Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Non-classic adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH), comparatively a rare disease, is characterised by mild to moderate hyperandrogenemia, hirsutism, oligomenorrhea, insulin resistance which incidentally are the hallmarks of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)- a common disorder among reproductive aged women. The data on 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP)serum levels in NCAH has been reported globally but there is limited data available regarding the normal range among healthy Indian...

The case: The case described is a 49 year old lady referred to emergency department with history of episodic palpitations, headache and sweating with possible weight loss for last 14 years but symptoms now worse in the past few days. Past medical history was significant for modest hypertension with retinal changes treated with Lisinopril. Patient stopped going to the gym recently as it seemed to exacerbate the symptoms. Patient recently registered with a new GP who in view of ...

Cigarette smoking is the major cause of disease related deaths in the world. Cigarette smoke contains many harmful chemicals, among them nicotine is the most potent one. The root cause of smoking hazards is nicotine addiction or dependence (ND). Environmental as well as genetic factors are reported to influence smoking which leads to nicotine addiction in all age groups especially. Neurexin1 is a cell adhesion protein important for synapse formation and CHRNB4 is chol...

As a lingering, often deteriorating brain disease, addiction causes neurotic drug seeking and utilization along with injurious significances to the addicts and to those living around them. Biological, genetic and a number of intrinsic and extrinsic environmental constituents are most vital in entire risk factors of drug addiction. Among addictive drugs opioid dependence is considered as the most deliberated drug abuse disorder and a major social dilemma worldwide. Opioids indu...

Adult male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were given oral treatment of either Aroclor 1242 or vehicle (corn oil and glycerol) at a dose of 200 microgram/kg bw/day/animal for six months to investigate the effect of pollutant on plasma testosterone and morphology of testis and accessory glands. The animals used in this research have been treated humanely according to institutional guidelines, with due consideration to the alleviation of distress and discomfort. Aroclor 1242 tre...

27-year-old male presented to the outpatient adult Endocrine team with Classical Salt wasting CAH due to 21 -Hydroxylase Deficiency. He has 659 A/C G splice mutation. There was no prior family history of CAH. The diagnosis was made at birth and he was commenced on hydrocortisone and Fludrocortisone. Further confirmatory tests were done at the age of one month. He was regularly followed up in the pediatric endocrine clinic. There have always been issues with compliance. He had ...

Adrenal gland is a less focused endocrine organ for the endocrine disrupting effect of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The effects of two extensively used phthalate esters viz. di-ethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-butyl phthalate (DBP) on adrenal gland were observed in Wistar rats in the present study to check the susceptibility of adrenal gland against the exposure of these extensively used plasticizers which are well known EDCs. Wistar rats were divided into seven g...

A 70-year old female patient was referred to the Endocrine clinic after incidental finding of significant hypercalcaemia (3.19 mmol/l, NR: 2.20-2.60 mmol/l) during work-up for cognitive decline. She had a known background of T2DM, hyperlipidaemia, osteoarthritis with a previous right total hip replacement and a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. She was first reviewed in clinic in June 2022 and was almost asymptomatic, except for memory issues. She denied previous history of renal ...

Graves’ disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism1 and is caused by stimulating autoantibodies to the TSH receptor (TRAb).2 TRAb assays have 98% sensitivity and 99% specificity 3 for GD and are recommended as the first-line cost-effective investigation to diagnosis the aetiology of hyperthyroidism and determine the risk of thyroid eye disease.4,5 In TRAb antibody negative patients, radionuclide imaging may be help...

Background: The principal cause for increased osteoporosis risk in young adults is the underlying endocrine condition that can severely compromise the prime bone building stage occurring during adolescence. As this could lead to a diminished quality of life from a relatively early stage, emphasis lies on correcting the endocrine condition with appropriately tailored management that can prevent its deterioration. Examples of treatments include replacing deficit hormones such as...