and correlated with previous antibiotic treatment and longer hospitalization. In 2013, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common microorganism, whereas in 2024, Staphylococcus aureus became the dominant species. Additionally, we identified key risk factors for severe DFIs, including peripheral arterial disease (PAD), poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 9%), and late admission to specialized care. Patients with PAD had an increased risk for the development of osteomyelitis (P< 0.01), while those with HbA1c > 9% had a 40% higher risk of amputation (P< 0.05). Our study highlights the changing nature of DFIs and the importance of early treatment to improve patient outcomes. Using broad-spectrum antibiotics alongside a multidisciplinary approach can help manage infections more effectively. By identifying and addressing the factors that contribute to these infections and staying aware of evolving microbial patterns, we can take important steps toward reducing the risk of severe complications, including disability and death from diabetic foot disease.