Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Poorly differentiated carcinoma (PDTC) is an aggressive and rare form of thyroid carcinoma that originates from follicular cells and accounts for only 1-3 percent of all thyroid carcinomas diagnosed1. Most of the limited instances of PDTCs have been observed in older individuals. Instances in the pediatric population are exceedingly rare2.Case report: This report refers 17-year-old female, who presented moderate hirsut...

Introduction: Androgen insensitivity syndrome rare X linked disorder that is typically characterized by evidence of feminization of the external genitalia at birth, abnormal secondary sexual development in puberty, and infertility in individuals with a 46,XY karyotype. Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) usually is recognized only at the teenage age due to primary amenorrhea. Recently, gonadectomy for patients with CAIS are postponed due to a mild risk of malignanc...

The first crystal structure of human androgen receptor (AR) homodimer will be presented. This structure allows for the structure-based rationalization of the largest number of disease-associated mutations described for the AR ligand binding domain (LBD), which have been involved in prostate cancer and androgen insensitivity syndromes. The conservation of essential residues involved in AR self-association in other oxosteroid receptors suggests a more common dimerization mechani...

MetS is a cluster of interconnected factors that directly increase the risk of cardiovascular atherosclerotic diseases, and diabetes mellitus type 2. Visceral obesity/insulin resistance have gained increasing attention as the core manifestations of the syndrome. HPA axis is one of the main stress response pathways. Apart from having a circadian activity also mediates the adaptive response to stressors. A growing body of evidence point towards a strong relationship between pert...

We recently reviewed the evidence for neurological effects of premature ovarian insufficiency (Hogervorst 2014, ESHRE in press) to provide guidelines for ESHRE.Several observational studies reported that an early age at menopause increased risk for dementia and was associated with worse cognitive function and dementia pathology.However, sex hormone treatment up to the natural age at menopause could off-set this risk. It is currentl...

Critical illness represents a major challenge for the human body where an adequate stress response is indispensable for survival. Concomitantly high cortisol levels are observed and for a long time, an increased activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) was assumed to explain this hypercortisolism. Furthermore, insufficient activation of the HPA-axis during critical illness was described and referred to as ‘relative adrenal insufficiency’ or ‘c...

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are grouped according to the origin of the primary tumor and their proliferation index (Ki-67). The WHO classification divide GEP-NETs into G1 (Ki-67 <3%), G2 (Ki-67 ≥3-20%) and G3 (Ki-67 >20%). Both parameters are accounted for when treatment strategies are planned. Furthermore, the presence of hormone related symptoms warrant consideration.Aim: To describe the treatment l...

When a craniopharyngioma (CP) causes hypothalamus (HT) damage this will result in hypothalamic obesity (HO), cognitive dysfunction and increased stroke mortality. Suggested treatment when the HT is affected by a CP is subtotal resection and in some cases followed by cranial radiotherapy (CRT). In the preoperative phase, a multidisciplinary team may suggest HT sparing surgery with subtotal tumour removal. If in spite of all efforts the HT is damaged, there will be an immediate ...

Survival rates of childhood cancer have improved markedly and today more than 80% of those diagnosed with a pediatric malignancy will become 5-year survivors. Nevertheless, survivors exposed to cranial radiotherapy (CRT) are at particularly high risk for long-term morbidity, such as endocrine insufficiencies, metabolic complications and cardiovascular morbidity. Deficiencies of one or more anterior pituitary hormones have been described following therapeutic CRT for primary br...

The true prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with diabetes is difficult to estimate. Studies of the area have shown varying and conflicting results. There is also disagreement about the conditions that influence this relationship and the risk factors that can be linked to the phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to investigate sexual function in women with diabetes at a Diabetes Care Unit. The study was conducted using a quantitative approach. Fifty women aged 18&#1...