Endocrine Abstracts

Objective: Combined oral contraceptive pills (COCP), primarily used for contraception; are also indicated in other conditions including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Evidence on the prevalence and patterns of COCP use in PCOS compared to those without the condition are unknown, and studies in unselected populations, especially longitudinally, are very limited. The aim of this study was to examine prevalence and patterns of COCP use in women with PCOS, compared to the backg...

Introduction : Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with broad reproductive, metabolic and psychological complications, as well as significant heterogeneity in presentation between and within individuals across the lifespan. Therefore, there is a need for a multidisciplinary approach. A model of care (MoC) is conceptualised as an overarching provision of care that is codesigned with end-users and aligns with evidence-based practice and defined standards. The internat...

Background: Hirsutism, characterized by the male pattern distribution of terminal hair in females due to elevated androgen levels, is a diagnostic feature for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), assessed by the modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG) score. The 2023 international PCOS guideline suggests an mFG score of 4-6 for hirsutism detection. However, the lack of universally applicable cut-offs in diverse populations necessitates further research. Therefore, this study aimed to def...

Long-term exposure to cortisol carry health risk and its important to establish the cause and exclude exogenous steroid use before starting investigation for endogenous causes, we present a young man with clinical picture of Cushing but low random cortisol.16 years old studying for his AS examinations at the time, presented to his GP with 5-week history of fatigue, weight gain of 2 stone in 18 months, insomnia, diarrhoea, left ...

Long-term exposure to cortisol carry health risk and its important to establish the cause and exclude exogenous steroid use before starting investigation for endogenous causes, we present a young man with clinical picture of Cushing but low random cortisol.16 years old studying for his AS examinations at the time, presented to his GP with 5-week history of fatigue, weight gain of 2 stone in 18 months, insomnia, diarrhoea, left ...

Disorders of calcium metabolism are common in Sarcoidosis. The frequency of hypercalciuria and hypercalcaemia has been reported as 30–50% and 10–20% respectively. The underlying mechanism is enhanced PTH independent extra-renal production of 1,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D (Calcitriol) which increase absorption of Calcium from the gut causing hypercalcaemia.A 79 year old lady was admitted with fever, cough and night sweats and was treated for pneumoni...

The milk – alkali syndrome was well known in the pre-proton pump inhibitor era when remedies for peptic ulcer included a large amount of calcium and sodium bicarbonate resulting in hypercalcaemia, metabolic alkalosis and often acute kidney injury. In a study done from 1998 to 2003, milk alkali syndrome was the cause of hypercalcaemia in 8.8 percent of the cases which is a significant percentage, so awareness about it is important.<p class="abste...

Moyamoya disease is a progressive chronic neurological disease due to multiple narrowing of the carotid arteries. It can be seen in association with atherosclerosis, vasculitis, haematological conditions, connective tissue disease, neurocutaneous syndromes and certain autoimmune diseases. Very few cases have been reported in association with Graves disease and the majority being in the East Asian population. We present a rare case of this association in a young C...

The milk – alkali syndrome was well known in the pre-proton pump inhibitor era when remedies for peptic ulcer included a large amount of calcium and sodium bicarbonate resulting in hypercalcaemia, metabolic alkalosis and often acute kidney injury. In a study done from 1998 to 2003, milk alkali syndrome was the cause of hypercalcaemia in 8.8 percent of the cases which is a significant percentage, so awareness about it is important.<p class="abste...

Moyamoya disease is a progressive chronic neurological disease due to multiple narrowing of the carotid arteries. It can be seen in association with atherosclerosis, vasculitis, haematological conditions, connective tissue disease, neurocutaneous syndromes and certain autoimmune diseases. Very few cases have been reported in association with Graves disease and the majority being in the East Asian population. We present a rare case of this association in a young C...